Editing Nightmare (section)

==Signs and symptoms==
Those with nightmares experience abnormal sleep architecture. The impact of having a nightmare during the night has been found to be very similar to that of [[insomnia]]. This is thought to be caused by frequent [[nocturnal awakenings]] and fear of falling asleep.<ref>Simor, Pé, et al. "Disturbed Dreaming and Sleep Quality: Altered Sleep Architecture in Subjects with Frequent Nightmares."European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 262.8 (2012): 687–96. ProQuest. Web. 24 April 2014.</ref> When awoken from [[Rapid eye movement sleep|REM sleep]] by a nightmare, the dreamer can usually recall the nightmare in detail. They may also awaken in a heightened state of distress, with an elevated heart rate or increased perspiration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nightmares |url=https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/sleep/nighttime-sleep-behaviors/nightmares.html |access-date=2024-03-17 |website=stanfordhealthcare.org |language=en}}</ref> [[Nightmare disorder]] symptoms include repeated awakenings from the major sleep period or naps with detailed recall of extended and extremely frightening dreams, usually involving threats to survival, security, or self-esteem. The awakenings generally occur during the second half of the sleep period.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Grohol|first1=John M.|last2=read|first2=Psy D. Last updated: 8 Jul 2020 ~ Less than a minute|date=2016-05-17|title=Nightmare Disorder Symptoms|url=https://psychcentral.com/disorders/nightmare-disorder-symptoms/,%20https://psychcentral.com/disorders/nightmare-disorder-symptoms/|access-date=2020-09-29|website=psychcentral.com|language=en-US}}{{Dead link|date=March 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>