Editing Montoneros (section)

===Revolutionary Peronism===
Alongside radicalized Catholic priests, John William Cooke became the second great influence on the Montoneros. Named the "personal delegate" by Perón during his exile, Cooke was tasked with leading the Peronist resistance in Argentina, and spent several years in Cuba afterwards, adopting the Castro's anti-imperialism and becoming the main thinker of Revolutionary Peronism, describing Peronism as a leftist movement that would lead an anti-imperialist revolution of "national liberation" in Argentina.<ref>{{cite book |title=Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact |page=217 |publisher=University of California Press |first=David |last=Rock |author-link=David Rock (historian) |year=1993 |isbn=0-520-20352-6}}</ref> Heavily inspired by the Cuban Revolution, Cooke defined Peronism as "antibureaucratic, socialist, profoundly national, and sister to all the
world's exploited".<ref>{{cite book |title=Shaping the political arena: critical junctures, the labor movement, and regime dynamics in Latin America |page=495 |first1=Ruth Berins |last1=Collier |first2=David |last2=Collier |year=1991 |isbn=0-691-02313-1 |publisher=Princeton University Press}}</ref> Perón embraced Cooke's ideas, praising the Cuban Revolution and making comparisons between himself and Castro. Although Guevara came from an Argentine anti-Peronist family, he visited Perón in Madrid and was deeply impressed by his political thought, praising Peronism as "indigenous Latin American socialism with which the Cuban Revolution could side". Perón confirmed this political alliance, galvanizing left-wing Peronists; upon Guevara's death in 1967, Perón praised him as ‘one of ours, perhaps the best’.<ref>{{cite book |title=Juan Perón: The Life of the People's Colonel |page=201 |first=Jill |last=Hedges |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=978-0-7556-0268-1 |year=2021}}</ref>

Cooke and Perón formulated the idea of "national socialism" that would become the defining ideology of both the Montoneros and broader Peronist movement. The concept was based on combining social revolution with national liberation; Cooke wrote: "The struggle for liberation starts from the definition of the real enemy, imperialism that acts through the native oligarchy and the political, economic, and cultural mechanisms at its service . . . the national question and the social question are indissolubly joined." Cooke also referred to the Peronist concept of justicalism, arguing that the essence of it was anti-imperialism and social revolution.<ref>{{cite book |title=Argentina's "Dirty War": An Intellectual Biography |last=Hodges |first=Donald |author-link=Donald C. Hodges |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=[[Austin, Texas]] |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-292-77689-0 |page=91}}</ref>  This was complemented by Perón redefining his "Third Position" in 1972, clarifying that it is not a centrist position nor a third way between capitalism and communism, but rather Peronist embrace of the Third World, arguing that Peronists must align themselves "with movements of national and social liberation", which Perón listed as Castroist Cuba and Allende's Chile, among others.<ref>{{cite book |title=Argentina's "Dirty War": An Intellectual Biography |last=Hodges |first=Donald |author-link=Donald C. Hodges |publisher=University of Texas Press |location=[[Austin, Texas]] |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-292-77689-0 |page=80}}</ref> That year, the Peronist October Front described Peronism as "the national expression of the socialism, to the extent that it represents, expresses and develops in action the aspirations of the popular masses and the Argentine working class" and popularized the term of "indigenous socialism" that ''justicalismo'' was to represent.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Entre el Gran Acuerdo Nacional y Trelew: alcances y significaciones de los conceptos de socialismo nacional y peronismo |journal=Quinto Sol |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=1–19 |year=2022 |publisher=Universidad Nacional de La Pampa |language=es |first=Valeria |last=Caruso |doi=10.19137/qs.v26i1.5597|doi-access=free }}</ref>

In their program published in ''Cristianismo y Revolución'' on behalf of Elorrio, Montoneros stayed loyal to the Perón's vision of “Christian national socialism”, introducing themselves as the "armed wing of Peronism", and stating: "we set ourselves the objective of constituting with other organizations the Peronist armed movement, which together with other armed groups will develop the people's war for the seizure of power and the implementation of national socialism in which they become a reality our three flags: economic independence, social justice and political sovereignty."<ref>{{cite journal |title=Montoneros y Perón ¿un diálogo de sordos? Apostillas sobre el socialismo nacional (1967/1972) |first=Rocío |last=Otero |date=10 December 2018 |doi=10.4000/nuevomundo.73994 |journal=Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos |language=es|doi-access=free |hdl=11336/102771 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> In the Cuban newspaper Granma, Montoneros further elaborated:
{{blockquote|text=We are Peronists even though we come from different origins and trainings. Peronism has a doctrine created in 1945 that was reworked and updated during the subsequent 25 years. This doctrine is synthesized in the three flags of the movement: Economic Independence, Social Justice and Political Sovereignty. These three flags in 1970 are expressed through the need to achieve independent economic development and a fair distribution of wealth, within the framework of a socialist system that respects our history and our national culture. On the other hand, the doctrine was defined by its creator, General Perón, as deeply national, humanist and Christian, respectful of the human person above all things.|source=“El llanto del enemigo” in Cristianismo y Revolución (No. 28, April 1971, p. 71.)}}