Editing Martian meteorite (section)

===Shergottites===
Roughly three-quarters of all Martian meteorites can be classified as shergottites. They are named after the [[Shergotty meteorite]], which fell at [[Sherghati]], [[India]] in 1865.<ref>[http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/snc/shergotty.html Shergotty Meteorite - JPL, NASA]</ref> Shergottites are [[igneous rock]]s of [[mafic]] to [[ultramafic]] [[lithology]]. They fall into three main groups, the [[basaltic]], [[olivine]]-phyric (such as the [[Tissint]] group found in Morocco in 2011<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.space.com/18014-mars-meteorites-black-glass.html | title=Meteorite's Black Glass May Reveal Secrets of Mars| website=[[Space.com]]| date=11 October 2012 |first=Charles Q. |last=Choi}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Morin|first=Monte|title=An unusually pristine piece of Mars|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-xpm-2012-oct-12-la-sci-martian-meteorite-20121010-story.html|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=October 12, 2012}}</ref>) and [[lherzolite|lherzolitic]] shergottites, based on their crystal size and mineral content. They can be categorised alternatively into three or four groups based on their [[rare-earth element]] content.<ref name="Bridges Warren 2006 pp. 229–251">{{cite journal | last1=Bridges | first1=J.C. | last2=Warren | first2=P.H. | title=The SNC meteorites: basaltic igneous processes on Mars | journal=Journal of the Geological Society | publisher=Geological Society of London | volume=163 | issue=2 | year=2006 | issn=0016-7649 | doi=10.1144/0016-764904-501 | pages=229–251| bibcode=2006JGSoc.163..229B | s2cid=6815557 | url=http://oro.open.ac.uk/71/1/Bridges-Warren-revised._Jour_of_geo_soc_spec_iss.pdf }}</ref> These two classification systems do not line up with each other, hinting at complex relationships between the various source rocks and magmas from which the shergottites formed.
[[File:NWA 6963 full slice.jpg|thumb|left|NWA 6963,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meteor/metbull.php?code=54565 |title=Northwest Africa 6963 (NWA 6963)}}</ref> a shergottite found in Morocco, September 2011.]] 
The shergottites appear to have crystallised as recently as 180 million years ago,<ref name="Nyquist 2001 105–164"/> which is a surprisingly young age considering how ancient the majority of the surface of Mars appears to be, and the small size of Mars itself. Because of this, some have advocated the idea that the shergottites are much older than this.<ref>{{cite journal|title= Martian meteorite chronology and the evolution of the interior of Mars|journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters|volume=280|issue=1–4|pages=285–295|doi=10.1016/j.epsl.2009.01.042|year=2009|last1=Bouvier|first1=Audrey|last2=Blichert-Toft|first2=Janne|author2-link=Janne Blichert-Toft|last3=Albarède|first3=Francis|bibcode=2009E&PSL.280..285B}}</ref> This "Shergottite Age Paradox" remains unsolved and is still an area of active research and debate.

It has been suggested the 3-million-year-old crater [[Mojave (crater)|Mojave]], 58.5&nbsp;km in diameter, was a potential source of these meteorites.<ref name="Werner2014">{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1126/science.1247282| title = The Source Crater of Martian Shergottite Meteorites| date = 2014-03-06| last1 = Werner | first1 = S. C.|author1-link= Stephanie C. Werner | journal = Science| volume = 343| issue = 6177| pages = 1343–6| last2 = Ody | first2 = A. | last3 = Poulet | first3 = F. | pmid=24603150| bibcode = 2014Sci...343.1343W| s2cid = 206553043| doi-access = free}}</ref> A paper published in 2021, however, disputes this, proposing instead the 28 km crater [[Tooting (crater)|Tooting]], or possibly the crater [[09-000015]] as the crater source of the depleted olivine-phyric shergottites ejected 1.1 Ma ago.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Lagain|first1=A.|last2=Benedix|first2=G. K.|last3=Servis|first3=K.|last4=Baratoux|first4=D.|last5=Doucet|first5=L. S.|last6=Rajšic|first6=A.|last7=Devillepoix|first7=H. a. R.|last8=Bland|first8=P. A.|last9=Towner|first9=M. C.|last10=Sansom|first10=E. K.|last11=Miljković|first11=K.|date=2021-11-03|title=The Tharsis mantle source of depleted shergottites revealed by 90 million impact craters|journal=Nature Communications|language=en|volume=12|issue=1|pages=6352|doi=10.1038/s41467-021-26648-3|pmid=34732704|pmc=8566585|bibcode=2021NatCo..12.6352L |issn=2041-1723}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gough|first=Evan|date=2021-11-08|title=We Now Know Exactly Which Crater the Martian Meteorites Came From|url=https://www.universetoday.com/153207/we-now-know-exactly-which-crater-the-martian-meteorites-came-from/|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Universe Today|language=en-US}}</ref>