Editing Portugal (section)

=== Prehistory ===
{{Main|Prehistoric Iberia}}
The region has been inhabited by humans since circa 400,000 years ago, when [[Homo heidelbergensis]] entered the area. The oldest human fossil found in Portugal is the 400,000-year-old ''[[Aroeira 3]]'' ''H. Heidelbergensis'' skull discovered in the [[Cave of Aroeira]] in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://phys.org/news/2017-03-year-old-fossil-human-cranium-oldest.html|title=400,000-year-old fossil human cranium is oldest ever found in Portugal|website=phys.org|access-date=14 April 2018|archive-date=16 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816022236/https://phys.org/news/2017-03-year-old-fossil-human-cranium-oldest.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Later [[Neanderthal]]s roamed the northern Iberian peninsula and a tooth has been found at Nova da Columbeira cave in [[Estremadura Province (1936–76)|Estremadura]].<ref name="Birmp1">David Birmingham (2003), p.11</ref> [[Homo sapiens sapiens]] arrived in Portugal around 35,000 years ago and spread rapidly.<ref>{{harvp|Disney|2009|p=5}}</ref> Pre-Celtic tribes inhabited Portugal. The [[Cynetes]] developed a written language, leaving [[stelae]], which are mainly found in the south.
[[File:Cromeleque dos Almendres - Southeast - 2.jpg|thumb|left|[[Almendres Cromlech]], the largest [[stone circle]] in the Iberian Peninsula.]]
Early in the first millennium BC, several waves of [[Celts]] arrived in Portugal from Central Europe and intermarried with the local populations to form several different ethnic groups. The [[Celts|Celtic]] presence is patent in archaeological and linguistic evidence. They dominated most of northern and central Portugal, while the south maintained its older character (believed non-Indo-European, likely related to [[Basque language|Basque]]) until the Roman conquest.<ref>{{harvp|Disney|2009|p=15}}</ref> In southern Portugal, some small, semi-permanent commercial coastal outposts were also founded by [[Phoenicia]]ns and [[Carthaginian Iberia|Carthaginians]].