Editing Mushroom (section)

==Classification==
{{main|Sporocarp (fungi)|Basidiocarp|Ascocarp}}
[[File:Hypomyces lactifluorum 169126.jpg|thumb|A mushroom (probably ''[[Russula brevipes]]'') parasitized by ''[[Hypomyces lactifluorum]]'' resulting in a "lobster mushroom"]]

Typical mushrooms are the fruit bodies of members of the order [[Agaricales]], whose [[type genus]] is ''[[Agaricus]]'' and type species is the field mushroom, ''[[Agaricus campestris]]''. However in modern [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecularly]] defined [[Classification (biology)|classifications]], not all members of the order Agaricales produce mushroom fruit bodies, and many other gilled fungi, collectively called mushrooms, occur in other orders of the class [[Agaricomycetes]]. For example, [[Cantharellus|chanterelles]] are in the [[Cantharellales]], false chanterelles such as ''[[Gomphus (fungus)|Gomphus]]'' are in the [[Gomphales]], [[milk-cap]] mushrooms (''[[Lactarius (fungus)|Lactarius]]'', ''[[Lactifluus]]'') and russulas (''[[Russula]]''), as well as ''[[Lentinellus]]'', are in the [[Russulales]], while the tough, leathery genera ''[[Lentinus]]'' and ''[[Panus]]'' are among the [[Polyporales]], but ''[[Neolentinus]]'' is in the [[Gloeophyllales]], and the little pin-mushroom genus, ''[[Rickenella]]'', along with similar genera, are in the [[Hymenochaetales]].

Within the main body of mushrooms, in the Agaricales, are common fungi like the common [[Marasmius oreades|fairy-ring mushroom]], [[shiitake]], [[enoki]], [[oyster mushrooms]], [[fly agaric]]s and other [[Amanita]]s, [[magic mushrooms]] like species of ''[[Psilocybe]]'', [[Volvariella|paddy straw mushrooms]], [[Coprinus comatus|shaggy manes]], etc.

An atypical mushroom is the [[lobster mushroom]], which is a fruitbody of a ''Russula'' or ''Lactarius'' mushroom that has been deformed by the [[parasitic]] fungus ''[[Hypomyces lactifluorum]]''. This gives the affected mushroom an unusual shape and red color that resembles that of a boiled [[lobster]].<ref name="Volk2001" />

Other mushrooms are not gilled, so the term "mushroom" is loosely used, and giving a full account of their classifications is difficult. Some have pores underneath (and are usually called [[bolete]]s), others have spines, such as the [[Hericium erinaceus|hedgehog mushroom]] and other [[tooth fungi]], and so on. "Mushroom" has been used for [[polypore]]s, [[puffball]]s, [[jelly fungi]], [[coral fungi]], [[bracket fungi]], [[stinkhorn]]s, and [[cup fungi]]. Thus, the term is more one of common application to [[macroscopic]] fungal fruiting bodies than one having precise [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] meaning. Approximately 14,000 species of mushrooms are described.<ref name="Chang2004" />