Editing Newfoundland English (section)

=== Irish ===
Irish involvement in Newfoundland fisheries can be traced back to 1675.<ref name=":3" /> Approximately half of the population of most settlements on the shores of the Avalon Peninsula was Irish by 1750.<ref name=":3" /> The first significant influx of immigrants occurred mainly during the first thirty years of the 19th century. The number of immigrants on the island had grown to 38,000 by 1836, which constituted half of the total population of Newfoundland.<ref name=":3" />

Approximately 85% of Irish immigrants originated from the counties of Kilkenny, Wexford, Waterford, Tipperary, and Carlow, in south-eastern Ireland.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last=Hickey |first=Raymond |date=2002 |title=The Atlantic Edge: The Relationship Between Irish English and Newfoundland English |url=https://doi.org/10.1075/eww.23.2.06hic |journal=English World-Wide |volume=23|doi=10.1075/eww.23.2.06hic }}</ref> The remainder came from western counties, like Cork and Kerry.<ref name=":2" />

Irish migrants inhabited relatively limited areas of the province, primarily in the southern parts of the Avalon Peninsula.<ref name=":3" /> Irish and English migrants were divided by their different religious affiliations of Catholicism and Protestantism.<ref name=":2" /> There was intermingling of local economics, but those interactions were limited. The geography of the island reinforced the religious division resulted in distinctive and resistant dialects of English in Newfoundland and thus preserved the south-eastern speech patterns of Ireland in Newfoundland.

The speech pattern of using the "after" form of the perfect aspect of the verb has been widely adopted in Newfoundland English. That particular construction, as in "look what I'm after doin' now!", has quickly spread throughout the region, despite the existence of several other alternatives such as "I've done," "I've adone," and "I bin done," which come from the West Country.<ref name=":4" />

Another speech pattern that is preserved is the slit fricative [t] variant, a well-known feature of Irish English. The postvocalic /t/ contexts are prevalent in pre-pause positions except before consonants and are commonly used in Newfoundland's Avalon Peninsula.<ref name=":3" /> On the other hand, that characteristic is not shared by the Newfoundland settlements from the West Country.<ref name=":3" /> In addition, the monophthongal /e/ and postvocalic /l/ pronunciations are inherited from the Irish and are mainly used today by older Irish ethno-religious people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clarke |first=Sandra |date=2012 |title=Phonetic Change in Newfoundland English |journal=World Englishes |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=509|doi=10.1111/j.1467-971X.2012.01777.x }}</ref>