Editing Roald Amundsen (section)

=== Belgian Antarctic Expedition ===
[[File:Belgica schiff.jpg|thumb|{{RV|Belgica|1884|6}} frozen in the ice, 1898]]
Amundsen joined the [[Belgian Antarctic Expedition]] as first mate at the age of 25 in 1897. This expedition, led by [[Adrien de Gerlache]] using the ship the [[RV Belgica (1884)|RV ''Belgica'']], became the first expedition to overwinter in Antarctica.<ref name="Mifflin" /> The ''Belgica'', whether by mistake or design, became locked in the sea ice at 70°30′S off [[Alexander Island]], west of the [[Antarctic Peninsula]]. The crew endured a winter for which they were poorly prepared.

By Amundsen's own estimation, the doctor for the expedition, the American [[Frederick Cook]], probably saved the crew from [[scurvy]] by hunting for animals and feeding the crew fresh meat. In cases where citrus fruits are lacking, raw meat – particularly [[offal]] – from animals often contains enough [[vitamin C]] to prevent scurvy.<ref name="Ferguson 2021 t544">{{cite web | last=Ferguson | first=Donna | title=The secret of how Amundsen beat Scott in race to south pole? A diet of raw penguin | website=The Guardian | date=16 May 2021 | url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/may/16/the-secret-of-how-amundsen-beat-scott-in-race-to-south-pole-a-diet-of-raw-penguin | access-date=21 June 2023 | archive-date=4 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604130201/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/may/16/the-secret-of-how-amundsen-beat-scott-in-race-to-south-pole-a-diet-of-raw-penguin | url-status=live }}</ref>