Editing Mount Athos (section)

==Flora==
Much of Mount Athos is covered with [[temperate broadleaf and mixed forests|mixed broadleaf deciduous]] and evergreen forests. Black pine (''[[Pinus nigra]]'') forests are found at higher elevations. [[Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests|Sclerophyllous scrub vegetation]] is also found throughout Mount Athos. Typical forest trees are sweet chestnut (''[[Castanea sativa]]''), holm oak (''[[Quercus ilex]]''), kermes oak (''[[Quercus coccifera]]''), Hungarian oak (''[[Quercus frainetto]]''), oriental plane (''[[Platanus orientalis]]''), black pine (''[[Pinus nigra]]''), and cedar (''[[Calocedrus decurrens]]''). Other common plant species include the strawberry tree (''[[Arbutus unedo]]'' and ''[[Arbutus andrachne]]''), cypress (''[[Cupressus sempervirens]]''), laurel (''[[Laurus nobilis]]''), lentisk (''[[Pistacia lentiscus]]''), phillyrea (''[[Phillyrea latifolia]]''), wild olive (''[[Olea europea]]''), and heather (''[[Erica (plant)|Erica]]'' spp.).<ref name="unep-wcmc">{{cite web |title=Mount Athos |website=World Heritage Datasheet |author=UN Environment [[World Conservation Monitoring Centre]] |date=2017-05-22 |url=http://world-heritage-datasheets.unep-wcmc.org/datasheet/output/site/mount-athos |access-date=2022-06-10 |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807152226/http://world-heritage-datasheets.unep-wcmc.org/datasheet/output/site/mount-athos/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Deciduous trees that are primarily found alongside streams include [[white willow]], [[laurel (plant)|laurel]], [[Oriental plane]], and [[alder]] trees.<ref>{{cite book |last=Speake |first=Graham |title=Mount Athos: renewal in paradise |publication-place=Limni, Evia, Greece |date=2014 |isbn=978-960-7120-34-2 |oclc=903320491 |page=33 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

Aleppo pine (''[[Pinus halepensis]]'') is more commonly found in the northern part of the peninsula. Broadleaf [[maquis shrubland|maquis]] is found further south. Deciduous broadleaf forest dominated by [[sweet chestnut]] lies above the broadleaf maquis zone. There are also mixed forests consisting of deciduous oak trees, as well as [[Tilia|limes]], [[aspen]], [[hop hornbeam]], and [[maple]]. [[Pinus nigra|Black pine]] and [[stinking juniper]] can be found at higher elevations. Some herbaceous plants with tubers and bulbs include [[crocus]], [[anemone]], [[cyclamen]], and [[Fritillaria|fritillary]] species.<ref name="Speake 2014">{{cite book |last=Speake |first=Graham |title=Mount Athos: renewal in paradise |publication-place=Limni, Evia, Greece |date=2014 |isbn=978-960-7120-34-2 |oclc=903320491 |page=34 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

At least 35 plant species are endemic to Mount Athos, most of which are found in the area of the main summit in the south.<ref>Ganiatsas, K. (2003). ''I vlastesis kai i chloris tis chersonesou tou Agiou Orous''.</ref> ''[[Isatis tinctoria]]'' ssp. ''athoa'', a [[woad]] subspecies, and ''[[Viola athois]]'' are named after Mount Athos.<ref name="Speake 2014"/>

Mount Athos is also home to 350 species of mushrooms.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cosgrove |first1=Denis E. |last2=Della Dora |first2=Veronica |title=High places: cultural geographies of mountains, ice and science |publisher=I.B. Tauris & Co |publication-place=London |date=2009 |isbn=978-1-4416-2965-4 |oclc=503441715}}</ref><ref>S. Dafis, ‘Anthrōpines drastēriotētes kai fysiko perivallon’, in S. Dafis et al. (eds.), ''Fysekai Perivallon sto Agion Oros'', Thessalonica, 1998.</ref><ref>G. Sideropoulos, ''Agion Oros: anafores stēn anthropogeōgrafia'', Athens, 2000, p. 28.</ref><ref>O. Rackham, ‘Our Lady’s Garden: the historical ecology of the Holy Mountain’, ''Friends of Mount Athos, Annual Report'' (2000), p. 50.</ref><ref>D. Babalonas, ‘Chlōrida kai endemismos tou Agiou Orous’, in M. Parcharidou and M. Fountoulēs (eds.), ''Agion Oros: fysē, latreia, technē'', Vol. I, Thessalonica, 1999, p. 119.</ref>