Editing Maggie Simpson (section)

===Character===

====Creation====
[[File:UllmanMaggie.png|right|thumb|Maggie in her first appearance in the Ullman short "Good Night".]]
[[Matt Groening]] conceived Maggie and the rest of the Simpson family in 1986 in the lobby of [[James L. Brooks]]'s office. Groening had been called in to pitch a series of animated shorts for ''[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]'', and had intended to present an adaptation of his ''[[Life in Hell]]'' comic strip. When he realized that animating ''Life in Hell'' would require him to rescind publication rights for his life's work, Groening decided to go in another direction,<ref name="americasfirstfamily">{{cite video |people=BBC |year=2000 |title=The Simpsons: America's First Family (6 minute edit for the season 1 DVD) |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0250735/ |format=DVD |location=UK |publisher=20th Century Fox |access-date=June 29, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211081722/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0250735/ |archive-date=February 11, 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref> and hurriedly sketched out his version of a [[dysfunctional family]] and named the characters after members of his own family. The baby of the family was named Maggie after Groening's youngest sister.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Matt Groening|last=Sadownick|first=Doug|author-link=Douglas Sadownick|magazine=[[The Advocate (magazine)|The Advocate]]|issue=571|date=February 26, 1991|url=https://www.simpsonsarchive.com/other/interviews/groening91.html|access-date=September 23, 2024|archive-date=September 24, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924010418/https://www.simpsonsarchive.com/other/interviews/groening91.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/entertainment/2003818762_realsimpsons030.html |title=The real people behind Homer Simpson and family |access-date=January 19, 2008 |last=Rose|first=Joseph |date=August 3, 2007 |work=[[The Oregonian]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120525111318/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/entertainment/2003818762_realsimpsons030.html |archive-date=May 25, 2012 }}</ref> Maggie then made her debut with the rest of the Simpsons family on April 19, 1987, in the [[The Simpsons shorts|short]] "[[Good Night (The Simpsons short)|Good Night]]".{{sfn|Richmond & Coffman|1997 |p=14}} In 1989, the shorts were adapted into ''The Simpsons'', a half-hour series that would air on the [[Fox Broadcasting Company]]. Maggie and the rest of the family remained the main characters on this new show.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lacitybeat.com/cms/story/detail/?id=568&IssueNum=32 |title=3rd Degree: Harry Shearer |access-date=September 1, 2006 |last=Kuipers|first=Dean|author-link=Dean Kuipers |date=April 15, 2004 |website=[[Los Angeles City Beat]] |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308105912/http://www.lacitybeat.com/cms/story/detail/?id=568&IssueNum=32 |archive-date=March 8, 2008}}</ref>

The entire Simpson family was designed so that they would be recognizable in silhouette.<ref>Groening, Matt. (2005). Commentary for "[[Fear of Flying (The Simpsons)|Fear of Flying]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref> The family was crudely drawn, because Groening had submitted basic sketches to the animators, assuming they would clean them up; instead, they just traced over his drawings.<ref name="americasfirstfamily"/> Maggie's physical features are generally not used in other characters; for example, in the later seasons, no character other than Lisa shares her hairline.<ref>Groening, Matt; Reiss, Mike; Kirkland, Mark. (2002). Commentary for "[[Principal Charming]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Second Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref> While designing Maggie and Lisa, Groening "couldn't be bothered to even think about girls' hair styles".<ref name=THOHV>Silverman, David; Reardon, Jim; Groening, Matt. (2005). Illustrated commentary for "[[Treehouse of Horror V]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Sixth Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref> At the time, Groening was primarily drawing in black and white and when designing Lisa and Maggie, he "just gave them this kind of spiky starfish hair style, not thinking that they would eventually be drawn in color".<ref>Groening, Matt. (2006). "A Bit From the Animators", illustrated commentary for "[[All Singing, All Dancing]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Ninth Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref>

Groening thought that it would be funny to have a baby character that did not talk and never grew up, but was scripted to show any emotions that the scene required.<ref name=sundvd>{{cite video |people=Groening, Matt; Scully, Mike; Jean, Al; Brooks, James L.; Silverman, David |year=2007 |title=The Simpsons Movie: A Look Behind the Scenes |medium=DVD |work=[[The Sun (United Kingdom)|The Sun]]}}</ref> Maggie's comedic hallmarks include her tendency to stumble and land on her face while attempting to walk, and a penchant for sucking on her pacifier, the sound of which has become the equivalent of her catchphrase and was originally created by Groening during the [[The Tracey Ullman Show|Tracey Ullman period]]. In the early seasons of the show, Maggie would suck her pacifier over other characters' dialogue, but this was discontinued because the producers found it too distracting.<ref>Groening, Matt. (2001). Commentary for "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete First Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref>

====Voice====
<!--THIS SECTION IS ''not'' FOR LISTING EVERY TIME MAGGIE HAS SPOKEN. IT IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HER VOICE. REFER TO TALK PAGE.-->
With few exceptions, Maggie never speaks but participates in the events around her, emoting with subtle gestures and facial expressions. Maggie's first lines were spoken in "Good Night", the first short to air on ''[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]'', after the family falls asleep. On this occasion, Liz Georges provided the voice of Maggie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.snpp.com/guides/tracey.ullman.html |title=The Simpsons on The Tracey Ullman Show |publisher=The Simpsons Archive |access-date=September 30, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511160217/http://www.snpp.com/guides/tracey.ullman.html |archive-date=May 11, 2008 }}</ref>
<!--THIS SECTION IS ''not'' FOR LISTING EVERY TIME MAGGIE HAS SPOKEN. IT IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HER VOICE. REFER TO TALK PAGE.-->

Rather than talking, Maggie is well known for producing a characteristic "sucking" sound from her pacifier. This sound effect was originally provided by the show's creator [[Matt Groening]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/the-simpsons/11289466/25-things-you-never-knew-about-the-simpsons.html |title=25 things you never knew about The Simpsons |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=August 8, 2016 |date=December 15, 2014 |first=Michael |last=Hogan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160820085806/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/the-simpsons/11289466/25-things-you-never-knew-about-the-simpsons.html |archive-date=August 20, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> for early episodes of ''[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]'', and also by [[Gabor Csupo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.animeexpressway.com/rugrats/rrconn2.htm|title=The Rugrats Connection|website=animeexpressway.com|access-date=August 8, 2016}}</ref> (who was also the animation executive producer, for the first 60 episodes). The sucking noise is heard in all of Maggie's appearances to date, and is usually archive audio from either of Groening or Csupo's initial recordings (from the show's early episodes). Other than her sucking noise, Maggie has been known to make other noises, such as occasional squeals and [[babbling]]. In most instances, these vocalisations are provided by either [[Nancy Cartwright]] or [[Yeardley Smith]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/guides/maggie.file.html|title=The Maggie File|publisher=The Simpsons Archive|access-date=August 8, 2016|date=August 1, 1999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614113227/http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/guides/maggie.file.html|archive-date=June 14, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Although she had previously spoken in fantasies and dream sequences, such as in "[[Bart vs. Thanksgiving]]", in which she was voiced by an uncredited [[Carol Kane]],<ref name="Confidential">{{cite book |last=Reiss |first=Mike |author-link=Mike Reiss |date=2018 |title= [[Springfield Confidential]] |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |page=Chapter 7 |isbn=978-0062748058}}</ref><ref name="JeanTwitter">{{cite tweet|author-link=Al Jean|user=AlJean|number=1011833857023172609 |last=Jean |first=Al |title=Bart v thanksgiving|date=June 27, 2018|access-date=November 22, 2020}}</ref> Maggie's first word spoken in the normal continuity of the series occurred in "[[Lisa's First Word]]", when she was voiced by [[Elizabeth Taylor]].<ref name="EW">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,311750,00.html |title=Face To Watch: Maggie Simpson |last=Schwarsbaum |first=Lisa |date=September 11, 1992 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=September 30, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914030648/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C311750%2C00.html |archive-date=September 14, 2008 }}</ref><ref name=LisasFirstWord>{{cite episode |title=Lisa's First Word |episode-link=Lisa's First Word |series=The Simpsons |series-link=The Simpsons |credits=Martin, Jeff |network=Fox |airdate=December 3, 1992 |season=4 |number=10}}</ref> Although it was only one word ("Daddy"), Taylor had to record the part numerous times before the producers were satisfied.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2007/05/04/2007-05-04_at_film_fest_de_niros_lashed_picture_sho-2.html |title=In the Fox family, they live in fear of a Bart attack |first1=George|last1=Rush |first2=Joanna Rush|last2=Molloy |name-list-style=amp |access-date=July 31, 2008 |date=May 4, 2007 |work=[[New York Daily News]] |location=New York |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913022411/http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2007/05/04/2007-05-04_at_film_fest_de_niros_lashed_picture_sho-2.html |archive-date=September 13, 2008 }}</ref> [[James Earl Jones]] voiced Maggie in "[[Treehouse of Horror V]]".{{sfn|Richmond & Coffman|1997 |pp=154–155}} Maggie would later have brief dialogue in "[[Treehouse of Horror IX]]", voiced by [[Harry Shearer]], who used his [[Kang & Kodos|Kang]] voice.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gimple |first1=Scott M. |author1-link=Scott M. Gimple|first2=Matt |last2=Groening |title=The Simpsons Forever!: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family ...Continued |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |date=December 1, 1999 |isbn=978-0-06-098763-3 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/simpsonsforeverc00groe/page/50 50–51] |title-link=The Simpsons Forever!: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family ...Continued |author2-link=Matt Groening }}</ref> In earlier episodes, [[Yeardley Smith]] did many of Maggie's squeaks, cries, laughs and occasional speaking parts,<ref name=com>Smith, Yeardley. (2007). Commentary for ''[[The Simpsons Movie]]'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref> although in the later seasons her parts are done by [[Nancy Cartwright]]<ref name="TwoDimes">Brooks, James L.; Cartwright, Nancy; Groening, Matt; Jean, Al; Moore, Rich. (2003). Commentary for "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]", in ''The Simpsons: The Complete Third Season'' [DVD]. 20th Century Fox.</ref> (including a single word spoken during the end credits of ''The Simpsons Movie''). [[Jodie Foster]] voiced a [[Howard Roark]]-inspired Maggie in the [[The Simpsons season 20|season 20]] episode "[[Four Great Women and a Manicure]]".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://hollywoodinsider.ew.com/2008/09/exclusive-jodie.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905024818/http://hollywoodinsider.ew.com/2008/09/exclusive-jodie.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 5, 2008 |title=Exclusive: Jodie Foster, Anne Hathaway to guest on 'The Simpsons' |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=September 4, 2008 |date=September 3, 2008 |first=Dan |last=Snierson }}</ref> [[Amy Sedaris]] voiced Maggie in the [[The Simpsons season 36|season 36]] episode "Bart's Birthday", voicing a line that was originally done by Cartwright before being re-cast and re-recorded at the last minute.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Fox |first1=Jesse David |title=They'll Never Stop The Simpsons… Or Will They? |url=https://www.vulture.com/article/the-simpsons-series-finale-barts-birthday-episode-explained.html |website=Vulture |access-date=30 September 2024 |language=en |date=30 September 2024}}</ref>
<!--THIS SECTION IS ''not'' FOR LISTING EVERY TIME MAGGIE HAS SPOKEN. IT IS FOR GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HER VOICE. REFER TO TALK PAGE.-->