Editing Political correctness (section)

===1970s===
{{Main|New Left}}
In the 1970s, the American [[New Left]] began using the term ''politically correct''.<ref name="Perry-1992a">Ruth Perry, (1992), "A Short History of the Term 'Politically Correct'", in ''Beyond PC: Toward a Politics of Understanding'', by Patricia Aufderheide, 1992, {{ISBN|978-1555971649}}</ref> In the essay ''The Black Woman: An Anthology'' (1970), [[Toni Cade Bambara]] said that "a man cannot be politically correct and a [[chauvinism#Male chauvinism|[male] chauvinist]], too". [[William Safire]] records this as the first use in the typical modern sense.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Safire |first1=William |url=https://archive.org/details/safirespolitical00safi |title=Safire's political dictionary |date=2008 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0195343342 |edition=Rev. |location=New York [u.a.] |author-link=William Safire |url-access=registration}}</ref> The term ''political correctness'' was believed to have been revived by the New Left through familiarity in the West with [[Mao's Little Red Book]], in which [[Mao Zedong|Mao]] stressed holding to the correct party line. The term rapidly began to be used by the New Left in an ironic or self-deprecating sense.<ref>{{cite book |last= Hughes |first= Geoffrey|date=2011 |title=Political Correctness A History of Semantics and Culture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zzw9WabmmVwC&dq=political+correctness+communist+party&pg=PT49 |publisher= Wiley |isbn=9781444360295}}</ref>

Thereafter, the term was often used as self-critical [[satire]]. Debra L. Shultz said that "throughout the 1970s and 1980s, the New Left, [[feminists]], and [[Progressivism in the United States|progressives]]... used their term 'politically correct' ironically, as a guard against their own orthodoxy in social change efforts".<ref name="Schultz-1993a">{{Cite book |first=Debra L. |last=Schultz |year=1993 |title=To Reclaim a Legacy of Diversity: Analyzing the 'Political Correctness' Debates in Higher Education |location=New York |publisher=National Council for Research on Women |isbn=978-1880547137 |url=http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED364170.pdf |access-date=28 March 2016 |archive-date=10 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310085256/http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED364170.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Perry-1992a"/><ref name=SchultzPerry/> ''PC'' is used in the comic book ''Merton of the Movement'', by [[Bobby London]], which was followed by the term ''ideologically sound'', in the comic strips of [[Bart Dickon]].<ref name="Perry-1992a" /><ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.inthesetimes.com/article/3027/a_politically_correct_lexicon/ |title=A Politically Correct Lexicon |journal=[[In These Times (publication)|In These Times]] |first=Joel |last=Bleifuss |date=February 2007 |access-date=20 March 2010 |archive-date=29 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629085359/http://inthesetimes.com/article/3027/a_politically_correct_lexicon/ }}</ref> In her essay "Toward a feminist Revolution" (1992) [[Ellen Willis]] said, "In the early eighties, when feminists used the term 'political correctness', it was used to refer sarcastically to the [[anti-pornography movement]]'s efforts to define a 'feminist sexuality'."<ref name="willis">[[Ellen Willis|Willis, Ellen]]. "Toward a Feminist Revolution", in ''No More Nice Girls: Countercultural Essays'' (1992) [[Wesleyan University Press]], {{ISBN|081955250X}}, p. 19.</ref>

[[Stuart Hall (cultural theorist)|Stuart Hall]] suggests one way in which the original use of the term may have developed into the modern one:
{{blockquote|According to one version, political correctness actually began as an in-joke on the left: radical students on American campuses acting out an ironic replay of the Bad Old Days BS (Before the Sixties) when every revolutionary groupuscule had a party line about everything. They would address some glaring examples of sexist or racist behaviour by their fellow students in imitation of the tone of voice of the Red Guards or Cultural Revolution Commissar: "Not very 'politically correct', Comrade!"<ref name=Hall>{{cite web |first=Stuart |last=Hall |author-link=Stuart Hall (cultural theorist) |year=1994 |url=http://www.ram-wan.net/restrepo/hall/some%20politically%20incorrect%20pathways.pdf |title=Some 'Politically Incorrect' Pathways Through PC |work=S. Dunant (ed.) The War of the Words: The Political Correctness Debate |pages=164–84 |access-date=30 May 2013 |archive-date=19 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719135226/https://www.ram-wan.net/restrepo/hall/some%20politically%20incorrect%20pathways.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>}}