Editing Pope Stephen IX (section)

===Travels===
As chancellor, Frederick's duties in preparing and issuing papal documents, especially bulls, required his constant attendance on the pope. He therefore followed Leo in various travels. He participated in the pope's southern journey from May to August 1052; he signed a bull at S. Germano on 20 May 1052, and on 1 July he was in [[Benevento]]. He attended Leo in his trip to Germany, where the pope met with [[Emperor Henry III]], and attempted to reconcile him with King [[Andrew I of Hungary]]; they were at Bamberg with the emperor, on 18 October, when Frederick signed a [[Papal bull|bull]], and spent Christmas in [[Worms, Germany|Worms]].<ref>U. Robert, pp. 8–9. Wattendorff, pp. 9–10.</ref> During their return journey, Bishop Peter of Le Puy was consecrated at Ravenna on 14 March 1053, and Chancellor Frederick signed the certificate of consecration.<ref>Wattendorff, p. 10.</ref>

The return from Germany had a purpose behind it. Along with Frederick came his brother Godefroy, and numerous troops. Pope Leo, who had negotiated an agreement with the Byzantine [[catepan of Italy]], [[Argyrus (catepan of Italy)|Argyros]], was planning a war against the Normans, which was launched in April 1053. Argyrus proved to be no help at all. The papal forces, filled with Germans, suffered a disastrous [[Battle of Civitate|defeat at Civitate]] in the [[Capitanata]] on 18 June 1053. The pope and his cardinals were driven out of their refuge in [[San Paolo di Civitate|Civitate]], and forced to sue for peace. They were seized by the Normans and conveyed to Benevento, where he was installed by 23 June. The pope remained in custody all winter, not setting out for Rome until 12 March 1054.<ref>Gregorovius, pp. 81–90. Jaffé, pp. 545, 548.</ref>

[[File:Humbert-Kerularij.jpg|thumb|left|Patriarch Michael enthroned, ''[[Madrid Skylitzes]]'']]
Frederick was with Leo throughout the campaign against the Normans until he was appointed to the embassy to Constantinople. On 28 May 1053, he was at the monastery of [[Montecassino]], on 10 June at Sale, and on 18 June at Civitate.<ref>Wattendorff, pp. 10–13. U. Robert, pp. 9–11.</ref>

In January 1054, the chancellor Frederick was appointed, along with Cardinal [[Humbert of Silva Candida]] and Archbishop Pietro of Amalfi, to a legation from Pope Leo IX to the Emperor [[Constantine Monomachos]].<ref>Kehr, ''Italia pontifica'' VIII, pp. 389–390. Archbishop Peter had abandoned Amalfi to the Normans, and was living at the papal court: "Romanus est omnino et ab Amalfitanis discedens familariter secum vivit iam paene anno integro." {{cite book|author=Pierre Paul Brucker|title=L'Alsace et l'Église au temps du pape saint Léon IX (Bruno d'Egisheim) 1002–1054|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oNtW1p8JC1cC|volume=Tome II|year=1889|publisher=F.-X. Le Roux et Cie|location=Strasbourg|language=French|pages=318–332}}</ref> Their purpose was to persuade the emperor to come to the aid of the pope, join forces with Henry III, and destroy the Normans.<ref>Gregorovius, p. 89.</ref> When the legates reached Constantinople, they were hospitably received by the emperor and stayed at the imperial palace for some time. Negotiations between them, Patriarch [[Michael Cerularius]] of Constantinople, and Archbishop [[Leo of Ohrid]], however, did not succeed. Pope Leo died during the negotiations, on 19 April 1054. On 16 July 1054, Cardinal Humbert placed the bull of excommunication of the patriarch and archbishop on the high altar of [[Hagia Sophia]]. Cardinal Frederick discharged the function of one of the three [[papal legate]]s participating in the events that led to the [[East-West Schism]].{{sfn|Siecienski|2010|p=}} When the legates announced their intended departure, the emperor bestowed upon them, in honor of their work, imperial gifts, as well as substantial gifts to the [[Holy See]].<ref>Watterich, p. 189. Leo Marsicanus, "Chronica Monasterii Cassinensis", Book II. 85, in: ''Monumenta Germaniae Historia Scriptorum Tomus VII'' (Hannover: Hahn 1846), p. 686: "Sed cum intra hos dies defuncto papa redire disponerent, imperialibus illos donis Monomachus honorifice munerans, beato quoque Petro per eosdeem dona non parva transmisit."</ref>