Editing Normative ethics (section)

=== Deontological ethics ===
{{Main|Deontological ethics}}
[[Deontology]] argues that decisions should be made considering the factors of one's duties and one's rights. Some deontological theories include:

* [[Immanuel Kant]]'s [[categorical imperative]], which roots morality in humanity's rational capacity and asserts certain inviolable moral laws.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Johnson |first1=Robert |title=Kant's Moral Philosophy |date=2022 |encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |editor-last=Zalta |editor-first=Edward N. |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2022/entries/kant-moral/ |access-date=2024-03-12 |edition=Fall 2022 |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |last2=Cureton |first2=Adam |editor2-last=Nodelman |editor2-first=Uri}}</ref>
* The [[contractualism]] of [[John Rawls]], which holds that the moral acts are those that we would all agree to if we were unbiased, behind a "[[veil of ignorance]]."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rawls |first=John |title=A theory of justice |date=1999 |publisher=Belknap Press of Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-00077-3 |edition=Rev. |location=Cambridge, Mass}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Martin |first=Douglas |date=2002-11-26 |title=John Rawls, Theorist on Justice, Is Dead at 82 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/11/26/us/john-rawls-theorist-on-justice-is-dead-at-82.html |access-date=2024-03-12 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* [[Natural rights]] theories, such that of [[John Locke]] or [[Robert Nozick]], which hold that human beings have absolute, natural rights.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Paul |first1=Ellen Frankel |title=Natural rights liberalism from Locke to Nozick |last2=Miller |first2=Fred Dycus |last3=Paul |first3=Jeffrey |date=2006 |publisher=Cambridge university press |isbn=978-0-521-61514-3 |location=Cambridge}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Heyman |first=Steven |date=2018-03-01 |title=The Light of Nature: John Locke, Natural Rights, and the Origins of American Religious Liberty |url=https://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol101/iss3/4 |journal=Marquette Law Review |volume=101 |issue=3 |pages=705}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Scanlon |first=Thomas |date=1976 |title=Nozick on Rights, Liberty, and Property |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2265059 |journal=Philosophy & Public Affairs |volume=6 |issue=1 |pages=3–25 |jstor=2265059 |issn=0048-3915}}</ref>