Editing Marcan priority (section)

==Alternatives==
[[File:Synoptic Theory Mt-Lk en.svg|203px|right|thumb|The [[Griesbach theory|Two-Gospel (Griesbach) theory]], an alternative to Marcan priority, holds that Mark used Matthew and Luke as sources.]]

[[Marcan posteriority]] states that Mark's correspondence with other synoptics was due to Mark taking from them.  The view of the Church Fathers such as [[Augustine]] was that the order in the New Testament was also the order of publication and inspiration – Matthew, then Mark, then Luke, then John.  This is usually called the [[Augustinian hypothesis]].  A modern tweak of this view that maintains Matthaean priority is the [[Two gospel hypothesis|two-gospel (Griesbach) hypothesis]] which holds that Mark used both Matthew and Luke as a source (thus, in order, Matthew—Luke—Mark).{{sfnp|Tuckett|2008|p=15}}  This view envisions a Mark who mostly collected the common material shared between Matthew and Luke.

[[Lucan priority]] has been revived in recent decades in the complex form of the [[Jerusalem school hypothesis]], which also places Mark in the middle. Here, Mark uses Luke, then Matthew uses Mark but not Luke, while all three Synoptics draw from a hypothetical Greek translation of an earlier Hebrew work.

Some theories deny literary priority to any one of the Synoptic Gospels, asserting that, whatever their chronological order of composition, none of them draws from any of the others. The [[multi-source hypothesis]] has each synoptic gospel combining a distinct mix of earlier documents, while the [[independence hypothesis]] denies any documentary relationship and regards each gospel as an original composition utilizing oral sources only.

Some variations on Marcan priority propose an additional revision of Mark—a ''Proto-Mark'' (''Ur-Mark'') if earlier than the canonical Gospel, or a ''Deutero-Mark'' if later—serving as a source for Matthew and/or Luke.{{sfnp|Tuckett|2008|pp=23–26}}