Editing Lublin (section)

===19th and early 20th century===
After the [[Third Partition of Poland]] in 1795, Lublin was located in the [[Habsburg monarchy|Austrian empire]], then following the [[Austro-Polish War]] of 1809 it was part of the short-lived Polish [[Duchy of Warsaw]], and then in 1815 it became part of the [[Congress Poland]] in the [[Russian Partition]] of Poland.

[[File:Lublin Market Square (8265258).jpg|thumb|left|19th-century drawing of the Lublin Old Town by Adam Lerue]]
At the beginning of the 19th century, new squares, streets, and public buildings were built. In 1877, a railway connection to Warsaw and [[Kovel]] and [[Lublin Station]] were constructed, spurring industrial development. Lublin's population grew from 28,900 in 1873 to 50,150 in 1897 (including 24,000 Jews).<ref>[[Joshua D. Zimmerman]], ''Poles, Jews and the Politics of Nationality'', Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2004, {{ISBN|978-0-299-19464-2}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6sbr9cZyw_4C&dq=population+Brest+Poles+Jews&pg=PA16 Google Print, p. 16]</ref>

Russian rule ended in 1915, when the city was occupied by German and Austro-Hungarian armies. After the defeat of the [[Central Powers]] in 1918, the [[Provisional People's Government of the Republic of Poland]]—the first government of independent Poland—operated in Lublin for a short time. In the interwar years, the city continued to modernise and its population grew; important industrial enterprises were established, including the first aviation factory in Poland, the [[Plage i Laśkiewicz]] works, later nationalised as the [[LWS (aircraft manufacturer)|LWS]] factory. The [[Catholic University of Lublin]] was founded in 1918.

In 1921, Roman Catholics constituted 58.9% of the city's population, with Jews at 39.5%. In 1931, 63.7% of the inhabitants were Roman Catholic and 34.7% Jewish.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sadkowski |first1=Konrad |title=Church, nation and state in Poland: Catholicism and national identity formation in the Lublin region, 1918–1939 |date=1995 |publisher=[[University of Michigan]] |pages=85–86}}</ref>

On 20 July 1931 [[1931 Lublin tornado|a violent tornado]] carved a path of destruction through the city, destroying dozens of structures in downtown and killing six people. This tornado is officially rated F4 on the [[Fujita scale]]; however, the Polish Weather Service estimated winds at {{convert|246|to|324|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, potentially ranking it as an F5.<ref name="ESWD">{{cite web|publisher=European Severe Storms Laboratory|year=2022|access-date=December 8, 2022|title=European Severe Weather Database|url=http://essl.org/ESWD/}}</ref>