Editing October 27 (section)

===1601–1900===
*[[1644]] &ndash; [[Second Battle of Newbury]] in the English Civil War.
*[[1674]] &ndash; The French garrison in [[Grave, Netherlands|Grave]] surrenders the town to a Dutch army after [[Siege of Grave (1674)|a difficult siege]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laguette |first1=J. A. |date=1974 |title=Beleg en herovering van Grave in 1674|url=https://www.militairespectator.nl/sites/default/files/bestanden/uitgaven/1918/1974/1974-0547-01-0157.PDF|journal=Militaire Spectator |pages=547–556|language=Dutch}}</ref>
*[[1682]] &ndash; [[Philadelphia]] is founded in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
*[[1775]] &ndash; [[George III|King George III]] expands on his [[Proclamation of Rebellion]] in the Thirteen Colonies in his speech from the throne at the opening of Parliament.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/amrev/shots/address.html| title = Proclamation of Rebellion| website = [[Library of Congress]]}}</ref>
*[[1795]] &ndash; The United States and Spain sign the [[Treaty of Madrid (1795)|Treaty of Madrid]], which establishes the boundaries between Spanish colonies and the U.S.
*[[1806]] &ndash; The French Army under Napoleon [[Fall of Berlin (1806)|enters Berlin]] following the Prussian defeat at the [[Battle of Jena–Auerstedt]].
*[[1810]] &ndash; United States annexes the former Spanish colony of [[West Florida]].
*[[1838]] &ndash; Missouri governor [[Lilburn Boggs]] issues the [[Extermination Order (Mormonism)|Extermination Order]], which orders all Mormons to leave the state or be killed.
*[[1863]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] forces led by General [[William Farrar Smith|William F. Smith]] defeat [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] forces in the [[Battle of Brown's Ferry]], opening up a [[Military supply-chain management|supply line]] to the [[Chattanooga campaign|besieged]] city of [[Chattanooga, Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Fight at Brown's Ferry|url=https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/fight-browns-ferry|publisher=American Battlefield Trust|website=Battlefields.org|access-date=October 29, 2024}}</ref>
*[[1870]] &ndash; Franco-Prussian War: Marshal Bazaine surrenders to Prussian forces at the conclusion of the [[Siege of Metz (1870)|Siege of Metz]] along with 140,000 French soldiers.