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===Prehistory=== {{Infobox | title = Known locations of the Miami during the [[Beaver Wars|Iroquois War years]] | label1 = 1654 | data1 = Fox River, southwest of Lake Winnebago | label2 = 1670β95 | data2 = Wisconsin River, below the Portage to the Fox River | label3 = 1673 | data3 = Niles, Michigan | label4 = 1679β81 | data4 = Fort Miamis, at St. Joseph, Michigan | label5 = 1680 | data5 = Fort Chicago | label6 = 1682β2014 | data6 = Fort St. Louis, at Starved Rock, Illinois | label7 = 1687 | data7 = Calumet River, at Blue Island, Illinois | label8 = c. 1691 | data8 = Wabash River, at the mouth of the Tippecanoe River | below = <ref name=Tanner>{{cite book| last= Tanner| first= Helen Hornbeck |title= Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History| url= https://archive.org/details/nby_e78_g7_a87_1987| year= 1987| publisher= University of Oklahoma Press| isbn= 978-0806120560}}</ref><ref name=Rafert>{{cite book| title= The Miami Indians of Indiana: A Persistent People, 1654β1994| first= Stewart |last= Rafert| publisher= Indiana Historical Society| year= 2016| isbn= 978-0871951328}}</ref> }} {{main|Prehistory of Ohio}} Early Miami people are considered to belong to the Fisher Tradition of [[Mississippian culture]].<ref>{{cite book| last1= Emerson| first1= Thomas E.| first2= R. Barry| last2= Lewis| title= Cahokia and the Hinterlands: Middle Mississippian Cultures of the Midwest| place= Champaign, Illinois| publisher= University of Illinois Press| year= 2000| page= 17| isbn= 978-0-252-06878-2}}</ref> Mississippian societies were characterized by [[maize]]-based agriculture, [[chiefdom]]-level social organization, extensive regional trade networks, [[hierarchical]] settlement patterns, and other factors. The historical Miami engaged in hunting, as did other Mississippian peoples. Written history of the Miami traces back to missionaries and explorers who encountered them in what is now [[Wisconsin]], from which they migrated south and eastwards from the mid-17th century to the mid-18th century, settling on the upper [[Wabash River]] and the [[Maumee River]] in what is now northeastern Indiana and northwestern Ohio. By oral history, this migration was a return to the region where they had long lived before being invaded during the [[Beaver Wars]] by the [[Iroquois]]. Early European colonists and traders on the East Coast had fueled demand for furs, and the Iroquois β based in central and western [[New York (state)|New York]] β had acquired early access to European firearms through trade and had used them to conquer the Ohio Valley area for use as hunting grounds, which temporarily depopulated as Algonquin woodlands tribes fled west as refugees. The warfare and ensuing social disruption β along with the spread of infectious European diseases such as [[measles]] and [[smallpox]] for which they had no [[immunity (medical)|immunity]] β contributed to the decimation of Native American populations in the interior. '''Historic locations'''<ref name=Kubiak /> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Location |- | 1658 | Northeast of Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin (Fr) |- | 1667 | Mississippi Valley of Wisconsin |- | 1670 | Head of the Fox River, Wisconsin; Chicago village |- | 1673 | St. Joseph River Village, Michigan (River of the Miamis) (Fr), |- | | Kalamazoo River Village, Michigan |- | 1703 | Detroit village, Michigan |- | 1720β63 | Miami River locations, Ohio |- | | Scioto River village (near Columbus), Ohio |- | 1764 | Wabash River villages, Indiana |- |1831 |Indian Territory (Oklahoma) |} {{clear}}
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