Editing Ornithine (section)

==Research==
===Exercise fatigue===
<small>L</small>-Ornithine supplementation has been shown to attenuate fatigue in subjects in placebo-controlled studies using a cycle ergometer. The results suggest that <small>L</small>-ornithine may exert an antifatigue effect by increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sugino T, Shirai T, Kajimoto Y, Kajimoto O |title=L-ornithine supplementation attenuates physical fatigue in healthy volunteers by modulating lipid and amino acid metabolism |journal=Nutrition Research |volume=28 |issue=11 |pages=738–743 |date=November 2008 |pmid=19083482 |doi=10.1016/j.nutres.2008.08.008}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Demura S, Yamada T, Yamaji S, Komatsu M, Morishita K |title=The effect of L-ornithine hydrochloride ingestion on performance during incremental exhaustive ergometer bicycle exercise and ammonia metabolism during and after exercise |journal=European Journal of Clinical Nutrition |volume=64 |issue=10 |pages=1166–1171 |date=October 2010 |pmid=20717126 |doi=10.1038/ejcn.2010.149 |doi-access=free |hdl=2297/25434 |hdl-access=free}}</ref>

===Weightlifting supplement===
Amino acid supplements, including <small>L</small>-ornithine, are frequently marketed to bodybuilders and weightlifters with claims of increasing levels of [[human growth hormone]] (HGH), muscle mass, and strength. A short, four-day clinical study conducted in 1993 reported that <small>L</small>-ornithine, in combination with <small>L</small>-arginine and <small>L</small>-lysine at 2 g/day each, did not increase HGH levels.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fogelholm GM, Näveri HK, Kiilavuori KT, Härkönen MH |title=Low-dose amino acid supplementation: no effects on serum human growth hormone and insulin in male weightlifters |journal=International Journal of Sport Nutrition |volume=3 |issue=3 |pages=290–297 |date=September 1993 |pmid=8220394 |doi=10.1123/ijsn.3.3.290}}</ref> A review published in 2002 concluded, "The use of specific amino acids to stimulate GH release by athletes is not recommended."<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chromiak JA, Antonio J |title=Use of amino acids as growth hormone-releasing agents by athletes |journal=Nutrition |volume=18 |issue=7–8 |pages=657–661 |year=2002 |pmid=12093449 |doi=10.1016/s0899-9007(02)00807-9}}</ref>

===Cirrhosis===
[[Hepatic encephalopathy#L-ornithine and L-aspartate|<small>L</small>-ornithine <small>L</small>-aspartate]] (LOLA), a stable salt of ornithine and aspartic acid, has been used in the treatment of [[cirrhosis]]<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sikorska H, Cianciara J, Wiercińska-Drapało A |title=Physiological functions of L-ornithine and L-aspartate in the body and the efficacy of administration of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in conditions of relative deficiency |journal=Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski |volume=28 |issue=168 |pages=490–495 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20642112 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/45273344 |language=pl |via=ResearchGate |access-date=10 March 2025}}</ref> and [[hepatic encephalopathy]].<ref name="pmid30706425">{{cite journal |vauthors=Butterworth R, McPhail M |title=L-Ornithine L-Aspartate (LOLA) for Hepatic Encephalopathy in Cirrhosis: Results of Randomized Controlled Trials and Meta-Analyses |journal=Drugs |volume=79 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=31–37 |date=February 2019 |pmid=30706425 |pmc=6416237 |doi=10.1007/s40265-018-1024-1 |doi-access=free}}</ref>