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====Origins of magnetic fields==== The dominant model of the strong fields of magnetars is that it results from a [[magnetohydrodynamic dynamo]] process in the turbulent, extremely dense conducting fluid that exists before the neutron star settles into its equilibrium configuration.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Thompson |first1=Christopher |last2=Duncan |first2=Robert C. |date=1993 |title=Neutron Star Dynamos and the Origins of Pulsar Magnetism |url=https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1993ApJ...408..194T |journal=Astrophysical Journal |volume=408 |pages=194β217 |doi=10.1086/172580 |bibcode=1993ApJ...408..194T |via=NASA Astrophysics Data System |doi-access= }}</ref> These fields then persist due to persistent currents in a proton-superconductor phase of matter that exists at an intermediate depth within the neutron star (where neutrons predominate by mass). A similar magnetohydrodynamic dynamo process produces even more intense transient fields during [[Neutron star merger|coalescence of a pair of neutron stars]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1 = Price |first1 = Daniel J. |last2 = Rosswog |first2 = Stephan |title = Producing Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields in Neutron Star Mergers |doi = 10.1126/science.1125201 |journal = Science |volume = 312 |issue = 5774 |pages = 719β722 |date = May 2006 |pmid = 16574823 |arxiv = astro-ph/0603845 |url = http://users.monash.edu.au/~dprice/research/nsmag/ |bibcode = 2006Sci...312..719P |s2cid = 30023248 |access-date = 2012-07-13 |archive-date = 2018-07-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180717141702/http://users.monash.edu.au/~dprice/research/nsmag/ |url-status = dead }} {{open access}}</ref> An alternative model is that they simply result from the collapse of stars with unusually strong magnetic fields.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Zhou | first1 = Ping | last2 = Vink | first2 = Jacco | last3 = Safi-Harb | first3 = Samar | last4 = Miceli | first4 = Marco | title = Spatially resolved X-ray study of supernova remnants that host magnetars: Implication of their fossil field origin | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201936002 | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | volume = 629 | issue = A51 | pages = 12 | date = September 2019 | arxiv = 1909.01922 | bibcode = 2019A&A...629A..51Z | s2cid = 201252025 }} {{open access}}</ref>
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