Editing Loom (section)

===Basic structure===
<imagemap align=left>
File:Simple_treadle_floorloom,_line_drawing.png|thumb|upright=1.5|left|A simple treadle floor loom. Mouse over components for pop-up links. The warp runs horizontally. On the left the warp beam, held from turning by with a weighted trough to keep the warp taut; on the right, the cloth beam (also called a ''breast beam'' on this type of loom), with a [[Ratchet (device)|pawl and ratchet]] to allow the weaver to roll up the fell. In the center, devices for performing the motions of weaving.

poly 735 1063 1335 731 1488 825 1016 1148 [[Lease rods]]
poly 1360 808 1904 553 1921 1152 1399 1437 [[Heddle|Heddles and heddle frames or harness]]
poly 2036 510 1998 1386 2678 812 2614 315 [[Beater (weaving)|Batten bar or beater bar]]
poly 2155 1063 2538 799 2542 888 2164 1161 [[Reed (weaving)|Reed]]
poly 2648 816 2559 922 2627 961 2721 876 [[Shuttle (weaving)|Shuttle]]
poly 1611 1590 1462 1836 2780 2023 2993 1768 [[Treadle]]s
poly 2729 829 2470 1058 2491 1271 2835 969 2831 820 [[Breast beam]]
poly 327 990 336 1186 999 897 1024 799 973 723 [[Warp beam]]

desc bottom-left
</imagemap>

[[File:loomwork.jpg|thumb|Weaving a tapestry on a [[#Tapestry looms|vertical loom]] in [[Konya]], Turkey]]
[[File:Ankara 4P5C4752 (27616736687).jpg|thumb|upright|A Turkish carpet loom showing warp threads wrapped around the warp beam, above, and the fell being wrapped onto the cloth beam below.]]
[[File:Tropenmuseum Royal Tropical Institute Objectnumber 403-150 Toestel voor het vervaardigen van kral.jpg|thumb|A simple handheld frame loom]]

Weaving is done on two sets of threads or yarns, which cross one another. The [[Warp (weaving)|warp]] threads are the ones stretched on the loom (from the [[Proto-Indo-European]] *''[[:wiktionary:warp|werp]]'', "to bend"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=warp|title=warp - Search Online Etymology Dictionary|website=www.etymonline.com}}</ref>). Each thread of the [[weft]] (i.e. "that which is woven") is inserted so that it passes over and under the warp threads.

The ends of the warp threads are usually fastened to beams. One end is fastened to one beam, the other end to a second beam, so that the warp threads all lie parallel and are all the same length. The beams are held apart to keep the warp threads taut. 

The textile is woven starting at one end of the warp threads, and progressing towards the other end. The beam on the finished-fabric end is called the ''cloth beam''. The other beam is called the ''warp beam''. 

Beams may be used as rollers to allow the weaver to weave a piece of cloth longer than the loom. As the cloth is woven, the warp threads are gradually unrolled from the warp beam, and the woven portion of the cloth is rolled up onto the cloth beam (which is also called the ''takeup roll''). The portion of the fabric that has already been formed but not yet rolled up on the takeup roll is called the ''fell''. 

Not all looms have two beams. For instance, warp-weighted looms have only one beam; the warp yarns hang from this beam. The bottom ends of the warp yarns are tied to dangling loom weights.

<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Weaving demonstrated on a historic loom in Leiden.webm|thumbtime=12|Weaving demonstration on an 1830 handloom in the [[Museum Het Leids Wevershuis|weaving museum]] in [[Leiden]]
</gallery>

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