Editing Neurosurgery (section)

===United States===
In the [[United States]], a neurosurgeon must generally complete four years of [[undergraduate education]], four years of [[Medical school in the United States|medical school]], and seven years of [[Residency (medicine)|residency]] (PGY-1-7).<ref name=Preul2005>{{cite journal |last1=Preul |first1=Mark C. |title=History of brain tumor surgery |journal=Neurosurgical Focus |volume=18 |issue=4 |year=2005 |page=1 |doi=10.3171/foc.2005.18.4.1 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Most, but not all, residency programs have some component of basic science or clinical research. Neurosurgeons may pursue additional training in the form of a [[Fellowship (medicine)|fellowship]] after residency, or, in some cases, as a senior resident in the form of an enfolded fellowship. These fellowships include [[pediatric neurosurgery]], trauma/neurocritical care, functional and [[stereotactic]] surgery, surgical neuro-[[oncology]], [[radiosurgery]], neurovascular surgery, skull-base surgery, peripheral nerve and complex spinal surgery.<ref name=pmid6387062>{{cite journal |last1=Kirkpatrick |first1=Douglas B.|title=The first primary brain-tumor operation |journal=Journal of Neurosurgery |volume=61 |issue=5 |pages=809–13 |year=1984 |pmid=6387062 |doi=10.3171/jns.1984.61.5.0809 }}</ref> Fellowships typically span one to two years. In the U.S., neurosurgery is a very small, highly competitive specialty, constituting only 0.5 percent of all physicians.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ensuring an Adequate Neurosurgical Workforce for the 21st Century |url=https://www.aans.org/pdf/Legislative/Neurosurgery%20IOM%20GME%20Paper%2012%2019%2012.pdf |website=American Association of Neurological Surgeons |quote=Neurosurgery is a small specialty, constituting only 0.5 percent of all physicians. |access-date=28 May 2021 |archive-date=11 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711163633/https://www.aans.org/pdf/Legislative/Neurosurgery%20IOM%20GME%20Paper%2012%2019%2012.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>