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==Writings== [[Ludwig Wittgenstein]] wrote about the nature of philosophical puzzles and philosophical understanding. He suggested philosophical errors arose from confusions about the nature of philosophical inquiry. [[C. D. Broad]] distinguished Critical from Speculative philosophy in his "The Subject-matter of Philosophy, and its Relations to the special Sciences", in ''Introduction to Scientific Thought'', 1923. [[Curt Ducasse]], in ''Philosophy as a Science'', examines several views of the nature of philosophy, and concludes that philosophy has a distinct subject matter: [[Appraisal theory|appraisals]]. Ducasse's view has been among the first to be described as 'metaphilosophy'.<ref>Dommeyer F., (1961), A Critical Examination of C. J. Ducasse's Metaphilosophy, ''Philosophy and Phenomenological Research'', Vol. 21, (Jun., 1961), No. 4 pp. 439-455</ref> [[Henri Lefebvre]] in ''Métaphilosophie'' (1965) argued, from a Marxian standpoint, in favor of an "ontological break", as a necessary methodological approach for critical social theory (whilst criticizing [[Louis Althusser]]'s "epistemological break" with subjective Marxism, which represented a fundamental theoretical tool for the school of Marxist structuralism). [[Paul Moser]] writes that typical metaphilosophical discussion includes determining the conditions under which a claim can be said to be a philosophical one. He regards [[meta-ethics]], the study of [[ethics]], to be a form of metaphilosophy, as well as [[meta-epistemology]], the study of [[epistemology]].<ref name=Moser/>
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