Editing Lymphoma (section)

===Classification===
[[File:Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular lymphocyte predominant - low power view - H&E - by Gabriel Caponetti.jpg|thumb|Lymph node with mantle cell lymphoma (low-power view, H&E)]]

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), lymphoma classification should reflect in which lymphocyte population the neoplasm arises.<ref name=":0">Manli Jiang, N. Nora Bennani, and Andrew L. Feldman. Lymphoma classification update: T-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphoma, and histiocytic/dendritic cell neoplasms. Expert Rev Hematol. 2017 Mar; 10(3): 239–249. Author Manuscript.</ref> Thus, neoplasms that arise from precursor lymphoid cells are distinguished from those that arise from mature lymphoid cells.<ref name=":0" /> Most mature lymphoid neoplasms comprise the non-Hodgkin lymphomas.<ref name=":0" /> Historically, mature histiocytic and dendritic cell (HDC) neoplasms have been considered mature lymphoid neoplasms, since these often involve lymphoid tissue.<ref name=":0" />

Lymphoma can also spread to the [[central nervous system]], often around the brain in the [[meninges]], known as lymphomatous meningitis (LM).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Canova F, Marino D, Trentin C, Soldà C, Ghiotto C, Aversa SM | title = Intrathecal chemotherapy in lymphomatous meningitis | journal = Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology | volume = 79 | issue = 2 | pages = 127–134 | date = August 2011 | pmid = 20696592 | doi = 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.07.005 }}</ref>

====Hodgkin lymphoma====
{{Main|Hodgkin lymphoma}}
Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for about 15% of lymphomas.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hodgkins Lymphoma Incidence|url=http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/hodgkin-lymphoma|access-date=2 October 2017|date=2015-05-14|archive-date=2017-09-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929184038/http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/hodgkin-lymphoma|url-status=live}}</ref> It differs from other forms of lymphomas in its [[prognosis]] and several [[pathology|pathological]] characteristics. A division into Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas is used in several of the older classification systems. A Hodgkin lymphoma is marked by the presence of a type of cell called the [[Reed–Sternberg cell]].<ref>National Cancer Institute, "Hodgkin Lymphoma", {{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/hodgkin |title=Lymphoma—Patient Version |access-date=2013-08-05 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802123430/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/hodgkin |archive-date=2013-08-02 }}, accessed on 2013-08-05</ref><ref>National Cancer Institute. "What You Need To Know About Hodgkin Lymphoma". U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, (online at {{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/hodgkin.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-08-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140124181551/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/hodgkin.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-24 }}), pg 4.</ref>

====Non-Hodgkin lymphomas====
[[Non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]s, which are defined as being all lymphomas except Hodgkin lymphoma, are more common than Hodgkin lymphoma. A wide variety of lymphomas are in this class, and the causes, the types of cells involved, and the prognoses vary by type. The number of cases per year of non-Hodgkin lymphoma increases with age. It is further divided into several subtypes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Britto |first1=Tanzir Islam |last2=Fattah |first2=Shaikh Abdul |last3=Rahman |first3=Mohammad Arif Ur |last4=Chowdhury |first4=Mohammad Ashraf Uddin |last5=Britto |first5=Tanzir Islam |last6=Fattah |first6=Sk Abdul |last7=Rahman |first7=Md Arif Ur |last8=Chowdhury |first8=Md Ashraf Uddin |date=2023-09-25 |title=A Systematic Review on Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Overlooked Phenomenon in the Health and Research Sector of Bangladesh |journal=Cureus |language=en |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=e45937 |doi=10.7759/cureus.45937 |doi-access=free |pmid=37900448 |pmc=10601349 |issn=2168-8184}}</ref>

====Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases====
[[File:Lymphoma macro.jpg|thumb|right|[[Follicular lymphoma]] replacing a [[lymph node]]]]
[[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases]] are a group of benign, [[premalignant]], and malignant diseases of [[lymphoid cells]] (i.e., [[B cells]], [[T cells]], [[NK cells]], and [[Histiocyte|histiocytic-dendritic cells]]) in which one or more of these cell types is infected with the [[Epstein–Barr virus]] (EBV). The virus may be responsible for the development and/or progression of these diseases. In addition to [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein-Barr virus-positive Hodgkin lymphoma|EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphomas]], the World Health Organization (2016) includes the following lymphomas, when associated with EBV infection, in this group of diseases: [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein–Barr virus-positive Burkitt lymphoma|Burkitt lymphoma]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein–Barr virus-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified diffuse|large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein Barr virus-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation|diffuse large B cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma|fibrin-associated diffuse large B cell lymphoma]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Primary effusion lymphoma|primary effusion lymphoma]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein Barr virus-positive plasmablastic lymphoma|plasmablastic lymphoma]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type|extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Epstein–Barr virus-associated peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified|peripheral T cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified]]; [[angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma]]; [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Follicular T Cell lymphoma|follicular T cell lymphoma]]; and [[Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative diseases#Systemic Epstein–Barr virus-positive T cell lymphoma of childhood|systemic T cell lymphoma of childhood]].<ref name="pmid29885408">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rezk SA, Zhao X, Weiss LM | title = Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoid proliferations, a 2018 update | journal = Human Pathology | volume = 79 | pages = 18–41 | date = September 2018 | pmid = 29885408 | doi = 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.05.020 | s2cid = 47010934 }}</ref>

====WHO classification====
{{Accessibility dispute|section|date=July 2024|reason=[[screen reader]]s can not read content that is .}}
The WHO classification, published in 2001 and updated in 2008, 2017, and 2022,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Naresh |first1=Kikkeri N. |last2=Medeiros |first2=L. Jeffrey |title=Introduction to the Fifth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues |journal=Modern Pathology |date=December 2023 |volume=36 |issue=12 |pages=100330 |doi=10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100330 |pmid=37716508}}</ref> is based upon the foundations laid within the "revised European–American lymphoma classification" (REAL). This system groups lymphomas by cell type (i.e., the normal cell type that most resembles the tumor) and defining [[phenotypic]], [[molecular]], or [[cytogenetic]] characteristics. The five groups are shown in the table. Hodgkin lymphoma is considered separately within the WHO and preceding classifications, although it is recognized as being a tumor, albeit markedly abnormal, of lymphocytes of mature B cell lineage.<ref name="pmid37900448">{{Cite journal |last1=Britto |first1=TI |last2=Fattah |first2=SA |last3=Rahman |first3=M |last4=Chowdhury |first4=M |date=2023-09-25 |title=A Systematic Review on Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Overlooked Phenomenon in the Health and Research Sector of Bangladesh |journal=Cureus |volume=15 |issue=9 |pages=e45937 |doi=10.7759/cureus.45937 |doi-access=free |pmid=37900448 |pmc=10601349}}</ref>

Of the many forms of lymphoma, some are categorized as indolent (e.g. [[small lymphocytic lymphoma]]), compatible with a long life even without treatment, whereas other forms are aggressive (e.g. [[Burkitt's lymphoma]]), causing rapid deterioration and death. However, most of the aggressive lymphomas respond well to treatment and are curable. The [[prognosis]], therefore, depends on the correct diagnosis and classification of the disease, which is established after examination of a biopsy by a [[pathology|pathologist]] (usually a [[hematopathology|hematopathologist]]).<ref>{{cite book |author=Wagman LD. |chapter=Principles of Surgical Oncology |chapter-url=http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11/chapter01/article/10165/1399286 |veditors=Pazdur R, Wagman LD, Camphausen KA, Hoskins WJ |title=Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach |publisher=CMPMedica |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-891483-62-2 |edition=11th |url=http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004224102/http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management-11/ |archive-date=2013-10-04 }}</ref>

<div style="text-align: center; background-color:#7fbfff;">Lymphoma subtypes (WHO 2008)</div>
<div style="text-align: center; background-color:#ffffec;">{{hidden begin|border=solid 1px #aaa|title=Mature [[B cell]] neoplasms}}
[[File:DNA-microarray analysis.jpg|thumb|right|DNA-microarray analysis of Burkitt's lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) showing differences in gene expression patterns. Colors indicate levels of expression; green indicates genes that are underexpressed in lymphoma cells (as compared to normal cells), whereas red indicates genes that are overexpressed in lymphoma cells.]]
* [[B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia|B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small cell lymphoma]]
:: 3–4% of lymphomas in adults
:: Small resting lymphocytes mixed with variable numbers of large activated cells, lymph nodes diffusely [[Effacement (histology)|effaced]]
:: CD5, surface [[immunoglobulin]]
:: 5-year survival rate 50%.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chronic Leukemias |work=The Merck Manual of Geriatrics |url=http://www.merck.com/mkgr/mmg/sec9/ch73/ch73b.jsp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100704145645/http://www.merck.com/mkgr/mmg/sec9/ch73/ch73b.jsp |archive-date=2010-07-04 }}</ref>
:: Occurs in older adults, usually involves lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen, most patients have peripheral blood involvement, indolent
* [[B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia]]
* [[Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma]] (such as [[Waldenström macroglobulinemia]])
* [[Splenic marginal zone lymphoma]]
* [[Hairy cell leukemia]]
* [[Plasma cell]] neoplasms:
** [[Plasma cell myeloma]] (also known as multiple myeloma)
** [[Plasmacytoma]]
** Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition diseases
** [[Heavy chain diseases]]
* [[Extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma]], also called [[MALT lymphoma]]
:: About 5% of lymphomas in adults
:: Variable cell size and differentiation, 40% show [[plasma cell]] differentiation, [[Homing (hematopoietic)|homing]] of B cells to epithelium creates lymphoepithelial lesions.
:: CD5, [[CD10]], surface Ig
:: Frequently occurs outside lymph nodes, very indolent, may be cured by local excision
* [[Nodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma]]
* [[Follicular lymphoma]]
:: About 40% of lymphomas in adults
:: Small "cleaved" [cleft] cells ([[centrocyte]]s) mixed with large activated cells ([[centroblast]]s), usually nodular ("follicular") growth pattern
:: [[CD10]], surface [[immunoglobulin|Ig]]
:: About 72–77%<ref>{{EMedicine|article|203268|Lymphoma, Follicular}}</ref>
:: Occurs in older adults, usually involves lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen, associated with t(14;18) [[chromosomal translocation|translocation]] overexpressing [[Bcl-2]], indolent
* [[Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma]]
* [[Mantle cell lymphoma]]
:: About 3–4% of lymphomas in adults
:: Lymphocytes of small to intermediate size growing in diffuse pattern
:: [[CD5 (protein)|CD5]]
:: About 50<ref name=Leitch&Herrmann/> to 70%<ref name=Leitch&Herrmann>
:::: 50% for limited stage: {{cite journal | vauthors = Leitch HA, Gascoyne RD, Chhanabhai M, Voss NJ, Klasa R, Connors JM | title = Limited-stage mantle-cell lymphoma | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 14 | issue = 10 | pages = 1555–1561 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 14504058 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdg414 | doi-access = free }}
:::: 70% for advanced stage: {{cite journal | vauthors = Herrmann A, Hoster E, Zwingers T, Brittinger G, Engelhard M, Meusers P, Reiser M, Forstpointner R, Metzner B, Peter N, Wörmann B, Trümper L, Pfreundschuh M, Einsele H, Hiddemann W, Unterhalt M, Dreyling M | display-authors = 6 | title = Improvement of overall survival in advanced stage mantle cell lymphoma | journal = Journal of Clinical Oncology | volume = 27 | issue = 4 | pages = 511–518 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19075279 | doi = 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.8435 | s2cid = 32350562 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
:: Occurs mainly in adult males, usually involves lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen and [[Human gastrointestinal tract|GI tract]], associated with t(11;14) translocation overexpressing [[cyclin D1]], moderately aggressive
* [[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma]], not otherwise specified
:: About 40–50% of lymphomas in adults
:: Variable, most resemble B cells of large germinal centers, diffuse growth pattern
:: Variable expression of [[CD10]] and surface Ig
:: [[Five-year survival rate]] 60%<ref name="Turgeon">{{cite book |first=Mary Louise |last=Turgeon |title=Clinical Hematology: Theory and Procedures |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cHAjsUgegpQC |year=2005 |publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |isbn=978-0-7817-5007-3 |volume=936 |edition=4 |pages=285–6 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906095500/https://books.google.com/books?id=cHAjsUgegpQC |archive-date=2015-09-06 }}</ref>
:: Occurs in all ages, but most commonly in older adults, may occur outside lymph nodes, aggressive
* [[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with chronic inflammation]]
* [[Epstein–Barr virus positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified]]
* [[Lymphomatoid granulomatosis]]
* [[Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma]]
* [[ALK+ large B-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Plasmablastic lymphoma]]
* [[Primary effusion lymphoma]]
* [[Large B-cell lymphoma arising in HHV8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease]]
* [[Burkitt's lymphoma|Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia]]
:: < 1% of lymphomas in the United States
:: Round lymphoid cells of intermediate size with several nucleoli, [[starry-sky appearance]] by diffuse spread with interspersed [[apoptosis]]
:: CD10, surface Ig
:: Five-year survival rate 50%<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Diviné M, Casassus P, Koscielny S, Bosq J, Sebban C, Le Maignan C, Stamattoulas A, Dupriez B, Raphaël M, Pico JL, Ribrag V | display-authors = 6 | title = Burkitt lymphoma in adults: a prospective study of 72 patients treated with an adapted pediatric LMB protocol | journal = Annals of Oncology | volume = 16 | issue = 12 | pages = 1928–1935 | date = December 2005 | pmid = 16284057 | doi = 10.1093/annonc/mdi403 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
:: Endemic in Africa, sporadic elsewhere, more common in immunocompromised and children, often visceral involvement, highly aggressive
{{hidden end}}
{{hidden begin|border=solid 1px #aaa|title=Mature [[T cell]] and [[natural killer cell|natural killer]] (NK) cell neoplasms}}
* [[T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia]]
* [[T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia]]
* [[Aggressive NK cell leukemia]]
* [[Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma]]
* [[Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type]]
* [[Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Blastic NK cell lymphoma]]
* [[Mycosis fungoides]]/[[Sézary syndrome]]
:: Most common cutaneous lymphoid malignancy
:: Usually small lymphoid cells with convoluted nuclei that often infiltrate the epidermis, creating [[Pautrier microabscesses]]es
:: [[CD4]]
:: [[Five-year survival rate|5-year survival]] 75%<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kirova YM, Piedbois Y, Haddad E, Levy E, Calitchi E, Marinello G, Le Bourgeois JP | title = Radiotherapy in the management of mycosis fungoides: indications, results, prognosis. Twenty years experience | journal = Radiotherapy and Oncology | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 147–151 | date = May 1999 | pmid = 10435806 | doi = 10.1016/S0167-8140(99)00050-X }}</ref>
:: Localized or more generalized skin symptoms, generally indolent, in a more aggressive variant, [[Sézary's disease]], skin [[erythema]] and peripheral blood involvement
* Primary cutaneous CD30-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders
** [[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma#Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma|Primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma]]
** [[Lymphomatoid papulosis]]
* [[Peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified]]
:: Most common T cell lymphoma
:: Variable, usually a mix small to large lymphoid cells with irregular nuclear contours
:: [[CD3 (immunology)|CD3]]
:: Probably consists of several rare tumor types, often disseminated and generally aggressive
* [[Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma]]
* [[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma]]: [[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma#ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma|ALK-positive]] and [[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma#ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma|ALK-negative]] types
* [[Anaplastic large cell lymphoma#Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma|Breast plant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma]]
{{hidden end}}
{{hidden begin|border=solid 1px #aaa|title=Precursor lymphoid neoplasms}}
* [[Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia|B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma not otherwise specified]]
* [[Precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia|B-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma with recurrent genetic abnormalities]]
* [[T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma]]
:: 15% of childhood [[acute lymphoblastic leukemia]] and 90% of [[lymphoblastic lymphoma]].<ref name="Jaffe_2011_1"/>{{rp|635}}
:: [[Lymphoblast]]s with irregular nuclear contours, condensed chromatin, small nucleoli and scant cytoplasm without granules
:: [[Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase|TdT]], [[CD2]], [[CD7]]
:: It often presents as a [[mediastinal mass]] because of involvement of the [[thymus]]. It is highly associated with ''[[NOTCH1]]'' mutations, and is most common in [[adolescent]] males.{{hidden end}}
{{hidden begin|border=solid 1px #aaa|title= Hodgkin lymphoma }}
* Classical [[Hodgkin lymphoma]]s:
** [[Nodular sclerosis]] form of Hodgkin lymphoma
:: Most common type of Hodgkin lymphoma
:: Reed–Sternberg cell variants and inflammation, usually broad sclerotic bands that consist of collagen
:: [[CD15]], [[CD30]]
:: Most common in young adults, often arises in the [[mediastinum]] or [[cervical lymph node]]s
** Mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma
:: Second-most common form of Hodgkin lymphoma
:: Many classic Reed–Sternberg cells and inflammation
:: CD15, CD30
:: Most common in men, more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages than the nodular sclerosis form [[Epstein–Barr virus]] involved in 70% of cases
** Lymphocyte-rich
** Lymphocyte depleted or not depleted
* [[Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma]]
{{hidden end}}
{{hidden begin|border=solid 1px #aaa|title=Immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders}}
* Associated with a primary immune disorder
* Associated with the human immunodeficiency virus ([[HIV]])
* Post-transplant
* Associated with [[methotrexate]] therapy
* [[Primary central nervous system lymphoma]] occurs most often in immunocompromised patients, in particular those with AIDS, but it can occur in the immunocompetent, as well. It has a poor prognosis, particularly in those with AIDS. Treatment can consist of [[corticosteroids]], [[radiotherapy]], and [[chemotherapy]], often with methotrexate.
{{hidden end}}</div>

====Previous classifications====

Several previous classifications have been used, including Rappaport 1956, Lennert/Kiel 1974, BNLI, Working formulation (1982), and REAL (1994).

The [[Working Formulation]] of 1982 was a classification of [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]]. It excluded the Hodgkin lymphomas and divided the remaining lymphomas into four grades (low, intermediate, high, and miscellaneous) related to prognosis, with some further subdivisions based on the size and shape of affected cells. This purely histological classification included no information about [[cell surface markers]] or genetics and made no distinction between [[T-cell lymphoma]]s and [[B-cell lymphoma]]s. It was widely accepted at the time of its publication but by 2004 was obsolete.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Clarke CA, Glaser SL, Dorfman RF, Bracci PM, Eberle E, Holly EA | title = Expert review of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in a population-based cancer registry: reliability of diagnosis and subtype classifications | journal = Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention | volume = 13 | issue = 1 | pages = 138–143 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14744745 | doi = 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-03-0250 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

In 1994, the Revised European-American Lymphoma (REAL) classification applied immunophenotypic and genetic features in identifying distinct clinicopathologic entities among all the lymphomas except Hodgkin lymphoma.<ref>{{EMedicine|article|203399|Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma}}</ref> For coding purposes, the [[ICD-O]] (codes 9590–9999)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cog.ufl.edu/publ/apps/icdo/icdo_morph.txt |title=Archived copy |access-date=2005-11-07 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040627090029/http://www.cog.ufl.edu/publ/apps/icdo/icdo_morph.txt |archive-date=June 27, 2004 }}</ref> and [[ICD|ICD-10]] (codes C81-C96)<ref>{{Cite web|title=2022 ICD-10-CM Codes C81-C96: Malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, hematopoietic and related tissue|url=https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96|access-date=2022-02-02|website=www.icd10data.com|archive-date=2022-01-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117013750/https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/C00-D49/C81-C96|url-status=live}}</ref> are available.