Editing Morristown, Tennessee (section)

===Civil War===
{{Main|Battle of Morristown}}
{{See also|Tennessee in the American Civil War}}
As the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] approached, the town's sympathies were divided between the [[Union (ACW)|Union]] and [[Secession in the United States|secession]]ist sides. In December 1863, some 25,000 [[Confederate Army]] soldiers under the command of General [[James Longstreet]] arrived at [[Bethesda Presbyterian Church (Russellville, Tennessee)|Bethesda Presbyterian Church]], northeast of the town, to spend the winter, after the [[Battle of Bean's Station]]. They remained there until February 1864 and used the Bethesda Church building as a hospital.<ref name=HistMarker>{{cite web |url=http://www.hmdb.org/marker.asp?marker=35659 |title=Bethesda Presbyterian Church: A Church Divided |work=The Historical Marker Database |access-date=January 12, 2014}}</ref><ref name=KNS2012>{{cite web|url= http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2012/apr/01/bethesda-was-war-hospital-casualty/ |title=Bethesda Church was first a hospital, then a casualty |first=Amy |last=McRary |date= April 1, 2012 |newspaper=Knoxville News Sentinel}}</ref> Military engagements occurred near the church in both October and November 1864.<ref name=HistMarker/> On October 28, 1864, Union General [[Alvan Cullem Gillem|Alvan C. Gillem]] attacked Confederate forces under General [[John C. Vaughn]] in the [[Battle of Morristown]]. They fought in and around the town with Gillem routing Vaughn's Confederates in what became known as "Vaughn's Stampede." Vaughn was forced to retreat to Carter's Station on the [[Watauga River]] in northeastern Tennessee. The battle resulted in about 335 total casualties.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Battle of Morristown, 1864|url=http://www.lcs.net/users/sdc/battle.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110920081822/http://www.lcs.net/users/sdc/battle.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 20, 2011|author=Campbell, S.|date=April 30, 2010|access-date=May 13, 2020}}</ref><ref name=TouristAffair>{{cite web |url=http://www.tnvacation.com/civil-war/place/2089/affair-at-morristown/ |title=Affair at Morristown |publisher=Tennessee Department of Tourist Development |access-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116071230/http://www.tnvacation.com/civil-war/place/2089/affair-at-morristown/ |archive-date=January 16, 2014 }}</ref><ref name=Dreaded13th>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YH-AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA72 |title=The Dreaded 13th Tennessee Union Cavalry: Marauding Mountain Men |first=Melanie |last=Storie |publisher=The History Press |year=2013 |isbn=9781626191129 |pages=72–75|via=Google Books}}</ref> In the [[Battle of Bull's Gap]] ("Gillem's Stampede") in November, Confederate forces under General [[John C. Breckinridge]] prevailed over Gillem's troops, chasing the Union forces westward to a defensive position at [[Strawberry Plains]] near [[Knoxville, Tennessee|Knoxville]].<ref name=Dreaded13th/><ref name=TouristBethesda/> During one of these skirmishes, a [[Round shot|cannonball]] penetrated one of the church walls, causing structural damage that was repaired by reinforcing the walls with large iron rods.<ref name=HistMarker/> The Union Army used the church as a hospital for soldiers wounded in these operations.<ref name=TouristBethesda>{{cite web |url=http://www.tnvacation.com/civil-war/place/2098/bethesda-church-and-cemetery/ |title=Bethesda Church and Cemetery |publisher=Tennessee Department of Tourist Development |access-date=January 13, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116071314/http://www.tnvacation.com/civil-war/place/2098/bethesda-church-and-cemetery/ |archive-date=January 16, 2014 }}</ref> Many soldiers from both sides are interred in the Bethesda Church cemetery. Eighty of the wartime burials are unidentified.<ref name=HistMarker/><ref name=KNS2012/>