Editing Monarchy of Canada (section)

====Demise of the Crown and accession====
{{Main|Demise of the Crown}}
Upon the death of the monarch, there is an immediate and automatic succession by the late sovereign's heir;{{Refn|<ref name=OCCanThrone/><ref name=NPdeath>{{Citation |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/what-happens-to-canada-should-the-queen-die-the-behind-the-scenes-plans-for-the-death-of-queen-elizabeth-ii |last=Hopper |first=Tristin |title=What happens to Canada should Queen Elizabeth II die: The behind-the-scenes plans |date=5 January 2017 |newspaper=National Post |publisher=Post Media |access-date=25 April 2017 |archive-date=7 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607194828/http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/what-happens-to-canada-should-the-queen-die-the-behind-the-scenes-plans-for-the-death-of-queen-elizabeth-ii |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Thomson Irvine, "Demise of the Crown: An Historical Review of the Law in Canada" (2018) 12 ''Journal of Parliamentary and Political Law'' 695.</ref>}} hence the phrase, "[[The king is dead, long live the king!|the King is dead. Long live the King]]".<ref>{{Cite book| last1=Charters| first1=Claire| first2=Andrew| last2=Erueti |title=Māori property rights and the foreshore and seabed: the last frontier |publisher=Victoria University Press |date=2008 |location=Melbourne |page=31 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4OmYBwtKRw4C |isbn=978-0-8647-3553-9}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Shree Govind |title=Democracy in India |publisher=Sanbun Publishers |date=2000 |location=Delhi |pages=51–52 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cFs0YSkA4ckC |isbn=978-3-4734-7305-2}}</ref> No confirmation or further ceremony is necessary. The federal [[Cabinet of Canada|cabinet]] and [[Public Service of Canada|civil service]] follow the ''Manual of Official Procedure of the Government of Canada'' in carrying out various formalities around the transition.<ref name=Torrance37>{{Harvnb|Torrance|2022a |p=37}}</ref>

By custom, the accession of a new monarch is publicly  [[Proclamation|proclaimed]] by the governor general-[[King's Privy Council for Canada|in-council]], who meet at [[Rideau Hall]] immediately upon the previous monarch's death.<ref name=Torrance37/> Since the adoption of the Statute of Westminster it has been considered "constitutionally inappropriate" for Canada's accession proclamations to be approved by a British order-in-council,<ref name=Torrance34/> as the monarch has, since then, assumed the Canadian throne according to Canadian law. For the accession of Charles III, the first since the creation of the [[Canadian Heraldic Authority]] in 1989, the [[Chief Herald of Canada|Chief Herald]] read the royal proclamation aloud. If Parliament is in session, the Prime Minister will announce the demise of the Crown there and [[Motion (parliamentary procedure)|move]] for a [[Joint address (Canada)|joint address]] of sympathy and loyalty to the new monarch.<ref name=Torrance37/>
[[File:Queen Elizabeth Ottawa parade mosbo6.jpg|thumb|A memorial procession in [[Ottawa]] before the national commemoration ceremony for the death of Queen [[Elizabeth II]]]]

A period of [[mourning]] also follows, during which portraits of the recently deceased monarch are draped with black fabric and staff at government houses wear [[Armband#Mourning|black armbands]]. The ''Manual of Official Procedure of the Government of Canada'' states the [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]] is responsible for convening Parliament, tabling a resolution of loyalty and condolence from Parliament to the new monarch, and arranging for the motion to be seconded by the [[Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)|leader of the official opposition]].<ref name=NPdeath/><ref name=Manu>{{Cite book |title=Manual of Official Procedure of the Government of Canada| last1=Davis| first1=Henry F.| last2=Millar| first2=André |location=Ottawa |publisher=Privy Council Office |date=1968 |page=575}}</ref> The prime minister will then move to adjourn Parliament.<ref name=NPdeath/><ref name=Manu/> The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] keeps a regularly updated plan for a "broadcast of national importance", announcing the demise of a sovereign and covering the aftermath, during which all regular programming and advertising is cancelled and on-call commentators contribute to a 24-hour news mode.<ref name=NPdeath/> As funerals for Canada's sovereigns, as well as for their consorts, take place in the United Kingdom,<ref name=monarchs/> [[State funerals in Canada#Ceremonies for monarchs|commemoration services]] are conducted by the federal and provincial governments across Canada.<ref name=monarchs>{{Citation |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-six-royal-funerals-one-changing-canada-what-the-deaths-of-monarchs |last=Annett |first=Evan |title=Six royal funerals, one changing Canada: What the deaths of monarchs have revealed about us |date=17 September 2022 |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |accessdate=4 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/what-provinces-will-have-holiday-for-queen-funeral-1.6581550 |title=Do Canadians get a holiday to mourn the Queen? It depends |date=13 September 2022 |publisher=CBC News |accessdate=4 April 2024 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922032319/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/what-provinces-will-have-holiday-for-queen-funeral-1.6581550 |url-status=live}}</ref> Such ceremonies may also be held for other recently deceased members of the royal family. The day of the sovereign's funeral is likely to be a federal holiday.<ref name=NPdeath/><ref>{{Cite news |title=Do Canadians get a holiday to mourn the Queen? It depends |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/what-provinces-will-have-holiday-for-queen-funeral-1.6581550 |access-date=April 1, 2024 |work=CBC News |date=September 13, 2022 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922032319/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/what-provinces-will-have-holiday-for-queen-funeral-1.6581550 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The new monarch is [[coronation of the British monarch|crowned]] in the United Kingdom in an ancient ritual but one not necessary for a sovereign to reign.{{#tag:ref|For example, [[Edward VIII]] was never crowned, yet was undoubtedly king during his short time on the throne. |group=n |name=EdVIII1}} Under the federal ''Interpretation Act'',<ref name=Torrance37/> officials who hold a federal office under the Crown are not affected by the death of the monarch, nor are they required to take the [[Oath of Allegiance (Canada)|Oath of Allegiance]] again.<ref>{{Cite canlaw| short title=Interpretation Act |abbr=RSC |date=1985 |chapter=I-21 |section=46(1). |link=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/i-21/page-3.html#h-279653}}</ref> In some provinces, though, those holding Crown offices must swear the Oath to the new sovereign.<ref>{{Citation |url=https://lt.gov.ns.ca/news-events/2023-02-02/175th-anniversary-responsible-government-nova-scotia |title=175th Anniversary of Responsible Government in Nova Scotia |date=2 February 2023 |publisher=King's Printer for Nova Scotia |access-date=4 June 2023 |archive-date=4 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604205328/https://lt.gov.ns.ca/news-events/2023-02-02/175th-anniversary-responsible-government-nova-scotia |url-status=live}}</ref> All references in federal legislation to previous monarchs, whether in the masculine (e.g. ''His Majesty'') or feminine (e.g. ''The Queen''), continue to mean the reigning sovereign of Canada, regardless of his or her gender.<ref name= InterpAct>{{Cite canlaw| short title=Interpretation Act |abbr=RSC |date=1985 |chapter=I-21 |section=35(1): définitions. |link=https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/i-21/page-3.html#h-279653}}</ref> This is because, in common law, [[Corporation sole#The Crown|the Crown never dies]]. After an individual accedes to the throne, he or she usually continues to reign until death.{{#tag:ref|The only Canadian monarch to abdicate, Edward VIII, did so with the authorization of the Canadian government granted in ''[[His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act 1936|His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act, 1936]]'', and the ''[[Succession to the Throne Act, 1937]]'', later confirmed this in law. |group=n |name=EdVIII2}}