Editing Machinima (section)

===''Quake'' movies===
On October 26, 1996, a well-known gaming clan, the [[United Ranger Films|Rangers]], surprised the ''[[Quake (video game)|Quake]]'' community with ''[[Diary of a Camper]]'', the first widely known machinima film.<ref name="Lowood 2006 32">{{harvnb|Lowood|2006|p=32}}</ref> This short, 100-second demo file contained the action and gore of many others, but in the context of a brief story,<ref name="Lowood 2006 32" /> rather than the usual deathmatch.<ref name="Kelland 28" /> An example of transformative or [[emergent gameplay]], this shift from competition to theater required both expertise in and subversion of the game's mechanics.<ref>{{harvnb|Lowood|2005|pp=13, 16}}</ref> The Ranger demo emphasized this transformation by retaining specific gameplay references in its story.<ref>{{harvnb|Lowood|2005|p=13}}</ref>

''[[Diary of a Camper]]'' inspired many other "''Quake'' movies," as these films were then called.<ref name="Kelland 28" /> A community of game modifiers (modders), artists, expert players, and film fans began to form around them.<ref name="Nitsche 2007" /> The works were distributed and reviewed on websites such as The Cineplex, Psyk's Popcorn Jungle, and the Quake Movie Library (QML).<ref name="Marino, 7" /> Production was supported by dedicated demo-processing software, such as Uwe Girlich's Little Movie Processing Center (LMPC) and David "crt" Wright's [[non-linear editing system|non-linear editor]] Keygrip,<ref>{{harvnb|Kelland|Morris|Lloyd|2005|p=28}}; {{harvnb|Marino|2004a|pp=6–7}}</ref> which later became known as "[[Adobe Premiere Pro|Adobe Premiere]] for Quake demo files".<ref name="Marino, 7">{{harvnb|Marino|2004a|p=7}}</ref> Among the notable films were Clan Phantasm's ''Devil's Covenant'',<ref name="Marino, 7" /> the first [[feature length|feature-length]] ''Quake'' movie; Avatar and Wendigo's ''Blahbalicious'', which the QML awarded seven Quake Movie Oscars;<ref>{{harvnb|Machinima.com staff|2001}}; {{harvnb|Heaslip|1998}}</ref> and Clan Undead's ''[[Operation Bayshield]]'', which introduced simulated [[lip sync]]hronization<ref name="Moss">{{harvnb|Moss|2001}}</ref> and featured customized [[digital asset]]s.<ref>{{harvnb|Lowood|2007|p=179}}</ref>

Released in December 1997, id Software's ''[[Quake II]]'' improved support for user-created 3-D models. However, without compatible editing software, filmmakers continued to create works based on the original ''Quake''. These included the [[ILL Clan]]'s ''[[Apartment Huntin']]'' and the [[Quake done Quick]] group's ''[[Quake done Quick|Scourge Done Slick]]''.<ref name="Marino 8">{{harvnb|Marino|2004a|p=8}}</ref> ''Quake II'' demo editors became available in 1998. In particular, Keygrip 2.0 introduced "recamming", the ability to adjust camera locations after recording.<ref name="Marino 8" /> Paul Marino called the addition of this feature "a defining moment for [m]achinima".<ref name="Marino 8" /> With ''Quake II'' filming now feasible, [[Strange Company]]'s 1999 production ''Eschaton: Nightfall'' was the first work to feature entirely custom-made character models.<ref name="Marino 9">{{harvnb|Marino|2004a|p=9}}</ref>

The December 1999 release of id's ''[[Quake III Arena]]'' posed a problem to the ''Quake'' movie community.<ref name="Marino 10-11">{{harvnb|Marino|2004a|pp=10–11}}</ref> The game's demo file included information needed for [[computer network]]ing; however, to prevent cheating, id warned of legal action for dissemination of the file format.<ref name="Marino 10-11" /> Thus, it was impractical to enhance software to work with ''Quake III''.<ref name="Marino 10-11" /> Concurrently, the novelty of ''Quake'' movies was waning.<ref name="Marino 11">{{harvnb|Marino|2004a|p=11}}</ref> New productions appeared less frequently, and, according to Marino, the community needed to "reinvent itself" to offset this development.<ref name="Marino 11" />

''Borg War'', a 90-minute animated Star Trek fan film, was produced using Elite Force 2 (a ''Quake III'' variant) and Starfleet Command 3, repurposing the games' voiceover clips to create a new plot.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=122283&highlight=Borg+War |title=DEUX EX MACHIMINA – BORG WAR DOING TREK CON |publisher=Newsarama.com |access-date=2007-07-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133848/http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=122283&highlight=Borg%2BWar |archive-date=2007-09-29 }}</ref>  ''Borg War'' was nominated for two "Mackie" awards by the [[Academy of Machinima Arts & Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ifmagazine.com/new.asp?article=4750 |title=See an Unauthorized Animated Star Trek Feature Film |work=IF Magazine |access-date=2007-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927224634/http://www.ifmagazine.com/new.asp?article=4750 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |url-status=dead }}</ref> An August 2007 screening at a ''Star Trek'' convention in Las Vegas was the first time that CBS/Paramount had approved the screening of a non-parody fan film at a licensed convention.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070810/NEWS01/208100371/-1/news01|title='Borg Wars' for next generation of movie makers|newspaper=Nashua Telegraph|access-date=2007-07-19|archive-date=August 19, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070819183754/http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070810/NEWS01/208100371/-1/news01|url-status=dead}}</ref>