Editing November 20 (section)

===1601–1900===
*[[1695]] &ndash; [[Zumbi]], the last of the leaders of [[Quilombo dos Palmares]] in early Brazil, is [[Black Awareness Day|executed]] by the forces of Portuguese bandeirante [[Domingos Jorge Velho]].
*[[1739]] &ndash; Start of the [[Battle of Porto Bello (1739)|Battle of Porto Bello]] between British and Spanish forces during the [[War of Jenkins' Ear]].
*[[1776]] &ndash; [[American Revolutionary War]]: British forces land at [[The Palisades (Hudson River)|the Palisades]] and then attack [[Battle of Fort Lee|Fort Lee]]. The [[Continental Army]] starts to retreat across [[New Jersey]].
*[[1789]] &ndash; [[New Jersey]] becomes the first U.S. state to ratify the [[United States Bill of Rights|Bill of Rights]].
*[[1805]] &ndash; [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]]'s only opera, ''[[Fidelio]]'', premieres in [[Vienna]].
*[[1815]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Paris (1815)|Second Treaty of Paris]] is signed, returning the French frontiers to their 1790 extent, imposing large indemnities, and prolonging the occupation by troops of Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia for several more years.<ref>Michael G. Fry, Erik Goldstein and Richard Langhorne, ''Guide to International Relations and Diplomacy'', "The Congress and Concert of Europe, 1814–1830" p. 118.</ref>
*[[1820]] &ndash; An 80-ton [[sperm whale]] attacks and sinks the ''[[Essex (1799 whaleship)|Essex]]'' (a [[whaling]] ship from [[Nantucket, Massachusetts]]) {{convert|2000|mi|km|order=flip}} from the western coast of South America. ([[Herman Melville]]'s 1851 novel ''[[Moby-Dick]]'' was in part inspired by this incident.)
*[[1845]] &ndash; [[Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata]]: [[Battle of Vuelta de Obligado]].
*[[1861]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: A secession ordinance is filed by [[Kentucky]]'s Confederate government.
*[[1873]] &ndash; [[Garnier Expedition]]: [[Third French Republic|French]] forces under Lieutenant [[Francis Garnier]] [[Battle of Hanoi (1873)|captured]] [[Hanoi]] from the [[Nguyễn dynasty|Vietnamese]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Dubois | first=Marcel | title=Les colonies françaises. 1, Un siècle d'expansion coloniale | year=1900 |page=833 }}</ref>
*[[1900]] &ndash; The French actress [[Sarah Bernhardt]] receives the press at the Savoy Hotel in New York at the outset of her first visit since 1896. She talked about her impending tour with a troupe of more than 50 performers and her plans to play the title role in ''[[Hamlet]]''.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Legrand|title=Chronicle of the 20th Century|publisher=Ecam Publication|year=1987|page=21|isbn=0-942191-01-3}}</ref>