Editing Lordship of Ireland (section)

===Henry Plantagenet and {{lang|la|Laudabiliter}}===
{{further|Laudabiliter}}
From 1155 Henry claimed that [[Pope Adrian IV]] had given him authorisation to reform the Irish church by assuming control of Ireland. Religious practices and ecclesiastical organisation in Ireland had evolved divergently from those in areas of Europe influenced more directly by the [[Holy See]], although many of these differences had been eliminated or greatly lessened by the time the bull was issued in 1155.<ref>{{cite book | first = Austin Lane | last =  Poole | title = From Domesday book to Magna Carta, 1087–1216 | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1993 | page = 303}}</ref> Further, the former [[Celtic Christianity|Irish church]] had never sent its dues ("[[tithe]]s") to Rome. Henry's primary motivation for invading Ireland in 1171 was to control Strongbow and other Norman lords. In the process he accepted the [[fealty]] of the [[Gaels|Gaelic]] kings at Dublin in November 1171 and summoned the [[Synod of Cashel]] in 1172, this bringing the Irish Church into conformity with English and European norms.

In 1175 the [[Treaty of Windsor (1175)|Treaty of Windsor]] was agreed by Henry and [[Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair]], [[High King of Ireland]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ó Cróinín|first=Dáibhí|title=Early Medieval Ireland, 400-1200|page=6|year=2013|location=London|publisher=Routledge|quote=1175: Treaty of Windsor between Ruaidri Ua Conchobhair, high-king, and Henry II. 1183: Ruaidri Ua Conchobhair deposed.}}</ref>

The popes asserted the right to grant sovereignty over islands to different monarchs on the basis of the [[Donation of Constantine]] (now known to be a forgery). Doubts were cast by eminent scholars on {{lang|la|[[Laudabiliter]]}} itself in the 19th century, but it had been confirmed by the letters of [[Pope Alexander III]]. The Papal power to grant also fell within the remit of {{lang|la|[[Dictatus papae]]}} (1075–1087).  While {{lang|la|Laudabiliter}} had referred to the "kingdom" of Ireland, the Papacy was ambiguous about continuing to describe it as a kingdom as early as 1185.