Editing Nomenklatura (section)

== China's nomenklatura ==
{{main|Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party}}
China adopted the ''nomenklatura'' system from the Soviet Union in the 1960s and is still using this system of governance to this day. According to scholar Hon Chan, it establishes China's "party and governmental leadership" and is a "key instrument of Communist Party control."<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Chan |first=Hon S. |date=September 2004 |title=Cadre Personnel Management in China: The Nomenklatura System, 1990–1998 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0305741004000554/type/journal_article |journal=The China Quarterly |language=en |volume=179 |pages=703–734 |doi=10.1017/S0305741004000554 |issn=0305-7410}}</ref> For China, it is not just [[Chinese Communist Party|the party]] that ''nomenklatura'' has control over but "the government, judicial system, schools, and universities, enterprises, research establishments, religious organizations, museums, libraries, hospitals"<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Lieberthal |first=Kenneth |title=Governing China: from revolution through reform |date=2004 |publisher=W. W. Norton |isbn=978-0-393-92492-3 |edition=2nd |location=New York}}</ref> are all things that fall under the domain as well. Despite there being "elected" officials, "''all'' positions of real importance fall under the CCP’s ''nomenklatura''."<ref name=":0" /> The [[Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party|cadres]] higher up on the political ladder were able to control those under them. John Burns, a scholar of China's Nomenklatura, highlights the different classes inside the party. Level "A" is the highest level of cadres, including heads of party central departments. Level "B" consisted of the lesser ranked officials. In 1983 a plan was presented to decentralize the control that personnel management had. The authorities suggested to halve the number of cadres from 13,000 to 7,000.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |title=The Chinese Communist Party's Nomenklatura system: a documentary study of party control of leadership selection, 1979-1984 |date=1989 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |isbn=978-0-87332-566-0 |editor-last=Burns |editor-first=John P. |series=Chinese studies on China |location=Armonk, N.Y}}</ref> The [[Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Central Committee]], who previously had control over the majority of posts, was drastically reduced in its areas of management. It had previously controlled all high-level appointments and ensured party control over critical positions in government. The aim of this reform was to redistribute power to the lower levels and to make personnel management more efficient.<ref name=":0" /> Since 1984, the Central Committee's control over appointments has been divided into two lists:

# The "Job Title List of Cadres Managed by the Party Central Committee," including about 5,000 senior positions requiring Central Committee approval for appointments and removals.
# The "List of Cadre Positions to be Reported to the Party Central Committee," including tens of thousands of slightly lower-level positions that must be reported to the Central Committee.<ref name=":1" />