Editing Lost city (section)

== Lost cities by continent ==
=== Africa ===
==== Rediscovered ====
===== Egypt =====
* [[Akhetaten]] – capital during the reign of 18th Dynasty [[pharaoh]] [[Akhenaten]]. Later abandoned, almost totally destroyed. Modern day [[Amarna]].
* [[Avaris]] – capital city of the [[Hyksos]] in the [[Nile Delta]].
* [[Canopus, Egypt|Canopus]] – located on the now-dry Canopic branch of the [[Nile]], east of [[Alexandria]].
* [[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]] – administrative capital of ancient Egypt. Little remains. Now a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]].
* [[Pi-Ramesses]] – imperial city of Rameses the Great, now thought to exist beneath Qantir
* [[Tanis]] – capital during the 21st and 22nd Dynasties, in the Delta region.

===== Maghreb ===== 
* [[Carthage]] – initially a [[Phoenicia]]n city in [[Tunisia]], destroyed and then rebuilt by Rome. Later served as the capital of the [[Vandal Kingdom]] of North Africa, before being destroyed by the Arabs after its capture in 697 CE. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Dougga]], [[Tunisia]] – Roman city located in present-day Tunisia. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Leptis Magna]] – [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] city located in present-day [[Libya]]. It was the birthplace of Emperor [[Septimius Severus]], who lavished an extensive public works program on the city, including diverting the course of a nearby river. The river later returned to its original course, burying much of the city in silt and sand. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Timgad]], [[Algeria]] – Roman city founded by the emperor Trajan around 100 CE, covered by sand in the 7th century. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Aoudaghost]], [[Mauritania]] – wealthy [[Berber people|Berber]] city in [[Ghana Empire|medieval Ghana]].

===== Horn of Africa =====
* [[Adulis]], [[Eritrea]] – a port city of the Aksumite kingdom built between 500 and 300 BC.
* [[Qohaito]], [[Eritrea]] – 1000 BC city of the [[Kingdom of Axum]].
* [[Metera]], [[Eritrea]] – 800 BC lost town.
* [[Keskese]], [[Eritrea]] – 700 BC lost city.
* [[Hubat]], [[Ethiopia]] – capital of [[Harla Kingdom]]

===== Subsaharan Africa =====
* [[Great Zimbabwe]] – built between the 11th and the 14th century, this city is the namesake of modern-day [[Zimbabwe]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Niani, Guinea|Niani]], [[Guinea]] – lost capital of the [[Mali Empire]]

==== Uncertain or disputed ====
* [[Lost City of the Kalahari]] – possibly invented

==== Undiscovered ====
* [[Itjtawy]], [[Egypt]] – capital during the 12th Dynasty. Exact location still unknown, but it is believed to lie near the modern town of [[el-Lisht]].
* [[Thinis]], [[Egypt]] – undiscovered city and centre of the [[Thinite Confederacy]], the leader of which, [[Menes]], united [[Upper and Lower Egypt]] and was the first [[pharaoh]].
* [[Kubar]], [[Ethiopia]] – a lost major city of the [[Kingdom of Aksum]]
* [[Dakkar]], [[Ethiopia]] – capital of the [[Adal Sultanate]]

=== Asia ===
==== Central Asia ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Ai-Khanoum]] – site of a [[Hellenistic]] city in [[Afghanistan]], probably a military and economic center.
* [[Karakorum (palace)|Karakorum]] – capital of the [[Mongol Empire]] under [[Genghis Khan]].
* [[Khara-Khoto]] – [[Western Xia]] centre of trade located in [[Inner Mongolia]], mentioned in ''[[The Travels of Marco Polo]]'' as Etzina.
* [[Loulan Kingdom|Loulan]] – located in the Taklamakan Desert, on the ancient Silk Road route.
* [[Mangazeya]], [[Siberia]] – a trade colony and eventual city, from the 17th century.
* [[Niya (Tarim Basin)|Niya]] – located in the [[Taklamakan Desert]], on the ancient [[Silk Road]] route.
* [[Old Urgench]] – capital of [[Khwarezm]]. Now a [[UNESCO]] World Heritage Site.
* [[Otrar]] – city located along the Silk Road, important in the history of [[Central Asia]].
* [[Poykent]] – also known as Paykend, a city in modern [[Uzbekistan]] located on the [[Oasis of Bukhara]].
* [[Subashi (lost city)|Subashi]] – located in the [[Taklamakan Desert]], on the ancient [[Silk Road]] route.<ref>[http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~pamlogan/silkroad/index.html Lost Cities of the Silk Road].</ref>

===== Undiscovered =====
*  [[Abaskun]] – medieval [[Caspian Sea]] trading port
*  [[Margiana|Alexandria in Margiana]] – historical region centered on the [[oasis]] of Merv, and a minor [[Satrap|satrapy]] within the [[Achaemenid Empire]]

==== East Asia ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Shimao culture|Shimao site]] – Large stone settlements in [[List of Neolithic cultures of China|Neolithic China]].
* [[Yinxu]] – The capitals of [[Shang dynasty]].
* [[Shangdu|Xanadu]] – Important cities of the Yuan dynasty, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

==== Undiscovered ====

* [[Wanggeom-seong]] – historic capital of [[Gojoseon]], the first kingdom of [[Korea]], supposedly founded by the legendary king [[Dangun]].

===== Uncertain or disputed =====
* [[Yamataikoku|Yamatai]], [[Japan]] – ancient country in [[Wa (name of Japan)|Wa (Japan)]] during the late [[Yayoi period]]

==== South Asia ====
===== India =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Dholavira]] – located in Gujarat. City of the [[Indus Valley civilization]].
* [[Dvārakā]] – ancient city of [[Krishna]], hero of the [[Mahabharata]]. Now largely excavated. Off the coast of the Indian state of Gujarat.
* [[Kalibangan]] – located in [[Rajasthan]], India – early city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
* [[Lothal]] – located in [[Gujarat]], [[India]] – early city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
* [[Pattadakal]] – located in [[Karnataka]], India. Now a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]].
* [[Puhar, Mayiladuthurai]] – located in [[Tamil Nadu]], India.
* [[Rakhigarhi]] – located in [[Haryana]], largest Indus Valley Civilization site, dating back to 4600 BCE.
* [[Surkotada]] – located in Gujarat, India – early city of the Indus Valley Civilization.
* [[Vasai]] – located in India, former capital (1533–1740) of the Northern Provinces of Portuguese India
* [[Vijayanagara]] – located in [[Karnataka]], India. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

======Uncertain or disputed======
* [[Kumari Kandam]] – a fictional lost [[continent]] south of [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url={{GBurl|id=HKwzAwAAQBAJ|pg=PA91}}|title=Encyclopedia of Imaginary and Mythical Places|first=Theresa|last=Bane|date=March 8, 2014|publisher=McFarland|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url={{GBurl|id=elYyJuYuAhwC|pg=PP1}}|title=The Lost Land of Lemuria: Fabulous Geographies, Catastrophic Histories|first=Sumathi|last=Ramaswamy|date=September 27, 2004|publisher=University of California Press|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url={{GBurl|id=vMDgGwAACAAJ}}|title=Historical Method in Relation to Problems of South Indian History|first=Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta|last=Sastri|date=June 9, 1941|publisher=University of Madras|via=Google Books}}</ref>

====== Undiscovered ======
* [[Muziris]] – located near [[Cranganore]], [[Kerala]], southern India

===== Nepal =====
* [[Lumbini]] – located in [[Rupandehi district]], birthplace of [[Gautam Buddha]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Sinja Valley]] – located in [[Jumla district]], capital city of medieval [[Khasa Kingdom]] and origin of [[Khas language|Khas (Nepali) language]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

===== Pakistan =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Chanhudaro]] – located in Pakistan's Sindh province, an [[Indus Valley civilization]] city
*[[Ganweriwal]] – located in the [[Cholistan Desert]] of Punjab, Pakistan – was a large town of the Indus Valley Civilization, not yet excavated.
*[[Harappa]] – located in [[Punjab, Pakistan]] – early city of the Indus Valley Civilization
* [[Kot Diji]] – located in Pakistan's Sindh province [[Indus Valley civilization]] city
* [[Mehrgarh]] – located in Pakistan's [[Balochistan, Pakistan|Balochistan]] province [[Indus Valley civilization]] city
* [[Mohenjo-daro]] – located in [[Sindh|Sindh, Pakistan]] — early city of the [[Indus Valley civilization]]. The city was one of the early urban settlements in the world.
*[[Seri Bahlol]] – located in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province — an ancient town, now the site of ruins.
*[[Sokhta Koh]] – located near the city of [[Pasni (city)|Pasni]] — another ancient settlement of the Indus Valley.
*[[Sutkagan Dor]] – located near the [[Dasht River]] — was a small settlement in the Indus Valley, now in ruins.
*[[Takht-i-Bahi]] – located in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]] province — an ancient [[Indo-Parthian Kingdom|Indo-Parthian]] Buddhist monastery site.
* [[Taxila]] – located in Pakistan's Punjab province.

====== Undiscovered ======
* [[Naga Puram]] – located in Pakistan's Sindh province, a city of the [[Indus Valley civilization]]. The city was on the banks of the [[Ghaghara|Ghaghara River]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Durant |first=Will |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23249604 |title=The story of civilization |date=1963 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |others=Ariel Durant |isbn=0-671-54800-X |edition=1st |volume=I: Our Oriental Heritage |location=New York |pages=394 |oclc=23249604}}</ref>

===== Sri Lanka =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Anuradhapura]] – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Sigiriya]] – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Polonnaruwa]] – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

==== Southeast Asia ====
===== Rediscovered =====
[[File:Siem Reap Reflections (CAMBODIA-REFLECTION-ANGKOR WAT) VI (1070423631).jpg|thumb|[[Angkor]] was rediscovered by [[Henri Mouhot]] in 1860.]]
* [[Angkor]], [[Cambodia]] – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/metropolis-angkor-the-worlds-first-megacity-461623.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923054500/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/metropolis-angkor-the-worlds-first-megacity-461623.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 23, 2008|title=Metropolis: Angkor, the world's first mega-city|website=[[Independent.co.uk]]}}</ref>
* [[Ayutthaya (city)|Ayutthaya]], Thailand – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Mahendraparvata]], Cambodia
* [[Sukhothai historical park|Sukhothai]], Thailand – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Wilwatikta]], [[Indonesia]] – capital city of [[Majapahit Kingdom]], now in Trowulan, [[Mojokerto]], [[East Java]], Indonesia.

===== Undiscovered =====
* [[Gangga Negara]], [[Malaysia]]

===== Uncertain or disputed =====
* [[Kota Gelanggi]], Malaysia
* [[Ma-i]], [[Philippines]] – was a sovereign polity that pre-dated the Hispanic establishment of the Philippines and notable for having established trade relations with the Kingdom of Brunei, and with Song and Ming dynasty China. Its existence was recorded both in the Chinese Imperial annals Zhu Fan Zhi (諸番志) and History of Song.

==== Western Asia ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Ani]] – medieval [[Armenians|Armenian]] capital, located on the Turkish side of the Armenia–Turkey border.
* [[Antioch]] – ancient Greek city, important stronghold in the time of the [[Crusades]].
* [[Babylon]] – Ancient Mesopotamian capital.
* [[Caesarea Maritima|Caesarea]]
* [[Çatalhöyük]] – a [[Neolithic]] and [[Chalcolithic]] settlement, located near the modern city of [[Konya]], [[Turkey]].
* [[Choqa Zanbil]]
* [[Ctesiphon]] – Capital of the [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] and [[Sassanid Empire]]s in Iran.
* [[Göbekli Tepe]] – 12,000 years old [[Paleolithic]] settlement. It was likely not a city, but rather a temple complex.
* [[Hattusa]] – capital of the [[Hittite Empire]]. Located near the modern village of [[Boğazkale|Boğazköy]] in north-central Turkey.
* [[Karahan Tepe]] – Paleolithic settlement built by the same culture as Göbekli Tepe.
* [[Kourion]], [[Cyprus]]
* [[Kish (Sumer)|Kish]] – the ''[[Sumerian king list]]'' states that Kish was the first city to have kings following the deluge.<ref>[https://isac.uchicago.edu/sites/default/files/uploads/shared/docs/as11.pdf] Thorkild Jacobsen, "The Sumerian King List", Assyriological Studies 11, Chicago: University of Chricago Press, 1939</ref>
* [[Lagash]] – Sumerian city.
* [[Mada'in Saleh]] (and capitol [[Petra]]) – now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Sarai (city)|New Sarai]] – capital of the [[Golden Horde]]
* [[Nineveh]] – Second Capital of the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]].
* [[Persepolis]] – Ceremonial Complex built by [[Achaemenid]] kings.
* [[Samaria (ancient city)|Samaria]]
* [[Tmutarakan]]
* [[Troy]] – Bronze Age anatolian city made famous by [[Homer]]'s [[Iliad]]. 
* [[Ur]] – Sumerian city.

===== Undiscovered =====
* [[Akkad (city)|Akkad]]
* [[Arimathea]]
* [[Balanjar]] – second [[Khazars|Khazar]] capital
* [[Ekallatum]]
* [[Khazaran]]
* [[Kussara]]
* [[Samandar (city)|Samandar]]
* [[Firozkoh|Turquoise Mountain (Firozkoh)]] – summer capital of the [[Ghurid dynasty]] of Afghanistan, destroyed 1223
* [[Washukanni]] – capital of the [[Hurrians|Hurrian]] kingdom of [[Mitanni]]

====== Uncertain or disputed ======
* [[Atil]] – final capital of the [[Khazars|Khazar Khagnate]], located in the vicinity of [[Samosdelka|Samosdelka, Russia]].
* [[Iram of the Pillars]]
* [[Irisaĝrig]] – Southern [[Iraq]], near the town of [[Afak]]<ref name="Jarus 2018">{{cite web |last=Jarus |first=Owen |date=2018-05-30 |title=Lost City of Irisagrig Comes to Life in Ancient Stolen Tablets |url=https://www.livescience.com/62688-lost-city-of-irisagrig-ancient-tablets.html |access-date=2022-10-26 |website=livescience.com}}</ref>
* [[Narbata]] – Hebrew: [[w:he:נרבתא|נרבתא]]. Jewish city in [[First Jewish–Roman War|The Great Revolt]].
* [[Sarai (city)|Old Sarai]] – capital of the [[Golden Horde]], its status as a separated city from [[New Sarai]] is still disputed.
* [[Saqsin]]

=== Europe ===
==== Austria ====
* [[Noreia]] – the capital of the ancient Celtic kingdom of Noricum. Possibly in southern [[Austria]] or [[Slovenia]].

==== Bosnia and Herzegovina ====
* [[Daorson]] – the capital of ancient Illyrian community in present-day [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]].

==== Bulgaria ====
* [[Perperikon]] – the megalith complex had been laid in ruins and re-erected many times in history – from the Bronze Age until Middle Ages.
* [[Seuthopolis]] – an ancient Thracian city, discovered and excavated in 1948. It was founded by king [[Seuthes III]] around 325 BC. Its ruins are now located at the bottom of the [[Koprinka Reservoir]] near the city of [[Kazanlak]].

==== Croatia ====
* [[Heraclea (Croatia)|Heraclea]] somewhere in the Adriatic on the Croatian coast. Exact location unknown.

==== Denmark ====
* [[Høgekøbing]]
* [[Ræveleje]]
* [[Serridslev]]
* [[Sønderside]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://videnskab.dk/kultur-samfund/arkaeologer-finder-spor-fra-druknet-middelalderhavn-hvordan-kunne-den-forsvinde-saa-pludseligt/ | title=Arkæologer finder spor fra druknet middelalderhavn: Hvordan kunne den forsvinde så pludseligt? | date=5 February 2024 }}</ref>

==== Finland ====
* [[Teljä]]

==== France ====
* [[Quentovic]] – In 842, the ancient port of ''Quentovicus'' was destroyed by a Viking fleet.
* [[Thérouanne]] – In 1553, the city was razed, the roads broken up and the fields ploughed and salted by command of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]].

==== Germany ====
* [[Damasia]] – An ancient hill-top settlement on the [[Lech (river)|Lech]], of the Licates, a tribe of the Celtic [[Vindelici]]. Commonly identified with either the [[Auerberg]] or pre-Roman [[Augsburg]]. According to folklore, sunken into the [[Ammersee]].
* [[Hedeby]]
* [[Rungholt]] – [[Wadden Sea]] in [[Germany]], sunk during the "[[Grote Mandrenke]]", a storm surge in the [[North Sea]] on January 16, 1362
* [[Niedam]] – near [[Rungholt]]
* [[Vineta]]

==== Greece ====
* [[Santorini#Minoan Akrotiri|Akrotiri]] – on the island of [[Santorini|Thera]], Greece.
* [[Chryse Island]] – in the Aegean, reputed site of an ancient temple still visible on the sea floor.
* [[Helike]] – sunk by an [[earthquake]] in the 4th century BC and rediscovered in the 1990s.
* [[Mycenae]]
* [[Pavlopetri]] – underwater off the coast of southern Laconia in [[Peloponnese]], is about 5,000 years old, and is the oldest submerged archaeological town site.

==== Hungary ====
* [[Avar Ring]] – central stronghold of the [[Pannonian Avars|Avars]], it is believed to have been in the wide plain between the [[Danube]] and the [[Tisza]].<ref>[http://www.mainlesson.com/display.php?author=morris&book=french&story=avars Charlemagne and the Avars].</ref>

==== Iceland ====
* [[Gunnbjörn's skerries]] - a group of islands between Iceland and Greenland that were briefly settled before being destroyed in a volcanic eruption.

==== Italy ====
* [[Acerrae Vatriae]] – a town of the Sarranates mentioned by [[Pliny the Elder]] as having been situated in an unknown location in [[Umbria]].
* [[Castro, Lazio|Castro]] – a city in [[Lazio]], capital of a Duchy ruled by the Farnese family. It was destroyed by a Papal army in 1649.
* [[Luni, Italy|Luni]]
* [[Paestum]] – Greek and Roman city south of Naples; three famous Greek temples.
* [[Pompeii]], [[Herculaneum]], and [[Stabiae]] – all buried during the eruption of [[Vesuvius]] in 79 AD and rediscovered in the 18th century.
* [[Sybaris]], [[Italy]] – ancient Greek colonial city of unsurpassed wealth utterly destroyed by its arch-rival [[Crotona]] in 510 BC.
* [[Tripergole]] – ancient Roman spa village on the eastern shores of the [[Lucrine Lake]] in the [[Campi Flegrei]]. The village and most of the lake were buried by [[tephra]] in 1538 during the volcanic eruption that created [[Monte Nuovo]]. The exact location of the village and its associated hot springs can no longer be identified.

==== Lithuania ====
* [[Apuolė]]

==== Netherlands ====
* [[Brittenburg]] – ancient Roman settlement
* [[Dorestad]]
* [[Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal|Reimerswaal]] – flooded in the 16th century.
* [[Saeftinghe]] – prosperous city lost to the sea in 1584.

==== Norway ====
* [[Kaupang]] – In Viksfjord near [[Larvik]], [[Norway]]. Largest trading city around the [[Oslo Fjord]] during the [[Viking]] age. As sea levels retreated (the shoreline is 7m lower today than in 1000) the city was no longer accessible from the ocean and was abandoned.

==== Poland ====
* [[Biskupin]]
* [[Truso]]
* [[Jomsborg]]

==== Portugal ====
* [[Ammaia]] - Roman villa Abandoned between the 5th and the 9th century AD.
* [[Conímbriga]] – early trading post dating to the 9th century BC. Abandoned in the 8th century AD.

==== Romania ====
* [[Sarmisegetuza Regia]] – the old capital of the Ancient Dacian Kingdom.
* [[Vicina (town)|Vicina]] – a port on the [[Danube]], near the [[Danube Delta|Delta]].
* [[Orașul de Floci]] – a former trading town on the [[Danube]].

==== Russia ====
* [[Bolghar]] – important [[Silk Road]] city on the [[Volga]] river, razed by the [[Tatars|Tatar]]. 
* [[Ilimsk]] – a small town in [[Siberia]]. Flooded by the Ust-Ilimsk Reservoir in the mid-1970s.
* [[Kitezh]] – mythical city beneath the waters in central [[Russia]].
* [[Mangazeya]] – a trading colony on the [[Pomors]]' [[Northern Sea Route]], was abandoned in the 17th century after the Northern Sea Route was banned. Mangazeya was considered lost until it was re-discovered by archaeologists in 1967.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Watkins |first1=Thayer |title=Mangazeya: A 16th Century Arctic Trading City |url=http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/mangazeya.htm |publisher=[[San José State University]] |access-date=8 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021125045505/http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/mangazeya.htm |archive-date=25 November 2002 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Peremyshl, Muscovy|Peremyshl]] – town that was founded in 1152.
* [[Tmutarakan]] – a trading town of [[Rus' Khaganate]]

==== Serbia ====
* [[Stari Ras]] – one of the first capitals of the medieval Serbian state of Raška, abandoned in the 13th century.

==== Slovakia ====
* Myšia Hôrka (near [[Spišský Štvrtok]]) – 3500 years old town (rediscovered in the 20th century) and archaeological site.

==== Spain ====
* [[Amaya (Burgos)|Amaya]] – either the capital or one of the most important cities of the [[Cantabri]]. Probably located in what nowadays is called "Amaya Peak" in [[Burgos]], northern [[Spain]].
* [[Cypsela, Spain|Cypsela]] – drowned Ibero-Greek settlement in the Catalan shore, Spain. Mentioned by Greek, Roman and Medieval chroniclers.
* [[Reccopolis]] – one of the capital cities founded in Hispania by the [[Visigoths]]. The site was incrementally abandoned in the 10th century.
* [[Tartessos]] – a harbor city or an economical complex of small harbors and trade routes set on the mouth of the Guadalquivir river, in modern Andalusia, Spain. Tartessos is believed to be either the seat of an independent kingdom or a community of palatial cities devoted to exporting the mineral resources of the Hispanic mainland to the sea, to meet the Phoenician and Greek traders. Its destruction is still a matter of debate among historians, and one modern tendency tends to believe that Tartessos was never a city, but a culture complex.

==== Sweden ====
* [[Birka]]
* [[Ny Varberg]]
* [[Uppåkra]]

==== United Kingdom ====
* [[Calleva Atrebatum]], [[Silchester]], [[England]] – large Romano-British walled city {{convert|10|mi|km}} south of present-day [[Reading, Berkshire]]. Just the walls remain and a street pattern can be discerned from the air.
* [[Evonium]], [[Scotland]] – purported coronation site and capital of 40 kings
* [[Skara Brae]], [[Orkney]], Scotland – Neolithic settlement buried under sediment. Uncovered by a winter storm in 1850.

==== Ukraine ====
* [[Árheimar]] – a capital of the [[Goths]], that was located near the [[Dnieper]] river
* [[Bolokhiv]] – abandoned in the 13th century.

=== North America ===
==== Canada ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[L'Anse aux Meadows]] – Viking settlement founded in 1021 AD. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[The Lost Villages|Lost Villages]] – The Lost Villages are ten communities (Aultsville, Dickinson's Landing, Farran's Point, Maple Grove, Mille Roches, Moulinette, Santa Cruz, Sheek's Island, Wales, Woodlands) in the Canadian province of Ontario, in the former townships of Cornwall and Osnabruck (now South Stormont) near Cornwall, which were permanently submerged by the creation of the [[St. Lawrence Seaway]] in 1958.
=====Undiscovered=====
* [[Hóp (Vinland)|Hóp]] - A possible Viking settlement south of Staumsfjord in [[Vinland]] alluded to in the [[Saga of the Greenlanders]].

==== Caribbean ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Port Royal]], [[Jamaica]] – Destroyed by the [[1692 Jamaica earthquake]].

==== Mexico and Central America ====
===== Maya cities =====
''Incomplete list – for further information, see [[Maya civilization]]''

====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Calakmul]] – One of two superpowers in the classic Maya period. Now a UNESCO [[World Heritage Site]].
* [[Chichen Itza]] – This ancient place of pilgrimage is still the most visited Maya ruin. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Coba]]
* [[Copán]] – In modern [[Honduras]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Naachtun]] – Rediscovered in 1922, it remains one of the most remote and least visited Maya sites. Located {{convert|44|km|mi|abbr=in}} south-south-east of Calakmul, and {{convert|65|km|mi|abbr=in}} north of Tikal, it is believed to have had strategic importance to, and been vulnerable to military attacks by, both neighbours. Its ancient name was identified in the mid-1990s as ''Masuul''.
* [[Palenque]] – in the Mexican state of [[Chiapas]], known for its beautiful art and architecture. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Tikal]] – One of two major powers in the classic Maya period. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Tulum]] – Mayan coastal city.

===== Olmec cities =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[La Venta]] – In the present day [[Mexican state]] of [[Tabasco]].
* [[San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán]] – In the present day [[Mexican state]] of [[Veracruz]].

===== Totonac Cities =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Teotihuacan]] – Pre-Aztec Mexico.<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/teot/hd_teot.htm Teotihuacan], The Metropolitan Museum of Art.</ref> Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

===== Other =====
====== Rediscovered ======
* [[Izapa]] – Chief city of the [[Izapa]] civilization, whose territory extended from the Gulf Coast across to the Pacific Coast of [[Chiapas]], in present-day [[Mexico]], and [[Guatemala]].
* [[Guayabo]] – In Costa Rica. It is believed that the site was inhabited from 1500 BCE to 1400 CE, and had at its peak a population of around 10,000.

==== United States ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Ajacán Mission]] – an attempt by Spain to found a mission in Virginia in the mid-16th century. The entire party of 30 was massacred by Native Americans in February 1571. Only one survivor was left.
* The cities of the [[Ancestral Pueblo]] (or [[Anasazi]]) culture, located in the [[Four Corners]] region of the [[Southwest United States]] – The best known are located at [[Chaco Canyon]] and [[Mesa Verde]].
* [[Etzanoa]] – located in [[Arkansas City, Kansas]]. City of the [[Wichita people|Wichita culture]]. It was home to around 20,000 people at its height, and it was inhabited from c. 1450–1700 AD.
* [[Fort San Juan (Joara)]] - a Spanish fort build by the Pardo expedition in 1567. Destroyed by Indians one year later. Rediscovered in 2016.
* [[Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey|Bethel Indian Town, New Jersey]] – [[Lenape]] settlement which disappeared as the Lenape were pushed west.
* [[Cahokia]] – Located near present-day [[St. Louis, Missouri]]. At its height Cahokia is believed to have had a population of between 40,000 and 80,000 people, making it amongst the largest [[Pre-Columbian era|Pre-Columbian]] cities of the Americas. It is known chiefly for its huge pyramidal mounds of compacted earth. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Pueblo Grande de Nevada]] a complex of villages, located near [[Overton, Nevada]]
* [[Roanoke Colony]]
* Sarabay – a [[Mocama]] settlement in northeast [[Florida]], mentioned in both French and Spanish documents dating to the 1560s.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.heritagedaily.com/2021/06/archaeologists-uncover-lost-indigenous-ne-florida-settlement-of-sarabay/139419 |title=Archaeologists uncover lost Indigenous NE Florida settlement of Sarabay |website=Heritage Daily |date=8 June 2021 }}</ref>

=== South America ===
==== Inca cities ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Choquequirao]] – One of the last bastions of Incan resistance against the Spaniards and refuge of [[Manco Inca Yupanqui]].
* [[Machu Picchu]] – Possibly [[Pachacuti]]'s Family Palace. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Vilcabamba, Perú|Vilcabamba]] – Currently known as Espiritu Pampa, the capital of the [[Neo-Inca State]] (1539–1572).
* [[Vitcos]] – Currently known as Rosaspata, a residence and ceremonial center of the Neo-Inca State.

==== Other ====
===== Rediscovered =====
* [[Cahuachi]] – [[Nazca]], in present-day [[Peru]].
* [[Caral]] – An important center of the [[Norte Chico civilization]], in present-day [[Peru]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Chan Chan]] – [[Chimu]]. Located near [[Trujillo, Peru|Trujillo]], in present-day [[Peru]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Kuelap]] – A massive ruined city, still covered in jungle, that was the capital of the [[Chachapoyas culture]] in Northern Peru.<ref>[http://www.news.com.au/travel/story/0,28318,24750678-5014090,00.html Amazon jungle gives up lost city of the 'Cloud People'], News.com.au.</ref>
* [[Moche City]] – Largest city of the [[Moche culture|Moche]] culture. Known for its large semi-pyramidal buildings, [[Huaca del Sol]] and [[Huaca de la Luna]].
* [[Nueva Cádiz]] – In [[Venezuela]], one of the first Spanish settlements in the Americas.
* [[Santa María la Antigua del Darién]] – First permanent [[Europe]]an settlement in the mainland of the continental [[Americas]], in the [[Darién Gap|Darién]] region between [[Panama]] and [[Colombia]]. Founded by [[Vasco Núñez de Balboa]] in 1510. Found in 2012.
* [[Teyuna]] ([[Ciudad Perdida]]) located in present-day [[Colombia]]<ref>[http://www.lostcitytour.com/ Lost City Teyuna], Lostcitytour.com.</ref>
* [[Tiahuanaco]] – pre-[[Inca]] site, also known as Tiwanaku. Located in present-day [[Bolivia]]. Now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
* [[Upano Valley Sites]] – Urban complex in Ecuadorian Amazon, discovered in early 2024.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.science.org/content/article/laser-mapping-reveals-oldest-amazonian-cities-built-2500-years-ago | title=Laser mapping reveals oldest Amazonian cities, built 2500 years ago }}</ref>

===== Status Unknown =====
* [[La Ciudad Blanca]] – a [[Legend|legendary]] [[Landscape archaeology|settlement]] said to be located in the [[La Mosquitia (Honduras)|Mosquitia region]] of the [[Gracias a Dios Department]] in eastern [[Honduras]].