Editing Motto (section)

==Mottos in heraldry==
{{Heraldic achievement}}
In [[heraldry]], a motto is often found ''below'' the shield in a [[Speech scroll|banderole]] in the [[Compartment (heraldry)|compartment]]. This placement stems from the [[Middle Ages]], in which the vast majority of [[Nobility|nobles]] possessed a [[coat of arms]] complete with a motto. In the case of [[Scottish heraldry]], it is mandated to appear ''above'' the crest<ref>{{Cite book|last=von Volborth|first=Carl Alexander|date=March 1980|title=Heraldry of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/heraldryworld00volb|url-access=limited|publisher=Blandford Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/heraldryworld00volb/page/n191 192]|isbn=9780806999609|ol=OL7944413M}}</ref> and is called slogan (see: [[Slogan (heraldry)]]). The word 'slogan' is an Anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic ''sluagh-ghairm'' (''sluagh'' "army, host" + ''gairm'' "cry").<ref name="Merriam-Webster-p1174">{{cite encyclopedia |title=slogan |dictionary=Merriam-Webster |date=2003 |page=1174}}</ref> There are several notable slogans which are thought to originate from a [[battle cry|battle or war cries]]. In heraldic literature, the terms 'rallying cry' respectively 'battle banner' are also common.{{Citation needed|date=November 2022}} [[Spanish heraldry|Spanish coats of arms]] may display a motto in the [[bordure]] of the shield.<ref>{{Cite book|last=von Volborth|first=Carl Alexander|date=March 1980|title=Heraldry of the World|url=https://archive.org/details/heraldryworld00volb|url-access=limited|publisher=Blandford Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/heraldryworld00volb/page/n210 211]|isbn=9780806999609|ol=OL7944413M}}</ref>

In [[English heraldry]], mottos are not granted with armorial bearings, and may be adopted and changed at will. In Scottish heraldry, mottos can only be changed by re-matriculation, with the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Innes-Smith|first=Robert|date=1990|url=https://archive.org/details/outlineofheraldr00inne|title=An Outline of Heraldry in England and Scotland|url-access=registration|location=[[Derby]], England|publisher=[[Pilgrim Press]]|page=[https://archive.org/details/outlineofheraldr00inne/page/n15 14, col 1]|isbn=0-900594-82-9|oclc=1036776100|quote=Mottos are not necessarily hereditary, and can be adopted and changed at will.|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref> Although unusual in England, and perhaps outside [[English heraldry|English heraldic practice]], there are some examples, such as in [[Belgian heraldry|Belgium]], of the particular appearance of the motto scroll and letters thereon being [[Blazon|blazoned]];<ref>{{Cite web |title=USS Winston S. Churchill (DDG-81) |url=https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/Heraldry.aspx?HeraldryId=4988&CategoryId=2842&grp=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240221085833/https://tioh.army.mil/Catalog/Heraldry.aspx?HeraldryId=4988&CategoryId=2842&grp=5 |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 February 2024|access-date=21 Feb 2024 |website=The Institute of Heraldry}}</ref> a prominent example is the [[Obverse and reverse|obverse]] of the [[Great Seal of the United States]] (which is a coat of arms and follows heraldic conventions), the blazon for which specifies that the motto scroll is held in the beak of the [[bald eagle]] serving as the escutcheon's [[supporter]].

<gallery>
File:Coat of Arms of The City of London.svg|Motto "Domine dirige nos" ([[Latin language|Latin]] for 'Lord, guide us') ''below'' the [[Coat of arms of the City of London]]
File:Porin vaakuna.svg|Motto ''Deus protector noster'' ([[Latin language|Latin]] for 'God is our protector') ''below'' the arms of [[Pori]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Juhana Herttuan patsas - Pori, Finland – Statues of historic figures|url=https://Waymarking.com/waymarks/WMBMC0_Juhana_Herttuan_patsas_Pori_Finland|website=Waymarking.com|publisher=Groundspeak, Inc.|date=2022|access-date=1 November 2022}}</ref>
File:Coa Scotland Brim-DeForest of Balvaird Castle, Baron of Balvaird big.svg|''Above'' the crest is the slogan (see: [[Slogan (heraldry)]], most traditional in [[Scottish heraldry]]) or the [[war cry]], Arms of [[Brady Brim-DeForest]], [[Lordship and Barony of Balvaird|Baron of Balvaird]]
</gallery>

[[Ship]]s and [[submarine]]s in the [[Royal Navy]] (RN) each have a [[Badge (heraldry)|badge]] and motto, as do units of the [[Royal Air Force]] (RAF).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cassells|first=Vic|year=2000|title=The capital ships: Their battles and their badges|publisher=Kangaroo Press|page=190}}</ref>{{ISBN missing|date=November 2022}}