Editing Olympia (Paris) (section)

===Opening and early years===
On 12 April 1893, the 2,000 capacity venue named L'Olympia was inaugurated as the first Parisian [[music hall]], featuring [[Acrobatics|acrobats]], [[Cross-dressing|cross-dressers]], and a [[can-can]] dance performance of [[La Goulue]].<ref name=":3">{{cite news |last=Pouplain |first=Catherine |date=30 December 2003 |title=L'Olympia: 50 ans ou 111 ans? |trans-title=The Olympia: 50 years or 111 years? |url=https://musique.rfi.fr/musique/20031230-lolympia-50-ans-111-ans |url-status=live |language=fr |work=[[Radio France Internationale]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210515161556/https://musique.rfi.fr/musique/20031230-lolympia-50-ans-111-ans%23artistique |archive-date=15 May 2021 |access-date=15 May 2021 }}</ref><ref name="Benabs2019"/><ref name=":15"/> The Olympia's gala opening reception drew Paris' wealthiest, the aristocratic, and powerful people.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|pages=43, 44}} Admission was restricted to a chosen few, the prince–princess, [[baron]]–baroness, and [[count]].{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|pages=43, 44}} It also featured the [[Charles de Morny, Duke of Morny|Duke of Morny]] and figures from the sporting-club, [[Aristide Bruant|Le Mirliton]] [[cabaret]], and the [[Jockey-Club de Paris|jockey-club]] of the ''[[Rue Royale, Paris|rue Royale]]''.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|pages=43, 44}}

In a city that only had ''[[Café-chantant|cafés-concerts]]'', the Olympia with its spacious hall attracted all Parisians enjoying [[Ventriloquism|ventriloquists]], [[juggler]] acts, and numerous ballets and [[revue]]s.<ref name="Chapuis2004">{{cite news |last=Chapuis |first=Dominique |date=4 February 2004 |title=Pierre Philippe: Aujourd'hui, les maisons de disques font la loi |trans-title=Pierre Philippe: Today, record companies are the law |url=https://www.lesechos.fr/2004/02/pierre-philippe-aujourdhui-les-maisons-de-disques-font-la-loi-629577 |url-status=live |language=fr |work=[[Les Echos (France)|Les Echos]] |archive-url=https://archive.today/20210516183841/https://www.lesechos.fr/2004/02/pierre-philippe-aujourdhui-les-maisons-de-disques-font-la-loi-629577 |archive-date=16 May 2021 |access-date=16 May 2021 |url-access=registration}}</ref> The music hall staged [[operetta]]s and also [[pantomime]]s.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} [[Loie Fuller]], La Goulue, [[Leopoldo Fregoli]],<ref name="Goldemberg"/> [[Dranem]], Ouvrard, and [[Mistinguett]] were regularly billed at the venue.<ref name=":15"/> The Olympia was a "first-class theater", although it retained the colloquial atmosphere of the ''cafés-concerts'' in its large surface area divided into two themes, concert, and theater.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} To differentiate itself from the [[Folies Bergère]], the Olympia imposed itself a different scheduling system by presenting its new ballet creations over a duration of weeks rather than months, alternating with the oldest ones revamped.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} The ''[[ballet blanc]]'' was the first Olympia's ballet.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} The venue demonstrated the dominance of the [[Striptease#French tradition|striptease]] pantomime ''[[Le Coucher de la Mariée]]'', which became the "longest-running and most profitable show in the 1890s".{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} Along with the Folies Bergère, the Olympia scheduled appearances by some "stars" such as [[La Belle Otero]], [[Émilienne d'Alençon]], and [[Liane de Pougy]].{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}}

In 1895, Oller, overflowing with activities, opened a museum of [[wax]]'s [[mannequin]]s in the basements of the Olympia, representing a visual history of the world from the [[Passion of Jesus|Passion of Christ]] to the [[French Revolution]], until the modernity of that time.<ref name="Pessis2003"/>

However, in 1896, Oller found no more challenge in his multiple projects, and boredom took over.{{sfn|Gutsche-Miller|2015|p=28}} He named [[Conducting|chief conductor]] Oscar de Lagoanaire as director of the music hall, which became a business failure.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cerdan |first=Francis |date=2020 |title=Hommage à Robert Jammes |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFzUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1203 |language=fr |publisher=Presses universitaires du Midi |location=[[Toulouse]] |page=1203 |isbn=978-2-8107-0814-7 |quote= See: first three sentences. }}</ref><ref name=":3"/> That same year, the screenings of the first films of the [[Auguste and Louis Lumière|Lumière brothers]] were scheduled, which were new technologies at that time.<ref name=":15"/>