Editing Pope Clement IV (section)

===Acts===
[[File:Clemens – Registres de Clément 4., 1893-1945 – BEIC 13794071.jpg|thumb|Collection of writings by Clemens, published in Paris between 1893 and 1945<ref>{{cite book|title=Registres de Clément IV|publisher=Thorin & fils|location=Paris|year=1893–1945|language=fr|url=https://gutenberg.beic.it/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=13794071}}</ref>]]

In 1264, Clement IV renewed the prohibition of the [[Talmud]] promulgated by [[Pope Gregory IX|Gregory IX]], who had it publicly burnt in France and in Italy. Though Clement did not condemn to death at the stake those who harboured copies of it,<ref>As reported, for example in Arsene Damestetter, ''The Talmud'', 1897:94.</ref> and, responding to a denunciation of the Talmud by [[Pablo Christiani]],<ref>Shlomo Simonsohn, ''The Apostolic See and the Jews'' (Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies) 1991:311.</ref> he ordered that the Jews of the [[Crown of Aragon]] submit their books to Dominican censors for expurgation.<ref>{{cite book | first = William | last = Popper| title = The Censorship of Hebrew Books | pages = 13–14 | publisher=Knickerbocker Press | year = 1889}}.</ref>

In February 1265 Clement summoned [[Thomas Aquinas]] to Rome to serve as papal theologian.<ref>''A Biographical Study of the Angelic Doctor'', by Placid Conway, O.P., Longmans, Green and Co., 1911, Part III: Evening, Chapter VI - His Writings: Second Period, {{cite web |url=http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/stt03003.htm |title=Saint Thomas Aquinas, by Placid Conway, OP |access-date=2013-02-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130501085258/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/stt03003.htm |archive-date=May 1, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} Accessed October 27, 2012</ref>  It was during this period that Aquinas also served as [[regent master]] for the Dominicans at Rome.<ref>Acta Capitulorum Provincialium, Provinciae Romanae Ordinis Praedicatorum, 1265, n. 12, in Corpus Thomisticum, http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/a65.html Accessed 4-8-2011</ref>  With the arrival of Aquinas the existing ''studium conventuale'' at [[Santa Sabina]], which had been founded in 1222, was transformed into the Order's first ''studium provinciale'' featuring the study of philosophy (''studia philosophiae'') as prescribed by Aquinas and others at the chapter of [[Valenciennes]] in 1259, an intermediate school between the ''studium conventuale'' and the ''studium generale''. This ''studium'' was the forerunner of the 16th century College of Saint Thomas at [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]] and the [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas|Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum'']]. In 1266, after the [[Battle of Benevento]], Pope Clement IV conceded for gratitude his coat of arms to the [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|Guelph Party]] of [[Florence]] as official approval to their supremacy and therefore they could take power in many of the other northern Italian cities. In 1267–68 Clement engaged in correspondence with the Mongol [[Ilkhanate]] rule [[Abaqa]]. The latter proposed a [[Franco-Mongol alliance]] between his forces, those of the West, and the [[Byzantine emperor]] [[Michael VIII Palaeologos]] (Abaqa's father-in-law). Pope Clement welcomed Abaqa's proposal in a non-committal manner, but did inform him of an upcoming Crusade. In 1267, Pope Clement IV and King [[James I of Aragon]] sent an ambassador to the Mongol ruler Abaqa in the person of [[Jayme Alaric de Perpignan]].<ref>Runciman, p. 330–331</ref> In his 1267 letter written from Viterbo, the Pope wrote:

{{blockquote|The kings of France and [[Navarre]], taking to heart the situation in the [[Holy Land]], and decorated with the [[Christian cross|Holy Cross]], are readying themselves to attack the enemies of the Cross. You wrote to us that you wished to join your father-in-law (the Greek emperor [[Michael VIII Palaiologos]]) to assist the Latins. We abundantly praise you for this, but we cannot tell you yet, before having asked to the rulers, what road they are planning to follow. We will transmit to them your advice, so as to enlighten their deliberations, and will inform your Magnificence, through a secure message, of what will have been decided.<ref>Quoted in Grousset, p. 644</ref>}}

Although Clement's successors continued to engage in diplomatic contacts with the Mongols for the rest of the century, they were never able to coordinate an actual alliance.<ref name=atwood-583>"Despite numerous envoys and the obvious logic of an alliance against mutual enemies, the papacy and the Crusaders never achieved the often-proposed alliance against Islam". Atwood, "Western Europe and the Mongol Empire" ''Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire'', p. 583</ref>