Editing Lonsdaleite (section)

==Manufacture==
In addition to [[Chemical synthesis|laboratory synthesis]] by compressing and heating [[graphite]] either in a static press or using explosives,<ref name=Bundy-Kasper-1967>
{{cite journal
 |last1=Bundy  |first1=F.P.
 |last2=Kasper |first2=J.S.
 |year=1967
 |title=Hexagonal diamond — a new form of carbon
 |journal=Journal of Chemical Physics
 |volume=46 |issue=9 |page=3437
 |doi=10.1063/1.1841236 |bibcode=1967JChPh..46.3437B
}}
</ref><ref name=He-etal-2002>
{{cite journal
 |last1=He        |first1=Hongliang
 |last2=Sekine    |first2=T.
 |last3=Kobayashi |first3=T.
 |year=2002
 |title=Direct transformation of cubic diamond to hexagonal diamond |journal=Applied Physics Letters
 |volume=81 |issue=4 |page=610
 |doi=10.1063/1.1495078 |bibcode=2002ApPhL..81..610H
}}
</ref> lonsdaleite has also been produced by [[chemical vapor deposition]],<ref>
{{cite journal
 |last1=Bhargava |first1=Sanjay    |last2=Bist  |first2=H.D.
 |last3=Sahli    |first3=S.        |last4=Aslam |first4=M.
 |last5=Tripathi |first5=H.B.
 |year=1995
 |title=Diamond polytypes in the chemical vapor deposited diamond films
 |journal=Applied Physics Letters
 |volume=67 |issue=12 |pages=1706
 |doi=10.1063/1.115023 |bibcode=1995ApPhL..67.1706B
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
 |last1=Nishitani-Gamo |first1=Mikka        |last2=Sakaguchi |first2=Isao
 |last3=Loh            |first3=Kian Ping    |last4=Kanda     |first4=Hisao
 |last5=Ando           |first5=Toshihiro
 |year=1998
 |title=Confocal Raman spectroscopic observation of hexagonal diamond formation from dissolved carbon in nickel under chemical vapor deposition conditions
 |journal=Applied Physics Letters
 |volume=73 |issue=6 |pages=765
 |doi=10.1063/1.121994 |bibcode=1998ApPhL..73..765N
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
 |last1=Misra    |first1=Abha           |last2=Tyagi    |first2=Pawan K.
 |last3=Yadav    |first3=Brajesh S.     |last4=Rai      |first4=P.
 |last5=Misra    |first5=D.S.           |last6=Pancholi |first6=Vivek
 |last7=Samajdar |first7=I.D.
 |year=2006
 |title=Hexagonal diamond synthesis on h-GaN strained films
 |journal=Applied Physics Letters
 |volume=89 |issue=7 |page=071911
 |bibcode = 2006ApPhL..89g1911M |doi=10.1063/1.2218043}}
</ref> and also by the thermal decomposition of a polymer, [[poly(hydridocarbyne)]], at atmospheric pressure, under argon atmosphere, at {{convert|1000|°C|°F|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name="facile synthesis">
{{cite journal
 |last1=Nur        |first1=Yusuf
 |last2=Pitcher    |first2=Michael
 |last3=Seyyidoğlu |first3=Semih
 |last4=Toppare    |first4=Levent
 |year=2008
 |title=Facile synthesis of poly(hydridocarbyne): A precursor to diamond and diamond-like ceramics
 |journal=Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part&nbsp;A
 |volume=45 |issue=5 |page=358
 |s2cid=93635541 |doi=10.1080/10601320801946108
}}
</ref><ref name="electrochemical polymerizatıon">
{{cite journal
 |last1=Nur     |first1=Yusuf
 |last2=Cengiz  |first2=Halime M.
 |last3=Pitcher |first3=Michael W.
 |last4=Toppare |first4=Levent K.
 |year=2009
 |title=Electrochemical polymerizatıon of hexachloroethane to form poly(hydridocarbyne): A pre-ceramic polymer for diamond production
 |journal=Journal of Materials Science
 |volume=44  |issue=11  |pages=2774
 |bibcode=2009JMatS..44.2774N  |s2cid=97604277
 |doi=10.1007/s10853-009-3364-4
}}
</ref>

In 2020, researchers at [[Australian National University]] found by accident they were able to produce lonsdaleite at room temperatures using a [[diamond anvil cell]].<ref>
{{cite web
 |last=Lavars |first=Nick
 |date=18 November 2020
 |title=Scientists produce rare diamonds in minutes at room temperature
 |website=New Atlas
 |url=https://newatlas.com/materials/scientists-rare-diamonds-minutes-room-temperature/
|access-date=12 February 2021
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite journal
 |last1=McCulloch |first1=Dougal G.       |last2=Wong     |first2=Sherman
 |last3=Shiell    |first3=Thomas B.       |last4=Haberl   |first4=Bianca
 |last5=Cook      |first5=Brenton A.      |last6=Huang    |first6=Xingshuo
 |last7=Boehler   |first7=Reinhard        |last8=McKenzie |first8=David R.
 |last9=Bradby    |first9=Jodie E.
 |year=2020
 |title=Investigation of room temperature formation of the ultra-hard nanocarbons diamond and lonsdaleite
 |journal=Small
 |volume=16 |issue=50 |pages=2004695
 |doi=10.1002/smll.202004695 |pmid=33150739 |osti=1709105 |s2cid=226259491 |issn=1613-6829
 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.202004695
}}
</ref>

In 2021, Washington State University's Institute for Shock Physics published a paper stating that they created lonsdaleite crystals large enough to measure their stiffness, confirming that they are stiffer than common cubic diamonds. However, the explosion used to create these crystals also destroys them nanoseconds later, providing just enough time to measure stiffness with lasers.<ref>
{{cite news
 |title=Lab made hexagonal diamonds stiffer than natural cubic diamonds
 |date=March 2021
 |website=Phys.org
 |url=https://phys.org/news/2021-03-lab-made-hexagonal-diamonds-stiffer-natural.html
}}
</ref>