Editing Maximilian II Emanuel (section)

==War of the Spanish Succession==
[[Image:Max II Emanuel family v2.png|left|thumbnail|300px|Family tree]]
Maximilian Emanuel, who had married Archduchess Maria Antonia, the sole child of Emperor Leopold's Spanish marriage, was one of the more serious claimants to the Spanish inheritance of [[Charles II of Spain]], and the birth of his son [[Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria|Joseph Ferdinand]] in October 1692 immediately created a new claimant to the Spanish throne. In October 1698, [[William III of England]] and [[Louis XIV of France]] concluded the [[Treaty of The Hague (1698)|First Partition Treaty]], which gave the Spanish crown with the Indies to Joseph Ferdinand, the [[Duchy of Milan]] to Emperor Leopold's younger son Archduke [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles]], and the rest of Spanish Italy to France. The unexpected death of Joseph Ferdinand four months later voided this plan and in the [[Treaty of London (1700)|Second Partition Treaty]], the Bavarian portion of the inheritance was allotted to Archduke Charles.<ref>Joachim Whaley, ''Germany and the Holy Roman Empire'', volume II, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 108–109.</ref> By the outbreak of the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] in 1701, Maximilian Emanuel, who had long-term imperial aspirations, had hoped that his governorship of the Spanish Netherlands might yet reap the reward of a share of the Spanish inheritance from either Leopold or, failing him, Louis XIV.<ref>Joachim Whaley, p. 115.</ref> Allying himself with the French against Austria, his campaign against [[County of Tyrol|Tyrol]] in 1703 did not have success and his plans were then frustrated by the disastrous defeat at the [[Battle of Blenheim]] in 1704.

[[File:Maximilian II Emanuel on horse.jpg|thumb|Max Emanuel as military commander]]
In 1704–05, following the evacuation of the Bavarian court to the Spanish Netherlands after the defeat at the Battle of Blenheim, Max Emanuel's consort apparently was in charge of the government in the Stewardship of Munich of the Electorate of Bavaria as Regent Princess. However, when Theresa Kunegunda had found love letters of the Countess of Arco, a mistress of Max Emanuel, she left Munich to see her mother in Venice. The army would not allow her to return. In the ensuing evacuation of his court to the Netherlands, Maximilian Emanuel's family became separated and his sons were held prisoners for several years in Austria, Clemens August being brought up by [[Jesuits]]. Bavaria was partitioned between Austria and [[Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine]]. The harsh Austrian administration which managed to extract massive amounts of money and manpower from Bavaria led to [[Bavarian uprising of 1705–06|a serious peasant uprising]] within a year.<ref>Joachim Whaley, p. 115</ref>

[[File:Coat of Arms of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (as Ruler of the Spanish Netherlands).svg|left|thumb|200px|Coat of arms of Max Emanuel as ruler of Luxemburg and Namur]]
Maximilian Emanuel was again forced to flee the Netherlands after the [[Battle of Ramillies]] on 23 May 1706 and found refuge at the French court in [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]] where his late sister [[Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria|Maria Anna]] (1660–1690) had been the ''[[Dauphine of France]]''. In 1712, Luxemburg and [[County of Namur|Namur]] were ceded to Maximilian Emanuel by his French allies, a cession that was not definitive since France was only the occupant of what was still the Spanish Netherlands. The war between France and Austria finally ended in 1714 in the [[Treaty of Rastatt]] in which Louis XIV compelled Austria to implement the full restoration of his faithful ally Maximilian Emanuel, including the return of the Upper Palatinate. Maximilian Emanuel was to remain in possession of Luxemburg, Namur and Charleroi until he was restored.<ref>Joachim Whaley, pp. 117–118.</ref><ref name="MSc2014"/><ref name="Schryver1996">{{cite book|author=Reginald de Schryver|title=Max II. Emanuel von Bayern und das spanische Erbe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7wKHAAAAIAAJ|year=1996|publisher=P. von Zabern|isbn=978-3-8053-1621-7}}</ref><ref name="Be2014"/>