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===Industrial growth=== The {{convert|77|ft|4=-high|adj=mid}} Great Falls and a system of water raceways that harnessed the falls' power provided power for the mills in the area until 1914 and fostered growth of the city.<ref>Narvaez, Alfonso A. [https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/30/nyregion/historic-power-plant-reborn-at-the-great-falls-in-paterson.html "Historic Power Plant Reborn At The Great Falls In Paterson"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', June 30, 1987. Accessed April 18, 2012.</ref> The district originally included dozens of mill buildings and other manufacturing structures associated with the textile industry and, later, the firearms, silk, and [[railroad locomotive]] manufacturing industries. In the latter half of the 19th century, silk production became the dominant industry and formed the basis of Paterson's most prosperous period, earning it the nickname "Silk City."<ref>[http://www.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/102paterson/102paterson.htm Paterson, New Jersey:America's Silk City], [[National Park Service]]. Accessed April 18, 2012. "These mills manufactured many things during the long history of this industrial city—cotton textiles, steam locomotives, Colt revolvers, and aircraft engines. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, they produced silk fabrics in such quantities that Paterson was known as 'Silk City.'"</ref> In 1835, Samuel Colt began producing firearms in Paterson, but within a few years he moved his business to [[Hartford, Connecticut]]. Later in the 19th century, Paterson was the site of early experiments with submarines by Irish-American inventor [[John Philip Holland]]. Two of Holland's early models—one found at the bottom of the Passaic River—are on display in the [[Paterson Museum]], housed in the former [[Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works]] near the Passaic Falls.<ref>Sachs, Andrea. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/05/AR2010080502984.html "Escapes: Paterson, N.J.'s Great Falls is an urban oasis with depth"], ''[[Washington Post]]'', August 6, 2010. Accessed April 18, 2012. "The museum, for example, owns the first two submersibles built by John Philip Holland, the Father of the Modern Submarine, and 30 of the rare Colt Paterson firearms (1837–42), the third-largest collection in the world."</ref> Behind Newark and New York, the brewing industry was booming in Paterson in the late 1800s. Braun Brewery, Sprattler & Mennell, Graham Brewery, The Katz Brothers, and Burton Brewery merged in 1890 to form [[Paterson Consolidated Brewing Company]]. [[Hinchliffe Brewing|Hinchliffe Brewing and Malting Company]], founded in 1861, produced 75,000 barrels a year from its state-of-the-art facility at 63 Governor Street. All the breweries closed during [[Prohibition]].<ref>[https://www.patersonnj.gov/egov/apps/document/center.egov?view=item&id=938 Hinchliffe Brewery], City of Paterson. Accessed July 26, 2023. "The brewing industry in Paterson was soon thereafter crippled and dissolved by the Temperance movement and prohibition era of the 1920-30s."</ref> The city was a mecca for immigrant laborers, who worked in its factories, particularly Italian weavers from the Naples region. Paterson was the site of historic labor unrest that focused on the six-month-long [[Paterson silk strike of 1913]] that demanded the [[eight-hour day]] and better working conditions. It was defeated, with workers returning at the end of the strike without having negotiated any changes.<ref>Worth-Baker, Marcia. [https://njmonthly.com/articles/jersey-living/striking-out/ "Striking Out: Paterson’s Famous Labor Dispute"], ''[[New Jersey Monthly]]'', January 17, 2013. Accessed July 26, 2023. "The workers’ key demands: an eight-hour day and improved working conditions, including a return to the two-loom system.... One by one, the silk mills began to spin again without significant concessions from the owners. In the end, Steiger wrote, the strike was 'one of the most bitterly contested and wasteful contests in the history of the industries of this nation.'"</ref> In 1919, Paterson was one of eight locations bombed by self-identified anarchists.<ref>Salerno, Salvatore. [http://libcom.org/history/patersons-italian-anarchist-silk-workers-politics-race-salvatore-salerno "Paterson's Italian Anarchist Silk Workers and the Politics of Race by Salvatore Salerno"], libcom.org, February 5, 2011. Accessed November 28, 2011.</ref> <gallery widths="200px" heights="144px"> File:Paterson NJ 1880.jpg|A view of Paterson {{circa| 1880}} File:Paterson, New Jersey ca. 1911 (cropped).jpg|The central business district of Paterson at the intersection of Market and Main Streets, 1911 </gallery>
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