Editing Preterism (section)

===Partial preterism===
Partial preterism (often referred to as ''orthodox preterism'' or ''classical preterism'') may hold that most eschatological prophecies, such as the destruction of Jerusalem, the [[Antichrist]], the [[Great Tribulation]], and the advent of [[the Day of the Lord]] as a "judgment-coming" of Christ, were fulfilled either in [[Siege of Jerusalem (70)|AD 70]]<ref name= "PopEncyc">{{Citation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=yipXIHcteRsC&q=partial+preterism&pg=PA405 | title = The Popular Encyclopedia of Apologetics: Surveying the Evidence for the Truth of Christianity | page = 405 | editor1-last = Hindson | editor2-first = Ergun | editor2-last = Caner | publisher = Harvest House |date=May 2008| isbn = 9780736936354 }}.</ref> or during the persecution of Christians under the Emperor [[Nero]].{{Sfn | Cory | 2006 | p = [https://books.google.com/books?id=IzzAFl2ONfAC&pg=PA61  61]}}{{Sfn | Garrow | 1997 | p = [https://books.google.com/books?id=SkOg-tEYbR4C&pg=PA86  86]}}

Some partial preterists may believe that the [[Antichrist]], the [[Great Tribulation]], and the advent of [[the Day of the Lord]] as a "judgment-coming" of Christ, were not historically fulfilled.
[[File:Silver Denarius of Nero, Rome (MANTIS).jpg|thumb|Head of [[Nero]] on a silver [[denarius]]: [''The beast'']'' also forced all people, great and small, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hands or on their foreheads, so that they could not buy or sell unless they had the mark, which is the name of the beast or the number of its name.'']]
Some partial preterists identify "[[Babylon (New Testament)|Babylon the Great]]" (Revelation 17–18) with the pagan [[Roman Empire]], though some, such as [[N.T. Wright]], [[Scott Hahn]], [[Jimmy Akin]], [[David Chilton]], and [[Kenneth Gentry]] identify it with the city of [[Jerusalem in Christianity|Jerusalem]].<ref name="PopEncyc" /><ref>{{Citation | quote = Finally something must be said, despite its difficulties, concerning the book of Revelation. The above presentation adds some weight to the quite controversial thesis that the city which is to be destroyed (the great whore that has become drunk with the blood of the saints) is to be identified, not with Rome, but with Jerusalem. As with any interpretation of Revelation there are problems with this, but there are also some strong arguments in favour. | first = N. T. | last = Wright | author-link = N. T. Wright | url = http://ntwrightpage.com/files/2016/05/Wright_Jerusalem_New_Testament.pdf | title = Jerusalem in the New Testament | year = 1994 | access-date = 2017-04-26 | archive-date = 2017-04-27 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170427003600/http://ntwrightpage.com/files/2016/05/Wright_Jerusalem_New_Testament.pdf | url-status = dead }}.</ref> Most interpretations identify [[The Beast (preterism)|Nero as the Beast]],<ref name="Cory, 61">{{harvnb|Cory|2006|p = 61}}</ref>{{Sfn |Garrow|1997|p=86}}<ref>{{cite book| title= The Catholic youth Bible: New American Bible including the revised Psalms and the revised New Testament, translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources |year= 2005|publisher= [[Saint Mary's Press]]|location= Winona, MN |isbn= 978-0-88489-798-9 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SnORJqkR7qsC&pg=RA7-PT1423|edition= rev}}</ref><ref name="just">{{cite web | first = Felix |last= Just |url= http://catholic-resources.org/Bible/666.htm#Academic |title= 666: The Number of the Beast | publisher = Catholic resources | date = 2002-02-02 |access-date=2006-06-06 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last = Hillers |first=DR |title=Revelation 13:18 and a Scroll from Murabba'at |journal=[[Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research]] |volume=170 |year=1963 |page=65 es |doi=10.2307/1355990|jstor=1355990|issue=170 |s2cid=163790686 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = The New Jerome Biblical Commentary | editor1-first = Raymond E | editor1-last = Brown | editor2-first = Joseph A | editor2-last = Fitzmyer | editor3-first = Roland E | editor3-last = Murphy | place = Englewood Cliffs, NJ | publisher = Prentice-Hall | year = 1990 | page = 1009}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = Some Recently Published NT Papyri from Oxyrhynchus: An Overview and Preliminary Assessment | first = Peter M | last = Head | journal = [[Tyndale Bulletin]] | volume = 51 | year = 2000 | pages = 1–16 | place = [[United Kingdom|UK]] | publisher = CAM | doi = 10.53751/001c.30281 | s2cid = 69099150 | doi-access = free }}.</ref>{{Efn | Whose name, written in Aramaic, can be valued at 666, using the Hebrew numerology of [[gematria]]), a manner of speaking against the emperor without the Roman authorities knowing. Also "Nero Caesar" in the [[Hebrew alphabet]] is נרון קסר ''NRWN QSR'', which when [[Hebrew alphabet#Numeric values of letters|used as numbers]] represent 50 200 6 50 100 60 200, which add to 666. The Greek term χάραγμα (''charagma'', "mark" in Revelation 13:16) was most commonly used for imprints on documents or coins.{{Citation needed | date = December 2013}}}} while [[Number of the beast|his mark]] is often interpreted as the stamped image of the emperor's head on every coin of the Roman Empire: the stamp on the hand or in the mind of all, without which no one could buy or sell.<ref name="spilsbury2002">{{Citation | first = Paul | last = Spilsbury | year = 2002 | title = The throne, the lamb & the dragon: A Reader's Guide to the Book of Revelation | publisher = InterVarsity Press | page = 99}}.</ref> Another partial preterist view regards first and second century events as recurrent patterns with Nero and Bar Kochba presented as archetypes. There is evidence that the epithet of [[Bar Kochba]] is a play on the Hebrew ''Shema'' with the value equating to the gematria value of 666. The pun on his patronymic equates to the variant reading 616.<ref>"Scholars have noted that the Greek form of Neron Caesar transliterated into Hebrew characters is equivalent to 666 and the Latin form of Nero Caesar transliterated into Hebrew script is equivalent to the variant 616. Similarly the ''Shema'' of Bar Kochba is 666 and his patronymic that was modified in order to reflect his true nature (that of a deceiver/liar/false messiah)". P. Wyns, The Shema and Bar Kochba: the false messiah and 666, (Biblaridion media, March 2018), p.9</ref> However, others believe the Book of Revelation was written after Nero's suicide in AD 68, and identify the [[The Beast (Revelation)|Beast]] with another emperor. The ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' states that Revelation was "written during the latter part of the reign of the Roman Emperor [[Domitian]], probably in AD 95 or 96".<ref>{{Citation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vJ78Vd4O9d4C&q=book+of+Revelation+95+catholic&pg=PA861 | publisher = Our Sunday Visitor | title = Catholic Encyclopedia | year = 1979 | page = 861 | isbn = 9780879736699 }}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref>  Many Protestant scholars agree.<ref>{{Citation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=U-BT7qW6mVAC&q=book+of+Revelation+written+after&pg=PA126 | title = Understanding Bible Prophecy for Yourself | first = Tim | last = LaHaye | date = August 2009 | author-link = Tim LaHaye | page = 126| isbn = 9780736934022 }}.</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gZq2HjvC0_wC&q=book+of+Revelation+written+after&pg=PA118 | title = Hegel's grand synthesis: a study of being, thought, and history | first = Daniel | last = Berthold-Bond | date = January 1989 | page = 118 | isbn = 9780887069550 | quote = notes in consensus that Revelation was written around 95 AD}}.</ref> The [[Second Coming]], [[resurrection of the dead]], and [[Final Judgment]] however, have not yet occurred in the partial preterist system.<ref>{{Citation | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=oMq5m_3hYoEC&q=partial+preterism&pg=PA232 | title = The Popular Dictionary of Bible Prophecy | page = 232 | first = Ron | last = Rhodes | publisher = Harvest House |date=Feb 2010| isbn = 9780736937504 }}.</ref>