Editing Red-throated loon (section)

===Voice===
The adult red-throated loon has a number of [[bird vocalization|vocalisations]], which are used in different circumstances. In flight, when passing [[conspecific]]s or circling its own pond, it gives a series of rapid yet rhythmic [[goose]]-like cackles—''kaa-kaa-kaa'' or ''kak-kak-kak'', at roughly five calls per second. Its warning call, if disturbed by humans or onshore [[predator]]s, is a short croaking bark. A low-pitched moaning call, used primarily as a contact call between mates and between parents and young, but also during [[animal sexual behavior|copulation]], is made with the bill closed. The species also has a short wailing call—''aarOOao...aarOOao...''—which descends slightly in [[pitch (music)|pitch]] and lasts about a second; due to strong [[harmonic]]s surrounding the primary pitch, this meowing call is more musical than its other calls. Another call—a harsh, pulsed cooing that rises and falls in pitch, and is typically repeated up to 10&nbsp;times in a row—is used in territorial encounters and pair-bonding, and by parent birds encouraging their young to move on land between bodies of water.{{sfn|Cramp|1977|p=48}} Known as the "long call", it is often given in duet, which is unusual among the loons;{{sfn|Carboneras|1992|p=164}} the female's contribution is longer and softer than her mate's.{{sfn|Cramp|1977|p=48}}

Young have a shrill closed-bill call, which they use in begging and to contact their parents. They also have a long call used in response to (and similar to that of) the long call of adults.{{sfn|Cramp|1977|p=48}}