Editing Managing Urban America (section)

===View on Urban Political Structure===

Managing Urban America affirms that Americans want governmental change and that the government favors some groups and puts others at a disadvantage. Throwing the rascals out might not be enough. Basic institutions have to be changed. The problem of corruption has been compounded by the [[political machine]]. Through political organization, those holding office have found it possible to perpetuate themselves in power.

The book urges that politics should be based on public rather than on private motives and should stress honesty.

It suggests that the modern reform movement is not a product of the working-class but of upper-income and business groups who seek a political climate favorable to their growth and economic development. These are not true social reformers, however; they are interested in perpetuating the political agenda of the business community. Edward Banfield and [[James Q. Wilson]] both add, "Government must become more democratic."

Putting legislation on the ballot through a [[referendum]] is an attempt to make local government more responsive to the people. The same is true of the [[recall election|recall]] process, whereby a petition can force a new election. The [[Popular initiative|initiative]] enables electors to force a public vote on an amendment or ordinance. Skeptics feel that voters are not well enough informed to vote intelligently. A recent International City Management Association survey showed strong support for direct democracy.