Editing Luxor (section)

=== Archaeology ===
[[File:Thèbes. Plan général de la portion de la Vallée du Nil qui comprend les ruines (NYPL b14212718-1267931).jpg|thumb|The area in 1809, from the ''[[Description de l'Égypte]]''.]]
In April 2018, the Egyptian Ministry of Antiquities announced the discovery of the shrine of god [[Osiris]]: Ptah Neb, dating back to the 25th dynasty in the [[Karnak|Temple of Karnak]]. According to archaeologist Essam Nagy, the material remains from the area contained clay pots, the lower part of a sitting statue and part of a stone panel showing an offering table filled with a sheep and a goose which were the symbols of the god Amun.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-22 |title=Archaeologists find bust of Roman emperor in Egypt dig in Aswan |url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/1289571/art-culture |access-date=2021-01-16 |website=Arab News |language=en |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507020030/https://www.arabnews.com/node/1289571/art-culture |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=DPA |first=Daily Sabah with |date=2018-04-22 |title=Archeologists find Roman emperor bust, ancient shrine in Egypt |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/history/2018/04/22/archeologists-find-roman-emperor-bust-ancient-shrine-in-egypt |access-date=2021-01-16 |website=Daily Sabah |language=en |archive-date=November 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122081648/https://www.dailysabah.com/history/2018/04/22/archeologists-find-roman-emperor-bust-ancient-shrine-in-egypt |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-22 |title=Shrine to Osiris and bust of Roman emperor found in Egypt |url=http://www.digitaljournal.com/tech-and-science/science/shrine-to-osiris-and-bust-of-Roman-emperor-found-in-egypt/article/520449 |access-date=2021-01-16 |website=www.digitaljournal.com |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122041038/http://www.digitaljournal.com/tech-and-science/science/shrine-to-osiris-and-bust-of-roman-emperor-found-in-egypt/article/520449 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On the same day in November 2018, two different discoveries were announced. One was by the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities that had found a 13th-century tomb on the West Bank belonging to Thaw-Irkhet-If, the overseer of the mummification shrine at the temple of [[Mut]], and his wife.<ref name="abcnews.go.com">{{cite web |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/13th-century-priests-tomb-discovered-egypts-luxor/story?id=59418449 |title=13th century priest's tomb discovered in Egypt's Luxor |website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |access-date=April 21, 2019 |archive-date=November 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20181126195539/https://abcnews.go.com/International/13th-century-priests-tomb-discovered-egypts-luxor/story?id=59418449 |url-status=live }}</ref> Five months of excavation work until this point had revealed colorful scenes of the family and 1,000 funerary statues or [[ushabti]].<ref name="abcnews.go.com"/> The other discovery was of 1000 [[ushabti]] and two sarcophagi each containing a mummy in the [[TT33 (Tomb)|TT33]] complex by a joint team from the IFAO (French Institute of Oriental Archaeology, Cairo, Egypt) and the [[University of Strasbourg]].<ref name="abcnews.go.com"/><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46329051 |title=Ancient Egyptian tomb unveiled |work=BBC News |date=November 24, 2018 |access-date=January 31, 2021 |archive-date=December 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208210831/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46329051 |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the sarcophagi was opened in private by Egyptian antiquities officials, while the other, of a female [[Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt|18th Dynasty]] woman named Thuya, was opened in front of international media.<ref name="abcnews.go.com"/><ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-11-24 |title=Ancient Egyptian tomb unveiled |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46329051 |access-date=2021-01-31 |archive-date=December 8, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208210831/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-46329051 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ancient tomb unveiled in Egypt |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/397771-ancient-tomb-unveiled-in-egypt |access-date=2021-01-31 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en |archive-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205072109/https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/397771-ancient-tomb-unveiled-in-egypt |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2019, Egyptian archaeologists headed by [[Zahi Hawass]] revealed an ancient "industrial area" used to manufacture decorative artefacts, furniture and pottery for royal tombs. The site contained a big kiln to fire ceramics and 30 ateliers. According to Zahi Hawass, each atelier had a different aim – some of them were used to make pottery, others used to produce gold artefacts and others still to churn out furniture. About 75 meters below the valley, several items believed to have adorned wooden royal coffins, such as inlaid beads, silver rings and gold foil were unearthed. Some artefacts depicted the wings of deity [[Horus]].<ref>{{Cite web |first1=Julie |last1=Zaugg |first2=Nourhan |last2=Moustafa |title=Egyptian archeologists uncover ancient 'industrial area' filled with royal artifacts |url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/egypt-archeology-valley-kings-intl-hnk-scli/index.html |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=CNN |date=October 11, 2019 |language=en |archive-date=November 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130031021/https://www.cnn.com/style/article/egypt-archeology-valley-kings-intl-hnk-scli/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title="Egyptian archeologists uncover ancient 'industrial area' filled with royal artifacts" – CNN – infodecay |url=https://infodecay.com/egyptian-archeologists-uncover-ancient-industrial-area-filled-with-royal-artifacts-cnn/ |access-date=2020-09-17 |language=en-US |archive-date=October 16, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016180658/https://infodecay.com/egyptian-archeologists-uncover-ancient-industrial-area-filled-with-royal-artifacts-cnn/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2019, the Egyptian archaeological mission unearthed thirty well-preserved wooden [[coffin]]s (3,000 years old) in front of the [[Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut]] in [[El-Assasif]] Cemetery. The coffins contained mummies of twenty-three adult males, five adult females and two children, who are believed to be from the middle class. According to Hawass, mummies were decorated with mixed carvings and designs, including scenes from [[Ancient Egyptian deities|Egyptian gods]], [[hieroglyph]]s, and the [[Book of the Dead]], a series of spells that allowed the soul to navigate in the [[afterlife]]. Some of the coffins had the names of the dead engraved on them.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Alaa Elassar |title=Egypt unveils discovery of 30 ancient coffins with mummies inside |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/19/middleeast/egypt-discovers-coffins-mummies-trnd/index.html |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=CNN |date=October 20, 2019 |archive-date=November 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129171703/https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/19/middleeast/egypt-discovers-coffins-mummies-trnd/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-10-16 |title=Egypt archaeologists find 20 ancient coffins near Luxor |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50068575 |access-date=2020-09-17 |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101223925/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50068575 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |vauthors=[[Reuters]]|date=2019-10-19 |title=Archaeologists discover 30 ancient coffins in Luxor |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/19/archaeologists-discover-30-ancient-coffins-with-mummies-in-luxor |access-date=2020-09-17 |website=the Guardian |language=en |archive-date=March 23, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210323162800/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/19/archaeologists-discover-30-ancient-coffins-with-mummies-in-luxor |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Beachum |first=Lateshia |title=Archaeologists discover more than 20 sealed coffins just as the ancient Egyptians left them |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/10/16/archaeologists-discover-more-than-sealed-coffins-just-ancient-egyptians-left-them/ |access-date=2020-09-17 |issn=0190-8286 |archive-date=September 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210929064751/https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/10/16/archaeologists-discover-more-than-sealed-coffins-just-ancient-egyptians-left-them/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 8 April 2021, Egyptian archaeologists led by Zahi Hawass found [[Aten (city)|Aten]], a 3,400-year-old "lost golden city" near Luxor. It is the largest known city from Ancient Egypt to be unearthed to date. The site was said by [[Betsy Bryan]], professor of Egyptology at Johns Hopkins University to be "the second most important archaeological discovery since [[Tomb of Tutankhamun|the tomb of Tutankhamun]]".<ref name="nbcnews.com">{{Cite news |date=2021-10-04 |title=Inside Egypt's 3,000-year-old 'lost golden city' |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/inside-egypt-s-3-000-year-old-lost-golden-city-n1263585 |access-date=April 10, 2021 |archive-date=April 10, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410233306/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/inside-egypt-s-3-000-year-old-lost-golden-city-n1263585 |url-status=live }}</ref> The site is celebrated by the unearthing crew for showing a glimpse into the ordinary lives of living ancient Egyptians whereas past archaeological discoveries were from tombs and other burial sites. Many artefacts are found alongside the buildings such as pottery dated back to the reign of Amenhotep III, rings and everyday working tools. The site is not completely unearthed as of the 10th of April 2021.<ref name="nbcnews.com"/>