Editing Pamphylia (section)

== History ==

During the [[Late Bronze Age]], the region was on the western edge of the [[Hittite Empire|Hittite]] sphere of influence. A treaty between the Hittite king [[Tudḫaliya IV]] and his vassal, the king of [[Tarḫuntašša]], defined the latter's western border at the city [[Parha]] in later Pamphylia and the [[Aksu_River_(Turkey)|Kastaraya River]].<ref>{{cite book|author=G. Beckman| title=Hittite diplomatic texts |location= Atlanta | year=1996}}, no. 18C</ref>  West of Parha were the [[Lukka lands]].<ref>{{cite journal | journal=British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan |volume=14 | title=The Arzawa letters in recent perspective |author=J. David Hawkins | year=2009 |pages=73–83}}, 75</ref>

In the historical era, the region's population spoke [[Pamphylian Greek|Pamphylian]], an idiosyncratic dialect of [[Ancient Greek language|Greek]] seemingly influenced by [[Anatolian languages]] spoken nearby. On Cyrus's defeat of Croesus, Pamphylia passed to the Persian Empire. Darius included it in his first tax-district alongside Lycia, Magnesia, Ionia, Aeolia, Mysia, and Caria.<ref>{{cite book| title=Histories | url=https://archive.org/details/histories00hero_1 |author=Herodotus| year=1907 }}</ref> At some point between 468 and 465 BC, the Athenians under Cimon fought the Persians at the [[Battle of the Eurymedon|Eurymedon]], and won; thus adding Pamphylia to their "Delian League" empire. Toward the end of the [[Peloponnesian War]], the Athenians were weakened enough that the Persians were able to retake it.<ref>Jona Lendering - Livius.org, https://www.livius.org/articles/place/pamphylia/?</ref>

Upon [[Alexander the Great]]'s defeat of [[Darius III]], Pamphylia passed back to Greek rule, now Macedonians. After the defeat of [[Antiochus III the Great|Antiochus III]] in 190 BC they were included among the provinces annexed by the Romans to the dominions of [[Eumenes of Pergamum]]; but somewhat later they joined with the Pisidians and Cilicians in piratical ravages, and [[Side, Turkey|Side]] became the chief centre and slave mart of these freebooters. Pamphylia was for a short time included in the dominions of [[Amyntas of Galatia|Amyntas]], king of [[Galatia]], but after his death lapsed into a district of a Roman province.<ref name=EB1911/>

As of 1911, the district was largely peopled with recently settled Ottoman Muslims from Greece, Crete, and the Balkans, as a result of the long-term consequences of the [[Congress of Berlin]] and the collapse of the [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name=EB1911/>
[[File:PAMPHYLIA, Aspendos. Circa 465-430 BC.jpg|thumb|Coin of [[Aspendos]], Pamphylia, circa 465-430 BC]]