Editing Primogeniture (section)

===Absolute primogeniture===
[[File:Absolute cognatic primogeniture diagram.svg|thumb|Absolute cognatic primogeniture diagram. Legend: {{unordered list|Grey: incumbent|Square: male|Circle: female|Black: deceased|Diagonal: cannot be displaced}}]]
''Absolute'', ''equal'', ''(full) cognatic'' or ''lineal primogeniture'' is a form of primogeniture in which sex is irrelevant for inheritance; the oldest surviving child without regard to sex inherits the throne. Mathematically this is a [[depth-first search]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Baccelli|first1=Francois|last2=Haji-Mirsadeghi|first2=Mir-Omid|last3=Khezeli|first3=Ali|editor-last=Sobieczky|editor-first=Florian|contribution=Eternal family trees and dynamics on unimodular random graphs|doi=10.1090/conm/719/14471|location=Providence, Rhode Island|mr=3880014|pages=85–127|publisher=American Mathematical Society|series=Contemporary Mathematics|title=Unimodularity in Randomly Generated Graphs: AMS Special Session, October 8–9, 2016, Denver, Colorado|volume=719|year=2018|arxiv=1608.05940 |isbn=978-1-4704-3914-9 |s2cid=119173820 }} See [https://books.google.com/books?id=7dV7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 Example 3.7, p. 93].</ref>

====History====
No monarchy implemented this form of primogeniture before 1980,<ref>[[Statens offentliga utredningar|SOU]] 1977:5 ''Kvinnlig tronföljd'', p. 16.</ref> when [[Sweden]] amended its [[Swedish Act of Succession|Act of Succession]] to adopt it in royal succession. This displaced [[Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden|King Carl XVI Gustaf]]'s infant son, [[Prince Carl Philip]], in favor of his elder daughter, [[Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden|Princess Victoria]]. Several monarchies have since followed suit: the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands|Netherlands]] in 1983, [[Norway]] in 1990 (not retroactively), [[Belgium]] in 1991, [[Denmark]] in 2009, [[Luxembourg]] in 2011. In 2011, the governments of the 16 [[Commonwealth realm]]s which had a common monarch—Elizabeth II at that date—announced the [[Perth Agreement]], a plan to legislate changes to absolute primogeniture.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Watt |first=Nicholas |date=28 October 2011 |access-date=28 October 2011 |title=Royal equality act will end succession of firstborn male – rather than older sister |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/oct/28/commonwealth-royalty-succession-change |archive-date=8 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808194451/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/oct/28/commonwealth-royalty-succession-change |url-status=live }}</ref> This came into effect with the necessary legislation on 26 March 2015. Other monarchies have considered changing to absolute primogeniture:
* With the birth of [[Infanta Leonor of Spain]] on 31 October 2005 to the then heir apparent [[Felipe VI of Spain|Felipe, Prince of Asturias]], and [[Queen Letizia of Spain|Princess Letizia]], the Spanish Prime Minister [[José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero]] reaffirmed the intention of the government to institute, by amendment of the Spanish constitution, absolute primogeniture. Zapatero's proposal was supported by the leader of the main opposition party, the conservative ''[[People's Party (Spain)|Partido Popular]]'', making its passage probable. However, Zapatero's administration ended before an amendment was drafted, and the succeeding governments have not pursued it. The Prince counseled reformers that there was plenty of time before any constitutional amendment would need to be enacted because the expectation was to leave him next in line to succeed his father despite his elder sisters' continued status as [[dynasty#Dynasts|dynasts]]; equal primogeniture was expected to apply first to his children. Felipe succeeded to the throne as Felipe VI upon his father's abdication in 2014, by which time he had two daughters. Felipe VI has no son that would, absent the constitutional amendment, displace Leonor as heir.
* In July 2006, the [[Kingdom of Nepal|Nepal]]ese government proposed adopting absolute primogeniture,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newkerala.com/news/|title=Live Latest News Headlines &#124; newkerala.com News Channel|website=newkerala.com|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114340/http://www.newkerala.com/nkfullnews-1-46116.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but the monarchy was [[Nepal|abolished]] in 2008 before the change could be effected.
* In [[Japan]], it has been debated whether or not to adopt absolute primogeniture, as [[Princess Aiko]] is the only child of [[Naruhito|Emperor Naruhito]]. However, the birth in 2006 of [[Prince Hisahito of Akishino|Prince Hisahito]], a son of [[Prince Akishino]] (the younger brother of Naruhito, and next in line to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]]) has suspended the debate.

[[Monaco]], the [[Netherlands]], and [[Norway]] also deviated from traditional primogeniture in the late 20th or early 21st century by restricting succession to the crown to relatives within a specified degree of [[kinship]] to the most recent monarch.