Editing Mozambique (section)

===Bantu migrations===
{{Further|Bantu expansion}}

[[Bantu languages|Bantu]]-speaking peoples migrated into Mozambique as early as the 4th century BC.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The archaeological evidence for the appearance of pastoralism and farming in southern Africa|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=13|issue=6|pages=e0198941|language=en|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0198941|year=2018|last1=Lander|first1=Faye|last2=Russell|first2=Thembi|pmid=29902271|pmc=6002040|bibcode=2018PLoSO..1398941L|doi-access=free}}</ref> It is believed between the 1st and 5th centuries AD, waves of migration from the west and north went through the [[Zambezi]] River valley and then gradually into the plateau and coastal areas of Southern Africa.<ref name="BilateralRelationsFactSheet">{{citation-attribution|1={{Cite web|title=Mozambique (07/02)|url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011103/https://2009-2017.state.gov/outofdate/bgn/mozambique/26477.htm|archive-date=2 July 2018|access-date=1 July 2018|work=U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets/Background Notes|publisher=U.S. Department of State}} }}</ref> They established agricultural communities or societies based on herding cattle. They brought with them the technology for smelting<ref>{{cite web|last1=Lyaya|first1=Edwinus Chrisantus|title=Metallurgy in Tanzania|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304036090|website=ResearchGate|access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> and smithing iron.