Editing List of former sovereign states (section)

==Modern states and territories by geography==
===Africa===
{{See also|List of kingdoms in Africa throughout history}}
{{See also|List of African Great Lakes kingdoms}}
{{Contradicts other|date=June 2013|1=List of pre-modern states}}

====Morocco (Maghreb al-Aqsa)====
* [[Marinid Sultanate]] (1244–1465)
* [[Wattasid dynasty]] (1472–1549)
* [[Saadi Sultanate]] (1510–1649)
* [[Tétouan|Naqsid Principality of Tetouan]] (1597–1673 CE)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Salé (1624-1668).svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Salé]] (1627–1668)
* [['Alawi dynasty]] (1631–1912)
* [[Zawiya Dila'iya]] (1637–1668)
* [[Alawi Sultanate|Sharifian Sultanate]] (1666–1912)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of the Rif]] (1921–1926)

====Egypt, Sudan and Libya====
* [[File:The flag of the 'Kingdom of Dongola' (Makuria) in the "Book of all kingdoms" (C. 1350).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Makuria]] (5th century–1518)
* [[Emirate of Banu Talis]] (1228 - 1551)
* [[File:Possible Flag of the Kingdom of Alodia (c. 1350).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Alodia]] (6th century–1504)
* [[Kingdom of al-Abwab]] (13th century–15th/16th century?]
* [[File: Mameluke Flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Mamluk Sultanate]] (1250–1517)
* [[File:Flag of the Shilluk.svg|20x20px]] [[Shilluk Kingdom]] (15th century–1861)
* [[File:Flag of Egypt (1844-1867).svg|20px]] [[Egypt Eyalet]] (1517–1867)
* [[Kingdom of Fazughli]] ({{circa|1500}}–1685)
* [[File:Royal Funj "wasm" (branding mark).png|31x31px]] [[Sennar (sultanate)|Sultanate of Sennar]] (1504–1821)
* [[Awlad Muhammad|Fezzan Sultanate]] (1550-1812)
* [[File:Flag of Darfur.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Sultanate of Darfur]] (1603–1874/1898–1916)
* [[Taqali]] (1750–1969)
* [[File:Flag of the Mahdi movement in Sudan.svg|20x20px]] [[Mahdist State]] (1885–1899)
* [[File:Flag of the Tripolitanian Republic (Fictional).svg|20px|border]] [[Tripolitanian Republic]] (1918–1922)
* [[File:Flag of Cyrenaica.svg|20x20px]] [[Emirate of Cyrenaica]] (1949–1951)
* [[File:Flag of the United Arab Republic (1958–1971).svg|border|20x20px]] [[United Arab Republic]] (1958–1971)

====Algeria (Central Maghreb)====
* [[File:Hafsid Flag - Tunisia.svg|20px|border]] [[Hafsid dynasty]] (1229–1574)
* [[File:Flag of Béjaïa (14th century).svg|20x20px]] [[Hafsids of Béjaïa|Hafsid Emirate of Béjaïa]] (1285–1510)
* [[File:Dz tlem2.png|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Tlemcen]] (1235–1556)
* [[Kingdom of Kuku]] (1515–1638)
* [[File:Drapeau Royaume Ait Abbas (Beni Abbès).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Beni Abbas]] (1510–1871)
*  [[Sultanate of Tuggurt]] (1414–1871)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Algiers.jpg}} [[Ottoman Algeria|Regency of Algiers]] (1516–1830)
* [[File:Flag of the Emirate of Mascara.svg|23x23px]] [[Emirate of Abdelkader]] (1832–1847)

==== Comoro Islands ====
* [[File:Flag of the Comoros (1975–1978).svg|20x20px]] [[Ali Soilih|Ali Soilih Regime]] (1976–1978)
* [[File:Flag of Anjouan (official).svg|20x20px]] [[Anjouan|State of Anjouan]] (1997–2002), (2007–2008)

==== Madagascar ====
* [[File:Flag of the Antankarana Kingdom.svg|20px|border]] [[Antankarana|Kingdom of Antankarana]] – made a French protectorate in 1843, annexed in 1895
* [[File:Flag of the Antongila Kingdom (1773-1786).svg|20px|border]] [[Maurice Benyovszky#First expedition to Madagascar|Kingdom of Antongil]] (1773–1786)
* [[File:Flag of the Boina Kingdom.svg|20px|border]] [[Boina Kingdom|Kingdom of Boina]] ({{circa|1690}}–1840)
* [[File:Flag of the Menabe Kingdom.svg|20px|border]] [[Menabe|Kingdom of Menabe]] ({{circa|1685}}–1834)
* [[File:Flag of the Merina Kingdom.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Imerina]] (1540–1897)
* [[File:Flag of the Tamatave Kingdom (1750-1819).svg|20px|border]] [[Tamatave|Kingdom of Tamatave]] (1712–1828)
* [[File:Flag of the Tanibe Kingdom (1822-1828).svg|20px|border]] [[Tanibe|Kingdom of Tanibe]] (1822–1828)

====Sub-Saharan Africa====
* [[File:Bornu flag.tif|20px|border]] [[Bornu Empire]] ({{circa|1380}}–1893)
* [[File:Flag of the Shilluk.svg|20px|border]] [[Shilluk Kingdom]] (15th century–1861)
* [[Wadai Empire]] (1501–1912)
* [[Kingdom of Baguirmi]] (1480/1522–1897)

==== Horn of Africa ====
* [[Medri Bahri]] ({{circa|1137}}–1879)
* [[Kingdom of Wolaita|Welayta Kingdom]] (c.1251–1896)
* [[Hadiya Sultanate]] (13th century–15th century)
* [[File:Muzzaffar (Mogadishu area) flag according to 1576 Portuguese map.svg|20px|border]] [[Ajuran Sultanate]] (13th/14th century–17th century)
* [[Ethiopian Empire]] (1270–1974)
* [[Ennarea]] (14th century–{{circa|1710}})
* [[Kingdom of Kaffa]] ({{circa|1390}}–1897)
* [[File:Flag of Adal Sultanate.svg|20px|border]] [[Adal Sultanate]] (1415–1559)
* [[Kingdom of Janjero]] (c.15th century–1894)
* [[File:Red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Majeerteen Sultanate]] (15th/16th century–1927)
* [[File:Red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Imamate of Aussa]] (1577–1734)
* [[Emirate of Harar]] (1647–1887)
* [[Sultanate of the Geledi]] (1695–1911)
* [[File:Red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Aussa Sultanate]] (1734–1936)
* [[File:Isaaq Flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Isaaq Sultanate]] (1750–1884)
* [[Habr Yunis Sultanate]] ({{circa|1769}}–1907)
* [[Kingdom of Gumma]] ({{circa|1770}}–1902)
* [[Kingdom of Gomma]] ({{circa|1780}}–1886)
* [[Kingdom of Jimma]] (1790–1932)
* [[Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea]] (1801–1891)
* [[Kingdom of Gera]] (1835–1887)
* [[File:Red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Hobyo]] (1878–1927)
* {{flagicon|Somalia}} [[State of Somaliland]] (1960)

==== Western Africa ====
* [[Emirate of Trarza]] (1640–1902)
* [[Emirate of Tagant]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
* [[Emirate of Brakna]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
* [[Mali Empire]] ({{circa|1230}}–1672)
* [[Bamana Empire]] (1712–1861)
* [[Khasso]] (17th century–19th century)
* [[Sultanate of Agadez]] (1449–1900)
* [[Songhai Empire]] ({{circa|1340}}–1591)
* [[Mossi Kingdoms|Mossi States]]
** [[List of rulers of the Mossi state of Gurunsi|Gurunsi]] ({{circa|1870}}–1899)
** [[Gwiriko|Gwiriko Kingdom]] (1714–1897)
** [[List of rulers of Liptako|Liptako]] (1718–1897, fully disestablished 1963)
** [[List of rulers of the Mossi state of Tenkodogo|Tenkodogo]] ({{circa|1120}}–1897)
** [[List of rulers of the Mossi state of Wogodogo|Wogodogo]] (1182?–1897)
** [[List of rulers of the Mossi state of Yatenga|Yatenga]] (?–1895)
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilanga|Bilanga]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bilayanga|Bilayanga]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Bongandini|Bongandini]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Con|Con]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Macakoali|Macakoali]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Piela|Piela]]
** [[List of rulers of the Gurma Mossi state of Nungu|Nungu]] (1204–1895)
* [[Zabarma Emirate]] (1860–1897)
* [[File:Flag of the Sokoto Caliphate.svg|20px|border]] [[Sokoto Caliphate]] (1804–1903)
* [[Sultanate of Damagaram]] (1731–1851)
* [[Empire of Great Fulo]] (Denanke Kingdom) (1490–1776)
* [[Imamate of Futa Toro]] (1725–1861)
* [[Jolof Empire]] (1350–1549)
* [[Kingdom of Jolof]] (1549–1875)
* [[Kingdom of Sine]] (c. 1520–1867, fully disestablished 1969)
* [[Saloum|Kingdom of Saloum]] (1494–1864, fully disestablished 1969)
* [[Baol|Kingdom of Baol]] (1555–1895)
* [[File:Flag Of Cayor2.png|20px]] [[Cayor|Kingdom of Cayor]] (1549–1879)
* [[Waalo|Kingdom of Waalo]] (1287–1855)
* [[Bundu (state)|Bundu]] (1690–1858)
* [[Kaabu]] (1537–1867)
* [[Solimana (state)|Solimana]] (1600s-1869)
* [[File:Flag of the Imamate of Futa Djallon (pre-1896).svg|20x20px]] [[Imamate of Futa Jallon]] (1725–1912)
* [[Toucouleur Empire]] (1861–1890)
* [[File:Flag of the Wassoulou Empire.svg|21px|border]] [[Wassoulou Empire]] (1878–1898)
* [[Kong Empire]] (1710–1898)
* [[Kingdom of Dagbon]] ({{circa|1250}}–1899?)
* [[File:Flag of Ashanti.svg|20px|border]] [[Ashanti Empire]] (1670/1701–1902, still exists as a region)
* [[Bono state|Bonoman]] (11th century–20th century)
* [[Gyaaman]] ({{circa|1450}}–1895)
* [[Denkyira]] ({{circa|1500}}–1701)
* [[Mankessim Kingdom]] (1252–1844)
* [[Fante Confederacy]] (16th century–1873)
* [[Kingdom of Whydah]] ({{circa|1580}}–1727)
* [[File:Flag of Ghezo of Dahomey.svg|20px|border]] [[Dahomey|Kingdom of Dahomey]] ({{circa|1600}}–1904)
* [[Oyo Empire]] ({{circa|1300}}–1896)
* [[Kingdom of Benin]] (1180–1897)
* [[Kingdom of Nri]] (9th century–1911)
* [[File:Nzuko-Arochukwu.png|20px|border]] [[Aro Confederacy]] (1690–1902)
* [[Kwararafa]] ({{circa|1500|1840}})
* {{flagicon|Burkina Faso|}} [[Thomas Sankara]]'s [[Burkina Faso]] government (1984–1987)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Guinea.svg}} [[History of Guinea#Sékou Touré's rule (1958–1984)|People's Revolutionary Republic of Guinea]] (1979–1984)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Maryland.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Maryland]] (1854–1857)
* [[File:Flag of Benin.svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Dahomey]] (1958–1975)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Benin.svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Benin (1967)|Republic of Benin]] (September 19, 1967 – September 20, 1967)
* [[File:Flag of Biafra.svg|20px|border]] [[Biafra]] (1967–1970)

==== African Great Lakes ====
* [[File:Flag of Buganda (1892).svg|20px|border]] [[Buganda]] (14th century–1894, still exists as traditional kingdom)
* [[File:Flag of Bunyoro, Uganda.svg|20px|border]] [[Bunyoro]] (13th century–1897, still exists as traditional kingdom)
* [[File:Flag of Ankole.svg|20px|border]] [[Ankole]] (1478–1901, fully disestablished 1967)
* [[File:Flag of Toro, Uganda.svg|20px|border]] [[Toro Kingdom]] (1830–1876, still exists as traditional kingdom)
* [[File:Flag of Busoga (royal standard).png|20px|border]] [[Busoga]] (?–1906, still exists as traditional kingdom)
* [[Kingdom of Rwanda]] (11th century–1885, fully disestablished 1962)
* [[File:Flag of Burundi (1962–1966).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Burundi]] (1680–1890/1962–1966)
* [[Kingdom of Karagwe]] (1450–1963) {{citation needed|date=February 2023}}

==== Eastern Africa ====
* [[List of rulers of Pate|Pate Sultanate]] (1203–1870)
* [[Malindi Kingdom]] (9th century–15th century)
* [[List of rulers of Mombasa|Mombasa Sultanate]] (1502–1887, fully disestablished 1963)
* [[File:Flag of the Witu Protectorate (1893-1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Wituland|Witu Sultanate]] ({{circa|1810}}–1905/1923)
* [[Kilwa Sultanate]] (957–1513)
* [[Maravi|Kingdom of Maravi]] ({{circa|1480}}–1891)
* [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Zanzibar (1963).svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Zanzibar]] (pre–1503/4, 1856–1890, 1963–1964)
* [[File:Flag of Zanzibar (January-April 1964).svg|20px|border]] [[People's Republic of Zanzibar]] (1964)
* [[File:Flag of Tanganyika (1961–1964).svg|20px|border]] [[Tanganyika (1961–1964)|Tanganyika]] (1961–1964)

====Central Africa====
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Loango.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Loango]] ({{circa|1550|1883}})
* [[Yaka people#Exodus to Kwango Region and establishment of the Yaka kingdom|Yaka Kingdom]] (17th century–18th century)
* [[Anziku Kingdom]] (?–19th century)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Kongo according to Giovanni Cavazzi da Montecuccolo.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Kongo]] (1390–1914)
* [[Kuba Kingdom]] (1625–1884)
* [[Kingdom of Luba]] (1585–1889)
* [[Kingdom of Lunda]] ({{circa|1600}}–1887)
* [[Yeke Kingdom]] (1856–1891)
* [[Kingdom of Ndongo]] (16th century–1671)
* [[Kasanje Kingdom]] (1620–1910)
* [[Kingdom of Matamba]] (1631–1744)
* [[Mbunda Kingdom]] (1700–1914)
* [[Chokwe people#History|Chokwe Kingdom]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
* [[Kazembe#Pre-colonial history|Kazembe Kingdom]] (c. 1740–1894)
* [[International Association of the Congo]] (1879–1885)
* [[File:Flag of the Congo Free State.svg|20px|border]] [[Congo Free State]] (1885–1908)
* [[File:Flag of Zaire (1971–1997).svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Zaire]] (1971–1997)

====Southern Africa====
* Kingdom of [[Barotseland]] (19th century)
* [[File:Coat of arms granted in 1569 by the King of Portugal to Monomatapa.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Mutapa]] (1430–1760)
* [[Kingdom of Zimbabwe]] (1220–1450)
* [[Kingdom of Butua]] (1450–{{circa|1683}})
* [[Rozvi Empire]] (1660–1889)
* [[Mthwakazi|Kingdom of Mthwakazi]] (1823–1894)
* [[Matabeleland|Ndebele Kingdom]]
* [[Gaza Empire]] (1824–1895)
* [[Mthethwa Paramountcy|Mthethwa Empire]] ({{circa|1780}}–1817)
* [[Gciriku]] (1780–1894)
* [[File:Mixed flag of Republic of Swellendam.png|20px|border]] [[Republic of Swellendam|Swellendam]] (1795)
* [[File:Mixed flag of Republic of Graaff-Reinet.png|20px|border]] [[Republic of Graaff-Reinet|Graaff-Reinet]] (1795–1796)
* [[Zulu Kingdom]] (1816–1897)
* [[File:Flag of Transvaal.svg|20px|border]] [[South African Republic]] (Transvaal) (1852–1877, 1881–1902)
* [[File:Flag of the Orange Free State.svg|20px|border]] [[Orange Free State]] (1854–1902)
* [[File:FlagGriekwalandEast.svg|20px|border]] [[Griqualand East]] (1862–1874)
* [[File:Flag of Nieuwe Republiek.svg|20x20px]] [[Nieuwe Republiek]] (1884–1888)
* [[File:Flag of Natalia Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Natalia Republic]] (1839–1843)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Goshen.svg|20x20px]] [[State of Goshen]] (1882–1883)
* [[File:Flag of Stellaland.svg|20x20px]] [[Stellaland|Republic of Stellaland]] (1882–1885)
* [[File:Flag of Stellaland (1883-5).svg|20x20px]] [[United States of Stellaland]] (1883–1885)
* [[File:Flag of Germany (1867–1919).svg|20x20px]] [[Upingtonia|Republic of Upingtonia]] (1885–1887)
* [[File:Flag of South Africa (1928-1982).svg|20x20px]] [[Union of South Africa]] (1910–1961)
* [[File:Flag of Bophuthatswana (1972–1994).svg|20x20px]] [[Bophuthatswana]] (1977–1994)
* [[File:Flag of Ciskei.svg|20x20px]] [[Ciskei]] (1981–1994)
* [[File:Flag of Transkei.svg|20x20px]] [[Transkei]] (1976–1994)
* [[File:Flag of Venda (1973–1994).svg|20x20px]] [[Venda]] (1979–1994)
* {{Flagcountry|Rhodesia}} (1965–1979)
* {{flagcountry|Zimbabwe Rhodesia}} (1979)
* [[Colony of Natal|Natal]] (1843–1910)

===Asia===
====Central Asia====
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_Chagatai_Khanate.svg}} [[Chagatai Khanate]] (1225–1680)
* [[Kart dynasty]] (1244–1381)
* [[Moghulistan]] (1347-1462)
* [[Uzbek Khanate]] (1428–1471)
* [[Nogai Horde]] (1440–1634)
* [[Kazakh Khanate]] (1465–1848)
* [[Khanate of Bukhara]] (1506–1785)
* [[Yarkent Khanate]] (1514-1705)
* [[Dzungar Khanate]] (1634–1755)
* [[Khanate of Kokand]] (1709–1868)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Emirate_of_Bukhara.svg}} [[Emirate of Bukhara]] (1785–1873)
* {{Flagicon image|Proposed Flag of the Alash Autonomy (horizontal).svg}} [[Alash Autonomy]] (1917–1918)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Turkestan (Kokand) Autonomy.svg}} [[Turkestan Autonomy]] (1917–1918)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Khanate of Khiva.svg}} [[Khanate of Khiva]] (1511–1920)
* {{flagicon image|Confederated Republic of Altai Flag.svg}} [[Karakorum Government|Confederated Republic of Altai]] (1918–1920)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic.svg}} [[Bukharan People's Soviet Republic]] (1920–1925)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Khiva 1920-1923.svg}} [[Khorezm People's Soviet Republic]] (1920–1925)
* {{flag|First East Turkestan Republic}} (1933–1934)
* {{flag|Second East Turkestan Republic}} (1944–1949)

====East Asia====
* [[Kingdom of Bumthang]] (7th century-17th century)
* [[Kingdom of Tungning]] (1661-1683)
* [[File:Flag of Bogd Khaanate Mongolia.svg|20px|border]] [[Bogd Khanate of Mongolia]] (1911–1924)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|23px|border]] [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] (based on [[mainland China]] 1912–1949; [[Republic of China retreat to Taiwan|continued existence]] on Taiwan since 1949)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Fujian People's Government.svg}} [[People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China]] (1933–1934)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of China (1912–1928).svg}} [[Reformed Government of the Republic of China]] (1937–1940)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of China-Nanjing (Peace, Anti-Communism, National Construction).svg|20x20px]] [[Wang Jingwei regime|Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China (Wang Jingwei Regime)]] (1940–1945)
* [[File:Flag of China (1912–1928).svg|20x20px]] [[Provisional Government of the Republic of China (1937–1940)|Provisional Government of the Republic of China]] (1937–1940)
* [[File:Flag of China (1912–1928).svg|20x20px]] [[East Hebei Autonomous Government]] (1935–1938)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Formosa (1895).svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Formosa]] (1895)
* [[File:Flag of the Ta Han Szechuan Military Government.svg|20px|border]] [[Great Han Sichuan Military Government]] (1911–1912)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Guangzhou Uprising|Guangzhou Commune]] (1927)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Autumn Harvest Uprising|Hunan Soviet]] (1927)
* [[File:National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Hunan Soviet]] in a continental Chinese province (1927)
* [[File:Flag of Inner-Mongolian Autonomous Government.svg|20x20px]] [[Inner Mongolian People's Republic]] (1945)
* [[File:POL COA Gryf.svg|alt=Coat of Arms of Jaxa|frameless|27x27px]] [[Jaxa (state)|Jaxa]] (1665–1674)
* [[File:Chinese soviet flag.svg|25x25px]] [[Jiangxi–Fujian Soviet]] (1931–1934)
* [[File:National Flag of Chinese Soviet Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Chinese Soviet Republic|Jiangxi Soviet]] (1931–1937)
* [[File:Flag of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.svg|20px|border]] [[Korean People's Association in Manchuria]] (1929–1931)
* [[File:Flag of Manchukuo.svg|20px|border]] [[Manchukuo]] (1932–1945)
* [[File:Flag of the Mengjiang.svg|20x20px]] [[Mengjiang|Mengjiang United Autonomous Government]] (1939–1945)
* [[File:Seal of Ming dynasty.svg|20px]] [[Ming dynasty]] (1368–1644) and the [[Southern Ming]] (1644–1662)
* [[File:Flag of China (1889–1912).svg|20x20px]] [[Qing dynasty]] (1644–1912)
* [[File:Flag of Ryukyu.svg|20x20px]] [[Ryukyu Kingdom]] (1429–1879)
* [[File:Flag of the Great Way Municipal Government of Shanghai.svg|20x20px]] [[Great Way Government|Shanghai Great Way Government]] (1937–1938)
* [[Shun dynasty]] (1644–1646)
* {{flagicon image|中國工農紅軍軍旗.svg}} [[Communist-controlled China (1927–1949)|Soviet Zone of China]] (1927–1949)
* [[File:Seal of the Taiping heavenly kingdom.svg|20px|border]] [[Taiping Heavenly Kingdom]] (1851–1864)
* [[File:Tibetan snow leopard.svg|20px|border]] [[5th Dalai Lama|Tibet under Ganden Phodrang government]] (1644–1720)
* [[File:Flag of Tibet.svg|20px|border]] [[Tibet (1912–1951)|Tibet]] (1912–1951)
* [[File:Tibetan snow leopard.svg|20px|border]] [[History of Tibet|Tibetan states]] (900–1240, 1300–1620)
* [[Tibetan People's Republic]] (1936)
* [[File:Flag of Ming Cheng.svg|frameless|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tungning]] (1661–1683)
* [[File:Flag of the Tuvan People%27s Republic (1933-1939).svg|20px|border]] [[Tuvan People's Republic]] (1921–1944)
* [[Uryankhay Republic]] (1911–1914)
* [[File:Flag of Uriankhai (1918-1921).svg|20px|border]] [[Uryankhay Krai]] (1914)
* [[Xi dynasty]] (1643–1647)
* [[File:Imperial Seal of the Mongols 1246.svg|20px]] [[Yuan Dynasty]] (1271–1368) and the [[Northern Yuan]] (1368–1635)

===== Japanese Archipelago =====
* [[File:Flag of Allied Occupied Japan.svg|20px]] [[Occupation of Japan|Allied Occupied Japan]] (1945–1952)
* [[File:Ashikaga mon.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Ashikaga shogunate]] (1336–1573)
* [[File:Oda ka (No background and Black color drawing).svg|20px]] [[Azuchi–Momoyama period|Azuchi–Momoyama]] (1568–1600)
* [[File:Flag of Japan (1870–1999).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Empire of Japan]] (1868–1947)
* [[File:Seal of Ezo.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Ezo]] (1869)
* [[File:Mitsubaaoi.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Tokugawa shogunate]] (1603–1868)

===== Korean Peninsula =====
* [[File:Flag of the king of Joseon.svg|20x20px]] [[Joseon]] (1392–1897)
* [[File:Flag of Korea (1899).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Korean Empire]] (1897–1910)
* [[File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Committee_of_Korea.svg|border|20x20px]] [[People's Republic of Korea]] (1945–1946)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea.svg}} [[Provisional People's Committee of North Korea]] (1946–1947)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Provisional People's Committee for North Korea.svg}} [[People's Committee of North Korea]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Korea.svg}} [[Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea]] (1945)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_South_Korea_(1949–1984).svg}} [[First Republic of Korea]] (1948–1960)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_South_Korea_(1949–1984).svg}} [[Second Republic of Korea]] (1960–1961)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_the_chairman_of_the_Supreme_Council_for_National_Reconstruction.svg}} [[Supreme Council for National Reconstruction]] (1961–1963)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_South_Korea_(1949–1984).svg}} [[Third Republic of Korea]] (1963–1972)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_South_Korea_(1949–1984).svg}} [[Fourth Republic of Korea]] (1972–1981)
* {{flagicon image|Flag_of_South_Korea_(1984–1997).svg}} [[Fifth Republic of Korea]] (1981–1988)

====West Asia====
===== Afghanistan =====
* [[File:Black flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Hotak dynasty]] (1709–1738)
* [[File:Flag of Herat until 1842.svg|20x20px]] [[Durrani Empire]] (1747–1826)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}} [[Islamic Emirate of Badakhshan]] (1996)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}} [[Islamic Emirate of Kunar]] (1991)
* {{flag|Islamic Republic of Afghanistan}} (2004-2021, still exists as a unrecognized state)

===== Balochistan =====
* [[Ma'danid dynasty]] (9th century–11th century)
* {{Flagicon image|FlagofKalat.svg}} [[Khanate of Kalat]] (1666–1736, 1747–1749, 1758–1955)
*
* [[File:Flag of Herat until 1842.svg|20x20px]] [[Durrani Empire]] (1749–1758)

=====Anatolia=====
* [[File:Candar.svg|20px|border]] [[Candar dynasty|Beylik of Candar]] (1292–1461)
* [[File:Flag of the Afshar Tribe.svg|20px]] [[Alaiye]] (1293–1471)
* [[Beylik of Bafra]] (14th century–1460)
* [[File:Komnenos-Trebizond-Arms.svg|20px|border]] [[Empire of Trebizond]] (1204–1461)
* [[Alaiye|Beylik of Alaiye]] (1293–1471)
* [[Karamanids|Beylik of Karaman]] (1250–1487)
* [[Beylik of Dulkadir]] (1337–1522)
* [[Ramadanid Emirate]] (1352–1608)
* [[Aq Qoyunlu]] (1378–1501)
* [[Kara Koyunlu]] (1374–1468)
* [[Emirate of Hasankeyf]] (1232–1524)
* [[File:Flag of the South West Caucasian Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Kars Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[Ottoman Empire]] ({{circa|1299}}–1923)

=====Cyprus=====
* [[File:Stemma reale di Giano di Cipro.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Cyprus]] (1192–1489)
* {{flagicon|Turkey}} [[Turkish Federated State of Cyprus]] (1975–1983)

=====Mesopotamia=====
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Kurdistan (1922-1924).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Kurdistan]] (1922–1924)
* [[File:Flag of the Arab Federation.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Arab Federation]] (1958)

=====Persia/Iran=====
* [[Baduspanids]] (665–1598)
* [[Kar-Kiya dynasty]] (1370s–1592)
* [[Mar'ashis|Marashiyan dynasty]] (1359–1596)
* [[Afrasiyab dynasty]] (1349–1504)
* [[Mihrabanids|Mihrabanid dynasty]] (1236–1537)
* [[File:Timurid.svg|20x20px]] [[Timurid Empire|Iran-u-Turan (Timurid)]]  (1370–1507)
* [[File:Safavid Flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Safavid Iran|The Expansive Realm of Iran (Safavid dynasty)]] (1501–1736)
* [[File:Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg|20x20px]] [[Afsharid dynasty|Guarded Domains of Iran (Afsharid dynasty)]] (1736–1796)
* [[File:Zand Dynasty flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Zand dynasty|Guarded Domains of Iran (Zand dynasty)]] (1751–1794) 
* [[File:State flag of Persia (1907–1933).svg|20x20px]] [[Qajar Iran|Sublime State of Persia/Iran]] (1794–1925)
* {{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Mughan clashes|Military Dictatorship of Mughan]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of Persian Socialist Soviet Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Persian Socialist Soviet Republic]] in Gilan (Iran) (1920–1921)
* [[File:State flag of Iran (1964–1980).svg|20x20px]] [[Pahlavi Iran|Imperial State of Persia/Iran]] (1925–1979)
* [[File:Azerbaijan people's government flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Azerbaijan People's Government]] (1945–1946)
* [[File:Flag of Mahabad (1946–1947).png|20px|border]] [[Republic of Mahabad]] (1946)

=====Levant=====
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Syria (1920-03-08 to 1920-07-24).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Arab Kingdom of Syria]] (1920)
* [[File:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1971),_Flag_of_Syria_(1980–2024).svg|border|20x20px]] [[United Arab Republic]] (1958–1971)
* {{Flagicon image|Former Flag of the Lebanese Army.svg}} [[Free Lebanon State]] (1979–1984)
* [[File:AQMI Flag asymmetric.svg|20x20px]] [[Territory of the Islamic State|Islamic State]] (2014–2017)
* [[File:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958–1971),_Flag_of_Syria_(1980–2024).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Ba'athist Syria|Syrian Arab Republic]] (1971–2024) *  

*[[File:Flag of Hejaz (1917).svg|20x20px]] [[All-Palestine Government]] (1948–1967)

=====Arabian Peninsula=====
* [[File:Flag of Kuwait 1940-1961.png|20px]] [[Sheikhdom of Kuwait]] (1613–1961)
* [[File:Flag of Bani Khalid Emirate.svg|20px]] [[Bani Khalid Emirate]] (1669–1796)
* [[File:Flag of the 1st and 2nd Saudi State.svg|20px|border]] [[Emirate of Diriyah]] (1744–1812)
* [[File:Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg|20px|border]] [[Emirate of Nejd]] (1812–1891)
* [[File:Flag of Muscat.svg|20px|border]] [[Muscat and Oman]] (1820–1970)
* [[File:Flag of the Emirate of Ha%27il.svg|20px|border]] [[Emirate of Jabal Shammar]] (1836–1921)
* [[File:Flag of the Second Saudi State.svg|20px|border]] [[Emirate of Riyadh]] (1902–1913)
* [[File:Flag of the Idrisid Emirate of Asir (1909-1927).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Idrisid Emirate of Asir]] (1906–1934)
* [[File:Flag of Upper Asir.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Sheikdom of Upper Asir]] (1916–1920)
* [[File:Flag of the Emirate of Nejd and Hasa.svg|20px|border]] [[Emirate of Nejd and Hasa]] (1913–1921)
* [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Nejd.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Nejd]] (1921–1925)
* [[File:Flag of Hejaz (1917).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Hejaz]] (1916–1925)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd]] (1926–1932)
* [[File:Flag of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.svg|20px|border]] [[Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen]] (1918–1970)
*[[File:Flag of South Yemen.svg|20px|border]] [[South Yemen|People's Democratic Republic of Yemen]] (1967–1990)
*[[File:Flag of the Yemen Arab Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Yemen Arab Republic]] (1962–1990)
* [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Fadhli.svg|20x20px]] [[Fadhli Sultanate]] (15th century–1888)
* [[File:Flag of Quaiti Hadramaut.svg|20x20px]] [[Qu'aiti|Qu'aiti Sultanate in Hadhramaut]] (1858–1888)
* [[File:Flag of the State of Upper Yafa.svg|20x20px]] [[Sultanate of Upper Yafa]] (1800–1903)
* [[File:Flag of Lower Yafa.svg|20x20px]] [[Sultanate of Lower Yafa]] (1800–1895)
* [[File:Flag of Beihan.svg|20x20px]] [[Emirate of Beihan]] (1680–1872)
* [[File:Flag of Dhala.svg|20x20px]] [[Emirate of Dhala]] (15th century–1904)
* [[File:Flag of Wahidi Balhaf.svg|20x20px]] [[Wahidi Balhaf|Wahidi Sultanate of Balhaf]] (1640–1888)
* [[File:Flag of Wahidi Haban.svg|20x20px]] [[Wahidi Haban|Wahidi Sultanate of Haban]] (1640–1895)
* [[File:Kathiri flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Kathiri|Kathiri Sultanate in Hadhramaut]] (14th century–1888)
* [[File:Flag of the Mahra Sultanate.svg|20x20px]] [[Mahra Sultanate|Mahra State of Qishn and Socotra]] (1432–1886)
* [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Lahej.svg|20x20px]] [[Sultanate of Lahej]] (1728–1839)
* [[File:Flag of the Federation of South Arabia.svg|20x20px]] [[Federation of South Arabia]] (1962–1967)
* [[File:Flag of Kuwait.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Kuwait]] (1990)

====South Asia====
* [[File:Flag of the Princely State of Tehri Garhwal.svg|20px|border]] [[Garhwal Kingdom]] (823–1949)
* [[File:Cochin flag.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Cochin]] (Before 12th century CE–1949)
* [[File:Sultan of Delhi Flag according to the Catalan Atlas (1375).png|20px]] [[Delhi Sultanate]] (1206–1526)
* [[Sur Empire]] (1540–1556)
* [[Laur Kingdom]] (600–1565)
* [[File:Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif|20px]] [[Bengal Sultanate]] (1352–1576)
* [[Jaunpur Sultanate]] (1394–1479)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Mysore.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (1399–1948)
* [[Bijapur Sultanate]] (Adil Shahi dynasty, 1490–1686)
* [[Pratapgarh Kingdom]] (1489–1700s)
* [[File:Flag of the Principality of Bengal (15th-18th century).svg|20px]] [[Bengal Subah]] (1717–1757){{NoteTag|The [[Nawabs of Bengal]] ruled the [[Bengal Subah]] – a province of the [[Mughal Empire]] which pretty much became independent from 1717.}}
* [[File:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|20px]] [[Maratha Confederacy]] (1674–1820)
* [[Jaintia Kingdom]] (500–1835)
* [[File:Sikh Empire Flag.png|20px]] [[Sikh Empire]] (1799–1849)
* [[File:Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg|20px]] [[Mughal Empire]] (1526–1857)
* [[File:1931 Flag of India.svg|20x20px]] [[Azad Hind|Provisional Government of Free India]] (1943–1945)
* [[File:Asafia flag of Hyderabad State.svg|20x20px]] [[Hyderabad State]] (1724–1798)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Travancore.svg|alt=|20x20px]] [[Travancore]] (1729–1949)
* [[File:Insignia of Mewar, inside the City Palace, Udaipur.jpg|20px]] [[Udaipur State]] (734–1818)
* [[File:Unofficial flag of Tripura.png|20px]] [[Manikya dynasty]] (1400–1761)
* [[File:Flag of the United Suvadive Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[United Suvadive Republic]] (1959–1963)
* [[File:Flag of the Sultan of The Maldives.svg|20x20px]] [[List of sultans of the Maldives|Sultanate of Maldives]] (1117–1796), (1954–1968)
* [[File:Flag of Sikkim (1967-1975).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Sikkim|Sikkim]] (1642–1975)

====Southeast Asia====
* [[File:Flag of Cambodia (pre-1863).svg|20px]] [[Post-Angkor Period|Kingdom of Cambodia]] (1431–1863)
* [[File:Flag of Cambodia (1863–1948).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Kampuchea (1945)|Kingdom of Kampuchea]] (1945)
* In [[Laos]]:
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Luang Phrabang (1707-1893).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Luang Phrabang]] (1707–1893)
** [[Kingdom of Vientiane]] (1707–1828)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Champasak (1713-1947).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Champasak]] (1713–1904)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Luang Phrabang (1945).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Luang Prabang (Japanese puppet state)|Kingdom of Luang Phrabang]] (1945)
** [[File:Flag of Laos.svg|20px|border]] [[Lao Issara]] (1945–1946)
* In [[Vietnam]]:
** [[Champa|Champa kingdom]] (192–1832)
** [[Đại Việt]] (968–1407/1428–1804)
** [[File:Flag of the Communist Party of Vietnam.svg|20px|border]] [[Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviets|Nghệ-Tĩnh Soviet]] (1930–1931)
** [[File:Flag of the Empire of Vietnam (1945).svg|20px|border]] [[Empire of Vietnam]] (1945)
** [[File:Flag of Vietnam.svg|20px|border]] [[Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] (North Vietnam) (1945–1976)
** [[File:Flag of Republic of Cochinchina.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Cochinchina]] (1946–1949)
** [[File:Flag of South Vietnam.svg|20px|border]] [[Provisional Central Government of Vietnam]] (1948–1949)
** [[File:Flag of South Vietnam.svg|20px|border]] [[State of Vietnam]] (known as South Vietnam after the Geneva Conference of 1954) (1949–1955)
** [[File:Flag of South Vietnam.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Vietnam]] (South Vietnam) (1955–1975)
** [[File:FNL Flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam|Republic of South Vietnam]] (1975–1976)
[[File:South_Vietnam_(orthographic_projection).svg|thumb|alt=Map of South Vietnam|Map of South Vietnam]]
[[File:Flag-map_of_South_Vietnam.svg|thumb|alt=Flag Map of South Vietnam|Flag Map of South Vietnam]]


* In [[Myanmar]] (Burma):
** [[Mon kingdoms]] (9th–11th, 13th–16th, 18th centuries)
** [[File:Golden Hintar flag of Burma.svg|20px]] [[Hanthawaddy Kingdom]] (1287–1552)
** [[Ava Kingdom|Ava]] (1364–1555)
** [[Pegu]] (1287–1539, 1747–1757)
** [[Kingdom of Mrauk U]] (1429–1785)
** [[File:Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg|20px|border]] [[Taungoo dynasty]] (1486–1752, 2nd Empire)
** [[File:National flag of Third Burmese Empire (Konbaung Dynasty).svg|20px|border]] [[Konbaung dynasty]] (1752–1885, 3rd Empire)
** [[File:Flag of the Shan State.svg|20px|border]] [[History of Shan States|Shan States]] (1287–1557)
** [[History of Rakhine|Arakan]] (1287–1784)
** [[File:Flag of Burma 1943.svg|20x20px]] [[State of Burma]] (1943–1945)
* In [[Thailand]]:
** [[Langkasuka]] (2nd–15th century)
** [[Sultanate of Singora]] (1605–1680)
** [[File:Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg|20px|border]] [[Ayutthaya Kingdom]] (1350–1767)
** [[File:Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg|20px|border]] [[Thonburi Kingdom]] (1767–1782)
** [[Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom]] (13th century–1782)
** [[Lan Na]] (1292–1775)
** [[Kingdom of Chiang Mai]] (1782–1894)
** [[File:Flag of Patani Kingdom (until 1816).svg|20px|border]] [[Pattani kingdom]] (1516–1902)
** [[File:Flag of Kedah (18th century - 1821).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara]] (1808–1916)
** [[File:Flag of Thailand.svg|20px|border]] [[Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)|Kingdom of Siam]] (1782–1932)
* In [[Indonesia]]:
** [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|20px|border]] [[Indonesia|Republic of Indonesia]] (1945–1949){{NoteTag|Partially recognized state existed [[Aftermath of World War II|after WWII]]}}
** [[File:Flag of Indonesia.svg|20px|border]] [[United States of Indonesia]] (1949–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of the State of East Indonesia.svg|20x20px|border]] [[State of East Indonesia]] (1946–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of Various Autonomous Indonesian States.svg|20x20px|border]] [[State of East Java]] (1948–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of East Sumatra.svg|20x20px|border]] [[State of East Sumatra]] (1947–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of Various Autonomous Indonesian States.svg|20x20px|border]] [[State of Madura]] (1948–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of Pasundan.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Pasundan|State of Pasundan]] (1948–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of South Sumatra.svg|20x20px|border]] [[State of South Sumatra]] (1948–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of Dayak Besar.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Great Dayak]] (1946–1950)
*** [[File:Flag of Pontianak Sultanate.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Pontianak Sultanate|West Kalimantan]] (1946–1950)
* In [[Sumatra]]:
** [[File:Flag of the Aceh Sultanate.png|20px|border]] [[Aceh Sultanate|Sultanate of Aceh]] (1496–1903)
** [[File:Flag of Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura]]
** [[Palembang Sultanate]] (1659–1823)
** [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Deli.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Deli]] (1609–1862, fully disestablished 1956)
** [[File:Flag of Sultanate of Langkat.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Langkat]] (1568–1946)
** [[Jambi Sultanate]] (1615-1904)
** [[File:Royal Malay Banner (Yellow).svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Serdang]] (1723–1946)
* In [[Java]]:
** [[File:Flag of the Majapahit Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[Majapahit]] (1293–1527)
** [[File:Flag of the Mataram Sultanate.svg|20px|border]] [[Mataram Sultanate|Sultanate of Mataram]] (1588–1681)
** [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Banten.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Banten]] (1527–1813)
** [[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Katoenen banier met Arabische kalligrafie TMnr 5663-1.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Cirebon]] (1445–1677)
** [[Sultanate of Demak]] (1475–1548)
** [[Kingdom of Pajang]] (1568–1586)
* In [[Lesser Sunda Islands]]
** [[File:Old Flag of Bali.svg|20px|border]] [[Bali Kingdom]]s (914–1908)
** [[File:Bendera Kesultanan Bima.png|20px|border]] [[Bima Sultanate]] (1620–1951, fully disestablished 1958)
** [[Kingdom of Larantuka]] (1515–1904)
* In [[Sulawesi]]:
** [[Kingdom of Banggai]] (? – 1907)
** [[File:Flag of the Sultanate of Gowa.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Gowa]] (14th century–1911, fully disestablished 1945)
** [[File:Bendera Kesultanan Bone.png|20px|border]] [[Bone state|Sultanate of Bone]] (14th century – 1905)
** [[Wajoq|Kingdom of Wajoq]] ({{circa|1400}}–1906, fully disestablished 1957)
* In [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]]:
** [[File:Bendera Ternate - Almulk Buldan Ternate.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Ternate]] (1257–1914)
** [[Sultanate of Tidore]] (1273–1920)
* In [[Borneo]]:
** [[File:Old Flag of Brunei.svg|20px|border]] [[Bruneian Empire]] (1368–1888)
** [[Sambas Sultanate]] (1609–1819, fully disestablished 1956)
** [[File:Flag of Pontianak Sultanate.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Pontianak Sultanate]] (1771–1779)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Sarawak (1870).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Sarawak]] (1841–1888)
** [[Berau Regency|Berau Sultanate]]{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}
** [[File:Flag of Bulungan.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Sultanate of Bulungan]] (1731–{{circa|1880}}, fully disestablished 1964)
**Kingdom of [[Kutai]] Martadipura (399–1635)
**Sultanate of [[Kutai]] Kartanegara (1300–1844)
** [[File:Banjar Sultanate Flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Banjar]] (1526–1860)
** [[File:Lanfang Republic Reconstructed Flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Lanfang Republic]] (1777–1884)
* In [[Riau Islands]]:
** [[File:Flag of Riau-Lingga Sultanate.svg|20px|border]] [[Riau-Lingga Sultanate]] (1824–1911)
* In [[Malaysia]]:
** [[Malacca Sultanate|Sultanate of Malacca]] (1400–1511)
** [[Johor Sultanate]] (1528–1855)
** [[Pahang Sultanate]] (1470–1623)
** [[File:Flag of Pahang (1853 - 1887).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Pahang Kingdom]] (1770–1881)
** [[File:Flag of the Federated Malay States (1895–1946).svg|20x20px]] [[Malayan Union]] (1946–1948)
** [[File:Flag of Malaya.svg|20x20px]] [[Federation of Malaya]] (1957–1963)
* In the [[Philippines]]
** [[File:Flag of Maguindanao.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Maguindanao]] (1500–1888)
** [[File:Late 19th Century Flag of Sulu.svg|20px|border]] [[Sultanate of Sulu]] (1405–1915)
** [[File:Flag of Negros Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Negros]] (1898–1899)
** [[File:Negrense revolution banner.svg|20x20px]] [[Cantonal Republic of Negros|Cantonal Government of Negros]] (1898–1901)
** [[File:Flag of the Sovereign Tagalog Nation.svg|20x20px]] [[Tejeros Convention|Tejeros Revolutionary Government]] (1897)
** [[File:Battle Flag of Tagalog Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Sovereign Tagalog Nation]] (1896–1897)
** [[File:Flag of the Philippines (1898–1901).svg|20x20px]] [[First Philippine Republic]] (1899–1902)
** [[File:Flag of the Katagalugan Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Tagalog Republic]] (1902–1906)
** [[File:Flag of the Philippines (1943-1945).svg|20x20px]] [[Second Philippine Republic]] (1943–1945)

===Europe===
{{see also|Former countries in Europe after 1815}}

====Nordic countries====
In the Nordic countries, unions were personal, not unitary
* [[Icelandic Commonwealth]] (c. 930–1262)
* [[Kingdom of Finland (1742)|Kingdom of Finland]] (1742–1743)
* [[File:Flag of Finland (1918–1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Finland (1918)|Kingdom of Finland]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Union Jack of Sweden and Norway (1844-1905).svg|20px|border]] [[United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway]] (1814–1905)
* [[File:Flag of Norway (1814–1821).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Norway (1814)]]
* {{flagicon|Denmark}} [[Denmark–Norway]] (1524–1814, intermittent)
* {{flagicon|Kalmar Union}} [[Kalmar Union]] (1397–1523, intermittent)
* [[File:Flag of Schleswig.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Schleswig|Schleswig]] (1058–1864)

====Modern France====
* [[File:Pavillon royal de la France.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of France]] (843–1792) (1814/15–1848)
** [[File:Drapeau de la province de Bretagne (1532).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Brittany]] (939–1532)
** [[File:Ancient Flag of Burgundy.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Burgundy]] (918–1482)
* [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] French Empire (1804-1814/15) (1852–1870)
** [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[First French Empire]] (1804–1814/15)
** [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Second French Empire]] (1852–1870)
* [[File:Vexillum Willelmi Ducis.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Normandy]] (911–1259/1469)
* [[File:Flag of Lorraine.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Lorraine]] (959–1766)
* [[File:Flag of Béarn.svg|20px]] [[Viscounty of Béarn]] (9th century–1620)
** [[File:Gdansk flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Danzig (Napoleonic)|Free City of Danzig]] (1807–1814)
** [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Warsaw.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Warsaw]] (1807–1815)
** [[File:Flag_of_Saar_1920-1935.svg|20px|border]] [[Territory of the Saar Basin]] (1920–1935)
* [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Third French Republic]] (1870–1940)
* [[File:Flag of Philippe Pétain, Chief of State of Vichy France.svg|20px|border]] [[Vichy France]] (1940–1944)
** [[File:Flag of Saar (1947–1956).svg|20px|border]] [[Saar Protectorate]] (1946–1956)
* [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Corsica (1736)|Kingdom of Corsica]] (1736)
* [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Corsican Republic]] (1755–1769)
* [[File:Flag of Corsica.svg|20px|border]] [[Anglo-Corsican Kingdom]] (1794–1796)
* [[File:Flag of the County of Foix.svg|20px|border]] [[County of Foix]] (1010–1607)
* [[File:Flag of the Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune (1848-1849).svg|20px|border]] [[Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune]] (1848–1849)
* [[File:Flag of France.svg|20px|border]] [[Fourth French Republic]] (1946–1958)

====Modern Germany====
* [[File:Banner of the Holy Roman Emperor with haloes (1400-1806).svg|20px|border]] [[Holy Roman Empire]] (843–1806)
* [[File:Commemorative Medal of the Rhine Confederation.svg|20px|border]] [[Confederation of the Rhine]] (1806–1813)
* [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Anhalt.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Anhalt]] (1806–1918)
* [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Reuß jüngere Linie.svg|20px]] [[Principality of Reuss-Gera]] (1806–1918)
* [[File:Banner of the Electorate of Mainz.svg|20px]] [[Grand Duchy of Frankfurt]] (1810–1813)
* [[File:War ensign of the German Empire Navy 1848-1852.svg|20px|border]] [[German Confederation]] (1815–1866)
* [[File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg|20px|border]] [[German Empire (1848-49)|German Empire]] (1848–1849)
* [[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[North German Federation]] (1867–1871)
* [[File:Flag of the German Empire.svg|20px|border]] [[German Empire]] (1871–1918)
* [[File:Flag of Germany.svg|20px]] [[Weimar Republic]] (1918–1933)
* [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|20px]] [[Nazi Germany]] (1933–1945)
** {{flag|West Berlin}} (1948–1990), [[Western Bloc]]-aligned political enclave.
** [[File:Flag of East Germany.svg|20px|border]] [[East Germany|German Democratic Republic]] (1949–1990) <small>(also known as '''East Germany''' or '''GDR'''), its states acceded to [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in 1990.</small>
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Alsace-Lorraine.svg|20px|border]] [[Alsace Soviet Republic]] (1918)
* [[File:Flagge Großherzogtum Baden (1891–1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Baden|Baden]] (Grand Duchy&nbsp;– 1806–1871)
* [[File:Flag of Bavaria (striped).svg|20px|border]] [[Free State of Bavaria|Kingdom of Bavaria]] (1806–1871)
** [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Bavarian Soviet Republic]] (1919)
* [[File:Flag of Bremen.svg|20px|border]] [[Bremen (state)|Bremen]] (1815–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Braunschweig (1814-1830).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Brunswick|Brunswick]] (1815–1871)
* [[File:Flag of the Free City of Frankfurt.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Frankfurt|Frankfurt]] (Free Imperial City of Frankfurt (HRE), before 1806; City of Frankfurt, 1815–1866)
* [[File:Flag of Hamburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Hamburg]] (1189–1871)
* [[File:Flag of Hanover 1837-1866.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Hanover]] (1814–1866)
* [[File:Hessen HG flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Hesse-Homburg]] (1815–1866)
* [[File:Flag of Hesse.svg|20px|border]] [[Electorate of Hesse|Hesse-Kassel]] (or Hesse-Cassel) (Electorate, 1803–1807, 1813–1866)
* [[File:Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png|20px|border]] [[Hohenzollern-Hechingen]] (1623–1850)
* [[File:Flag of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Sigmaringen.png|20px|border]] [[Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen]] (1623–1850)
* [[File:Holstein Arms.svg|20px|border]] [[Holstein]] (1815–1864)
* [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Lippe.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Lippe|Lippe]] (1123–1871)
* [[File:Flag of the Free City of Lübeck.svg|20px|border]] [[Free City of Lübeck|Lübeck]] (Free city 1226–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Mecklenburg-Schwerin]] (1815–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Großherzogtümer Mecklenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] (1815–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Nassau (1806-1866).svg|20px|border]] [[Nassau (state)|Nassau]] (1806–1866)
* [[File:Flag of Oldenburg (Scandinavian Cross).svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Oldenburg|Oldenburg]] (1815–1871)
* [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Pomerania|Pomerania]] (1121–1637)
* [[File:Flag of Prussia (1892-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Prussia]] (1525–1871)
** [[File:Flag of Ducal Prussia.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Prussia]] (1525–1618)
** [[File:Flag of Brandenburg (1660–1750).svg|20px|border]] [[Brandenburg-Prussia]] (1618–1701)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1803-1892).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Prussia]] (1701–1871)
* [[File:Arms of the Principality of Reuss-Greiz.svg|20px|border]] [[Reuss (state)|Reuss]] (1010–1806)
* [[File:Flag of Saxe-Altenburg (1893-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Altenburg]] (1602–1871)
* [[File:Banner of Saxony (1%5E1).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld]] (1735–1826)
* [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha (1911-1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (1826–1871)
* [[File:Banner of Saxony (1%5E1).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Gotha]] (1640–1680)
* [[File:Flagge Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha (1826-1911).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Hildburghausen]] (1680–1826)
* [[File:Flag of Lauenburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Lauenburg]] (or Duchy of Lauenburg) (1296–1871)
* [[File:Saxe- Meiningen.png|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Meiningen]] (1680–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Großherzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1897-1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] (1809–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Königreich Sachsen (1815-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Saxony|Saxony]] (kingdom)&nbsp;– 1806–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Fürstentum Schaumburg-Lippe.svg|20px|border]] [[Schaumburg-Lippe]] (1647–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Fürstentümer Schwarzburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]] (1599–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Fürstentümer Schwarzburg.svg|20px|border]] [[Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] (1599–1871)
* {{flagicon|Germany}} [[Waldeck (state)|Waldeck]] (1180–1871)
* [[File:Flagge Königreich Württemberg.svg|20px|border]] [[Württemberg]] (kingdom)&nbsp;– 1806–1871)
{{For|the hundreds of feudal states of various size (mainly [[Kleinstaaterei]]) and nature that were part of the non-centralised [[Holy Roman Empire]] (mainly in Germany, Austria, Benelux countries and various neighbouring regions)|List of states in the Holy Roman Empire}}
* [[File:Flag of the Free State of Bottleneck.svg|20px|border]] [[Free State of Bottleneck]] (1919–1923)
* {{Flag|East Germany}}, (1949-1990)
[[File:Flag_map_of_East_Germany_(1959–1990).svg|thumb|alt=Flag map of East Germany|Flag map of East Germany]]
* {{Flag|West Germany}}, (1949-1990)
[[File:Flag_Map_of_West_Germany_(1949-1990).png|thumb|alt=Flag map of West Germany|Flag map of West Germany]]

====Austria====
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Austria.svg}} [[Archduchy of Austria]] (1453–1804, 1867–1918)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Tirol and Upper Austria.svg}} [[County of Tyrol]] (1140–1919)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Styria.svg}} [[Duchy of Styria]] (1180–1918)
* [[Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg]] (1328–1803)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Austria.svg}} [[Republic of German-Austria]] (1918–1919)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg}} [[Austrian Empire]] (1804–1867)

==== Switzerland ====
* [[File:Early Swiss cross.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Old Swiss Confederacy]] (1300–1798)
* [[File:Flag of the Helvetic Republic (French).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Helvetic Republic]] (1798–1803)
* [[File:Flag of Canton of Valais (1802–1815).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Rhodanic Republic]] (1802–1810)

====Italy====
{{See also|Historical states of Italy}}
* [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Cremasca.svg|border|20px]] [[Republic of Crema]] (1797)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Alba.svg|border|20px]] [[Republic of Alba]] (1796)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Ancona (c. 1177-1532).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Ancona]] ({{circa|1000}}–1532)
* [[File:State Flag of the Republic of Florence.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Florence]] (1115–1569)
* [[File:Bandera de Nápoles - Trastámara.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Naples]] (1282–1816)
* [[File:Flag of Duchy of Urbino.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Urbino]] (1443–1625)
* [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Anconitana.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Anconine Republic]] (1797–1798)
* [[File:Flag of the Giudicato of Arborea.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Judicate of Arborea]] (9th century–1420)
* [[File:Etrurian Kingdom and War Flag with Great Royal Coat of Arms.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Etruria]] (1801–1807)
* [[File:Flag of Italy.svg|border|20x20px]] [[United Provinces of Central Italy]] (1859–1860)
* [[File:Flag of the Repubblica Cisalpina.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cisalpine Republic]] (1797–1802)
* [[File:Flag of the Cispadane Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cispadane Republic]] (1796–1797)
* [[File:Flag of Cospaia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Cospaia]] (1440–1826)
* [[File:Bandiera Elba.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Elba]] ([[Emperor#Elba|Elba]]) (1814–1815)
* [[File:Etrurian Kingdom and War Flag with Great Royal Coat of Arms.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Etruria]] (1801–1807)
* [[File:Flag of the Marquisate of Finale (12th century-1602).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Marquisate of Finale]] (967–1602)
* {{Flagicon image|Labaro Reggenza Italiana del Carnaro.svg}} [[Italian Regency of Carnaro|Regency of Carnaro]] (1919–1920)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Gozo (independent state)|Gozitan Nation]] (1798–1801)
* [[File:Flag of the Italian Republic (1802).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Republic (Napoleonic)]] (1802–1805)
* [[File:Flag of the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)]] (1805–1814)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia]] (1815–1866)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Lucca.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Lucca]] (1815–1847)
* [[File:Flag of the Principality of Lucca (1805-1809).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Principality of Lucca and Piombino]] (1805–1814)
* [[File:Flag of Lucca (1799-1801).svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Lucca]] (1160–1805)
* [[File:Flag of the Order of St. John (various).svg|border|20x20px]] [[History of Malta under the Order of Saint John|Sovereign Military Order of Malta]] (1530–1798)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Mantua (1575–1707).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Mantua]] (1273–1707)
* [[File:Flag of Massa and Carrara.png|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Massa and Carrara]] (1473–1829)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Milan (1450).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Milan]] (1395–1797)
* [[File:Flag of Augusto Anfossi.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Five Days of Milan|Provisional Government of Milan]] (1848)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Modena.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Modena]] (1452–1796, 1815–1859)
* [[File:Bandera de Nápoles - Trastámara.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Naples]] (1285–1816)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Noli.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Noli]] (1192–1797)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Parma.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Duchy of Parma]] (1545–1859)
* [[File:Flag of the Papal States (1825-1870).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Papal States]] (752–1870)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Pisa.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Pisa]] ({{circa|1000}}–1406)
* [[File:Flag of the Roman Republic (19th century).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Roman Republic (19th century)]] (1849)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Sardinia (1848).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]] (1720–1861)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of San Marco.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of San Marco]] (1848–1849)
* [[Republic of Senarica]] (1343–1797)
* [[File:Bandiera del Regno di Sicilia 4.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Sicily]] (1130–1816)
* [[File:Flag of Sicilian Kingdom 1848.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Sicilian revolution of 1848|Kingdom of Sicily]] (1848)
* {{flagicon|Italy}} [[Transpadane Republic]] (1796–1797)
* [[File:Flag of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1840).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] (1569–1801, 1815–1859)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Two Sicilies|Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] (1815–1860)
* [[File:Flag of Republic of Venice.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Venice]] (697–1797)
* [[File:Flag of Genoa.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Genoa]] (1095–1797)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Italian protectorate of Albania]] (1939–1943)
** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|20x20px]] [[Italian governorate of Montenegro]] (1941–1943)
* [[File:Flag of Tavolara.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tavolara]] (1836–1934)
* [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Italy]] (1861–1946)
* [[File:Free Territory Trieste Flag.svg|20px]] [[Free Territory of Trieste]] (1947–1954)
* [[File:Rose Island Flag.svg|20x20px|border]] [[Republic of Rose Island]] (1968–1969)

====Modern United Kingdom====
* [[File:Flag of Gwynedd.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Gwynedd]] (450–1216)
* [[File:Flag of Powys.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Powys]] (5th century–1160)
* [[File:Flag of Scotland (1542–2003).svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Scotland]] (843–1707)
* [[File:Flag of England.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of England]] (927–1707)
* [[File:Royal Banner of England.svg|20px]] [[Angevin Empire]] (1154–1214)
* [[File:Banner of Llywelyn.svg|20px]] [[Principality of Wales]] (1216–1536)
* [[File:Flag of The Commonwealth.svg|23px|border]] [[Commonwealth of England]] (1649–1653) and (1659–1660)
* [[File:Standard of Oliver Cromwell (1653–1659).svg|23px|border]] [[The Protectorate]] (1653–1659)
* [[File:Flag of Great Britain (1707–1800).svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] (1707–1800)
* [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|23px|border]] [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] (1801–1922)

====Ireland====
* [[File:Flag of Leinster.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Leinster]] (7th century BC–1603)
* [[File:Fitzpatrick of Ossary.svg|20px|border=]] [[Osraige]] (150–1541)
* [[Airgíalla]] (331–1585)
* [[File:O%27Kelly.png|20px|border=]] [[Uí Maine]] ({{circa|357}}–1611)
* [[Northern Uí Néill|Ailech]] (450–1617)
* [[File:Royal Banner of O%27Donnell (Tyrconnell).png|20px|border]] [[Tyrconnell]] (5th century–1607)
* [[File:O%27Neill Tyrone.png|20px|border=]] [[Tír Eoghain]] (5th century–1607)
* [[File:Maguire.png|20px|border=]] [[Fermanagh]] (10th century–1607)
* [[Magh Luirg]] ({{circa|956}}–1585)
* [[File:Sword of Nuada.png|20px|border=]] [[Thomond]] (1118–1543)
* [[File:Arms of McCarthy.svg|20px|border=]] [[Kingdom of Desmond]] (1118–1596)
* [[File:Banner of the Lordship of Ireland.svg|20px|border]] [[Lordship of Ireland]] (1171–1542)
* [[File:O%27Neill of Clanaboy.png|20px|border=]] [[Clandeboye]] (1283–1605)
* [[Kingdom of Uí Failghe]] (Unknown–1550)
* [[File:Flag of Connacht.svg|20px|border]] [[Kings of Connacht|Kingdom of Connacht]]
* [[File:Saint Patrick's Saltire.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Ireland]] (1541–1801)
* [[File:Green harp flag of Ireland 17th century.svg|20px|border]] [[Confederate Ireland|Irish Catholic Confederation]] (1641–1649)
* [[File:Green harp flag of Ireland.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Connacht]] (1798)
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Irish soviets]] (1919–1922)
** {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Limerick Soviet]] (1919)
* {{flag|Irish Free State}} (1922–1937)

====Benelux====
* [[File:LuikVlag.svg|20px|border]] [[Prince-Bishopric of Liège]] (972–1795) annexed by France in 1795.
* [[File:Banner of the Duchy of Brabant.svg|20px]] [[Duchy of Brabant]] (1183–1794)
* [[File:Flag of Bouillon.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bouillon]] (1456? – 1794)
* [[File:Flag of the Brabantine Revolution.svg|20px|border]] [[United Belgian States]] (1789–1790)
* [[File:Statenvlag.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of the Seven United Netherlands]] (1581–1795) (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden/Provinciën) Independence from Spain after [[Eighty Years' War]] in 1581, conquered by [[France]] 1795.
* [[File:Flag of the Batavian Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Batavian Republic]] (1795–1806) (Bataafse Republiek) France's [[vassal state]].
* [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Holland]] (1806–1810) (Koninkrijk Holland/Royaume d'Hollande) Ruled by [[Louis Bonaparte]], [[Annexation|annexed]] by France 1810.
* [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands]] (1813–1815)
* [[File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg|20px|border]] [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands]] (1815–1839)

====Poland====
* [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Duchy of Pomerania]] (1121–1160, 1264–1295, 1478–1531, 1625–1637)
** [[:pl:Władcy Pomorza Zachodniego#Pierwszy podział księstwa (1160-1264)|Demmin Principality]] (1160–1264)
** [[:pl:Władcy Pomorza Zachodniego#Pierwszy podział księstwa (1160-1264)|Szczecin Principality]] (1160–1264, 1295–1523)
* [[File:Terra Bernstein - Pommern-Wolgast COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Pomerania-Wolgast|Duchy of Pomerania-Wolgast]] (1295–1478)
* [[File:Chorągiew księcia mazowieckiego Siemowita.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Masovia]] (1138–1275, 1294–1310, 1370–1381, 1495–1526)
* [[File:Grunwald Słupsk i Szczecin.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Pomerania-Stolp|Duchy of Pomerania-Stolp]] (1368–1478)
* [[Pomerania-Neustettin|Duchy of Pomerania-Neustettin]] (1368–1390)
* [[File:POL województwo krakowskie IRP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Kraków]] (1227–1320)
* [[File:Alex K Halych.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Principality of Halych]] (1110–1339)
* [[File:Alex K Halych-Volhynia-flag.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia]] (1199–1349)
* [[File:POL województwo śląskie COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Bytom]] (1281–1498)
* [[File:Banner of the Duchy of Silesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Silesia]] (1138–1335)
* [[File:POL województwo śląskie flag formal.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Opole]] (1172–1202, 1281–1532)
* [[File:POL województwo śląskie II RP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Racibórz]] (1172–1202, 1281–1521)
* [[File:POL województwo opolskie COA alt.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Opole and Racibórz]] (1202–1281, 1521–1532, 1551–1556)
* [[File:POL województwo brzeskokujawskie IRP COA.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Inowrocław]] (1267–1364)
* [[File:Flag of Cieszyn Silesia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Teschen]] (1281–1918)
* [[History of Poland during the Piast dynasty|Duchy of Poland]] (966–1025, 1031–1076, 1079–1138, 1138–1227)
* [[File:Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland]] (1025–1031, 1076–1079, 1295–1296, 1300–1320)
* [[File:Banner of the Kingdom of Poland.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland|United Kingdom of Poland]] (1320–1386)
* [[File:Flaga Rzeczypospolitej Obojga Narodow ogolna.svg|border=|25x25px]] [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (1569–1795)
** [[File:Banner of Sigismund III Vasa.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland]] (1386–1795)
** [[File:Royal banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.svg|25x25px|border=]] [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1236–1795)
** [[File:Flag of Prussia (1466-1772) Lob.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Royal Prussia]] (1466–1569)
** [[File:Flag of Ducal Prussia.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Duchy of Prussia]] (1525–1657)
** [[File:Flag of Courland (state).svg|25x25px|border]] [[Duchy of Courland and Semigallia]] (1561–1795)
*** [[Couronian colonization|New Courland]] (1637, 1639, 1642, 1654–1659, 1660–1666, 1680–1683, 1686–1690)
* [[File:Flag of Galicia-Lodomeria 1890-1918.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]] (1772–1918, part of the [[Austrian Empire]], later part of Austria-Hungary)
* [[File:Flag of the Duchy of Warsaw.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Duchy of Warsaw]] (1807–1815; part of [[First French Empire]], personal union with the [[Kingdom of Saxony]])
* [[File:Flag of Krakow.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Free City of Cracow|Free, Independent, and Strictly Neutral City of Cracow with its Territory]] (1815–1846)
* [[File:Royal Standard of the Tsar of Poland (1815–1830).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Congress Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (1815–1832; personal union with the [[Russian Empire]])
* [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Vistula Land]] (1867–1915; part of the Russian Empire)
* [[File:Flagge Preußen - Provinz Posen (1815).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Grand Duchy of Posen]] (1815–1848; part of the [[Kingdom of Prussia]])
* [[File:Flag of the Grand Duchy of Cracow.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Grand Duchy of Kraków]] (1846–1918; part of [[Austria-Hungary]])
* [[File:Flag of Poland (November Uprising).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish National Government (November Uprising)|Polish National Government]] (1830–1831)
* [[File:Coat of arms of the Kraków Uprising.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kraków uprising|Polish National Government]] (1846)
* [[File:Flag of the Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth (January Uprising).svg|25x25px|border]] [[Polish National Government (January Uprising)|Polish National Government]] (1863–1864)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)|Kingdom of Poland]] (1917–1918)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Republic of Zakopane]] (1918)
* [[File:POL Tarnobrzeg flag.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Republic of Tarnobrzeg]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of Ukraine.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Komancza Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Прапор Лемко-Русинської Республіки.svg|25x25px|border]] [[Lemko Republic|Lemko-Rusyn People's Republic]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1919–1927).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Second Polish Republic]] (1918–1939)
** [[File:Flag of Central Lithuania 1920.svg|25x25px]] [[Republic of Central Lithuania]] (1920–1922)
** [[File:Flag of the Free City of Danzig.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Free City of Danzig]] (1920–1939)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee]] (1920)
* [[File:War Ensign of Germany (1938–1945).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Military Administration in Poland]] (1939)
* [[File:Flag of Germany (1935–1945).svg|border|25x25px]] [[General Government|General Governorate for the Occupied Polish Region]] (1939–1945)
* [[File:Flaga PPP.svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish Underground State]] (1939–1945)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] (1944)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Government of the Republic of Poland]] (1944–1945)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] (1945–1947)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish People's Republic|Republic of Poland]] (1947–1952)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (1927–1980).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish People's Republic]] (1952–1989)
* [[File:Flag of Poland (normative).svg|border|25x25px]] [[Polish National Territorial Region|Polish National-Territorial Region]] (1990–1991)

====Ukraine====
* [[Kholodny Yar Republic]] (1919–1922)
* [[File:Прапор В.З..png|20px|border]] [[Zaporozhian Sich]] (1552–1775)
* [[File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg|20px|border=]] [[Cossack Hetmanate]] (1649–1764)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg}} [[Ukrainian People's Republic]] (1917–1920)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Ukraine (1917–1921).svg}} [[Ukrainian State]] (1918)
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[West Ukrainian People's Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–1929).svg|20px|border]] [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1991; sovereign until 1922)
* [[File:Махновское знамя.svg|20px|border]] [[Makhnovshchina]] (1918–1921)
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Hutsul Republic]] (1919)
* [[File:Flag of the Galician SSR.svg|20px|border]] [[Galician Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1920)
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Carpatho-Ukraine]] (1939)
* {{flagicon|Ukraine}} [[Ukrainian national government (1941)|Ukrainian National Government]] (1941)
* [[File:Flag_of_Donetsk_People's_Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Donetsk People's Republic]] (2014–2022)
* [[File:Flag_of_the_Luhansk_People's_Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Luhansk People's Republic]] (2014–2022)

====Crimea====
* [[File:Coat of arms of Gothia.svg|20px|border=]] [[Principality of Theodoro]] (13th century–1475)
* [[File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg|20px]] [[Crimean Khanate]] (1449–1783)
* [[File:Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg|20px|border]] [[Crimean People's Republic]] (1917–1918)
* [[File:Flag of the Crimean ASSR (1938).svg|20px|border]] [[Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1941/1944–1945/1991–1992)
* [[File:Flag_of_Crimea.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Crimea (country)|Republic of Crimea]] (2014)

====Baltic countries and Belarus====
* [[File:Iziaslav of Polock Seal avers.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Polotsk]] (10th century–1397)
* [[File:Royal banner of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (1236–1795)
* {{flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Kingdom of Lithuania (1918)|Kingdom of Lithuania]] (1918)
* [[File:Flag of Lithuania.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Lithuania|Republic of Lithuania]] (1918–1940)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Perloja.svg|20px|border]] [[Perloja|Republic of Perloja]] (1918–1923)
* [[File:Flag of Central Lithuania 1920.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Central Lithuania]] (1920–1922)
* [[File:Flag of the Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR.svg|20px|border]] [[Lithuanian–Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919)
* [[File:Flag of Belarus (1918, 1991–1995).svg|20px|border]] [[Belarusian People's Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919-1927).svg|20px|border]] [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1922)
* [[File:Flag of the State of the Teutonic Order.svg|20px|border]] [[State of the Teutonic Order]] (1230–1525)
* [[File:Flag of et-Parnu.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Livonia]] (1570–1578)
* [[File:United Baltic Duchy flag.svg|20px|border]] [[United Baltic Duchy]] (1918)
* [[File:Flag of the Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic (1918–1920).svg|20px|border]] [[Latvian Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Latvia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Latvia|First Latvian Republic]] (1918–1940)
* [[File:Flag of Courland (state).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1918)|Duchy of Courland and Semigallia]] (1918)
* [[File:Petropavlovsk-Krondstadt flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Soviet Republic of Naissaar]] on an Estonian Baltic Sea island (1917–1918)
* [[File:Flag of the Commune of the Working People of Estonia.svg|20px|border]] [[Commune of the Working People of Estonia]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of Estonia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Estonia|First Estonian Republic]] (1918–1940)

====Romania and Moldova====
* [[File:Dacian Draco.svg|20px|border]] [[Dacia|Dacian Kingdom]] (168 BC–106 AD)
* [[Țara Litua]] (1247–1330)
* [[Voievodeship of Gelu]] (9th–11th century)
* [[Voivodeship of Maramureș]] (9th century–1402)
* [[Jupanat of Dimitrie]] (c. 943)
* [[Voivodeship of Glad]] (10th century)
* [[Voivodeship of Menumorut]] (9th–11th century)
* [[Jupanat of Gheorghe]] (10th century)
* [[Jupanat of Tatos]] (c. 1190)
* [[Jupanat of Sacea]] (11th century)
* [[Jupanat of Setslav]] (c. 1085)
* [[File:Flag_of_Transylvania_(1350).svg|20px|border]] [[Voivodship of Transylvania]] (12th century–1541)
* [[Banat of Severin]] (1228–1526)
* [[Voivodship of Seneslav]] (13th century)
* [[Cnezatul lui Ioan]] (13th century)
* [[Cnezatul lui Farcaș]] (13th century)
* [[File:Flag of Wallachia.svg|20px|border]] [[Wallachia|Principality of Wallachia]] (1330–1859)
* [[File:Flag of Moldavia.svg|20px|border]] [[Moldavia|Principality of Moldavia]] (1346–1859)
* [[File:Transsylvanian_Banner.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1570–1711)
* [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Wallachian Eyalet]] (1595)
* [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Temeşvar Eyalet]] (1552–1716)
* [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|20px|border]] [[Varat Eyalet]] (1660–1692)
* [[File:Flag_of_Transylvania_before_1918.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)|Grand Principality of Transylvania]] (1711–1867)
* [[File:Flag_of_the_Habsburg_Monarchy.svg|20px|border]] [[Banat of Temeswar]] (1718–1778)
* [[File:Flag_of_Bukowina.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bukovina]] (1849–1918)
* [[File:Flag of the United Principalities of Romania (1862–1866).svg|20px|border]] [[United Principalities|United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia]] (1859–1881)
* {{flagicon|Romania}} [[Kingdom of Romania]] (1881–1947)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Banat Republic]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:National flag of the Moldavian Democratic Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Moldavian Democratic Republic]] (1917–1918)
* [[File:Flag of Romania (1965–1989).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Socialist Republic of Romania]] (1947–1989)

====Russia====
* [[File:Nowogród.svg|20px|border]] [[Novgorod Republic]] (1136–1478)
* [[File:Символ господарства Псковского.png|20px|border]] [[Pskov Republic]] (1348–1510)
* [[File:Symbol of Principality of Tver.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Tver]] (1246–1483)
* {{noflag}}[[Principality of Beloozero]] (13th–15th century)
* {{noflag}}[[Principality of Yaroslavl]] (1218–1463)
* [[File:Symbol Duchy of Ryazan.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Ryazan]] (1097–1521)
* [[File:Эмблема пермской земли (Саадачный покровец, около 1626 год).gif|20px|border]] [[Great Perm|Principality of Great Perm]] (1323–1505)
** [[Vyatka Land]]
* [[File:Golden Horde flag 1339.svg|20px|border]] [[Golden Horde]] (1320–1547)
* {{noflag}}[[Astrakhan Khanate]] (1466–1556)
* {{Flagicon image|Zilant flag.gif}} [[Khanate of Kazan]] (1438–1552)
* [[Qasim Khanate]] (1452–1681)
* [[Khanate of Sibir]] (1468–1598)
* [[File:Flag of the Kalmyk Khanate.svg|20px|border]] [[Kalmyk Khanate]] (1630–1771)
* [[File:Karelian National Flag.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Uhtua]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Kuban People's Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Kuban People's Republic]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Don Cossacks.svg|20px|border]] [[Don Republic]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Idel-Ural State.svg|20x20px]] [[Idel-Ural State]] (1 March 1918 – 28 March 1918)
* [[File:Flag of the Far Eastern Republic.svg|20px|border]] [[Far Eastern Republic]] (1920–1922)
* {{Flagicon image|Flag of Green Ukraine.svg}} [[Green Ukraine]] (1920–1922)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Tungus Republic.svg}} [[Tungus Republic]] (1924–1925)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Mongolia (1911-1921).svg}} [[State of Buryat-Mongolia]] (1917–1920)
* [[File:Seal of Ivan 4 1539 a.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]] (1283–1547)
*{{Flagicon|Ingria}}[[North Ingria]](1919–1920)[[File:POL COA Gryf.svg|left|frameless|27x27px]][[Jaxa (state)|Jaxa]] (1665–1674)
* [[File:Flag of Oryol ship (variant).svg|20px|border]] [[Tsardom of Russia]] (1547–1721)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Empire]] (1721–1917)
** [[File:Royal Standard of the Tsar of Poland (1815–1830).svg|20px|border]] [[Congress Poland|Kingdom of Poland]] (1815–1867)
** [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|20px|border]] [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] (1809–1917)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Petrograd Soviet|Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies]] (1917–1924)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Republic]] (1917)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian Democratic Federative Republic|Russian Republic]] (1918)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Russian State (1918–1920)|Russian State]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic]] (1918)
* [[File:Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1918–1937).svg|20px|border]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (1917–1922)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Supreme Administration of the Northern Region]] (1918)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Provisional Government of the Northern Region]] (1918–1920)
* {{flagicon|Russia}} [[Armed Forces of South Russia]] (1918–1919)
* [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|20px|border]] [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (1922–1991)
[[File:Union_of_Soviet_Socialist_Republics_(orthographic_projection)-Flag_version.svg|thumb|alt=Union of Soviet Socialist Republic map With Flag|Union of Soviet Socialist Republic map With Flag]]
** [[File:Flag of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic (1956–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (1951–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Karelo-Finnish SSR.svg|size=20x20px}} [[Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1956)
** [[File:Flag of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1990)
** [[File:Flag of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (1953–1988).svg|20x20px]] [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1990)
** [[File:Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1940–1991)
*** [[File:Flag of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1990).svg|20x20px]] [[Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1990–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1954–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Turkestan Autonomous SSR Flag.svg}} [[Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1918–1924)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Volga German ASSR.svg}} [[Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1918–1941)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Bashkir ASSR.svg}} [[Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1919–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Tatar ASSR.svg}} [[Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1920–1990)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of The Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1920-36).svg}} [[Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1920–1936)
*** {{flagicon image|}} [[Mountain Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1924)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Dagestan ASSR.svg}} [[Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Crimean ASSR (1938).svg}} [[Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1921–1945)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Yakut ASSR.svg}} [[Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Buryat ASSR.svg}} [[Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1923–1990)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Karelian ASSR.svg}} [[Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1923–1940; 1956–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kirghiz ASSR (1926–1936).svg}} [[Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (1926–36)|Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic]] (1926–1936)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Mordovian ASSR.svg}} [[Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1934–1990)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Udmurt ASSR.svg}} [[Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1934–1990)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Kalmyk ASSR.svg}} [[Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1935–1943; 1957–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR.svg}} [[Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1944; 1957–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kabardino-Balkar ASSR.svg}} [[Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1944; 1957–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Komi ASSR.svg}} [[Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Mari ASSR.svg}} [[Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the North Ossetian ASSR.svg}} [[North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1936–1992)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kabardin ASSR (1954-1957).svg}} [[Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1944–1957)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of Tuvan ASSR (1978-1992).svg}} [[Tuvan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1961–1992)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR.svg}} [[Khakas Autonomous Oblast]] (1990–1991)
*** {{flagicon image|Flag of the Russian SFSR.svg}} [[Gorno-Altai Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1990–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1929–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (1973–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1924–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1922–1991)
** [[File:Flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (1952–1991).svg|20x20px]] [[Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic]] (1924–1991)

====Hungary====
* [[File:Flag of Hungary (895-1000).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Hungary]] (895–1000)
* [[File:Flag of Hungary (1867-1918).svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (1000–1804)
** [[File:Coa Hungary Country History John I of Hungary (Szapolyai) (1526-1540).svg|x20px]] [[Eastern Hungarian Kingdom]] (1526–1551, 1556–1570)
** [[File:Banner of Gabriel Bethlen.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1570–1711)
** [[File:Flag of Hungary (15th century, rectangular).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Upper Hungary]] (1682–1685)
** [[File:Banner of Gabriel Bethlen.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Transylvania (1711–1867)|Principality of Transylvania]] (1711–1804)
** [[File:Flag of Croatia (Early 16th century–1526) (Border).svg|20px|border]] [[Croatia in personal union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]] (1102–1526)
* [[File:Flag of Louis II of Hungary.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)|Kingdom of Hungary]] (1301–1526)
* [[File:Flag of Hungary with great coat of arms (1849).svg|20px|border]] [[Hungarian State (1849)|Hungarian State]] (1849)
* [[File:Flag of Hungary.svg|20px]] [[Hungarian People's Republic]] (1949–1989)

====Czechia and Slovakia====
* [[File:Banner of Přemyslid family.svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Bohemia]] ({{circa|870}}–1198)
* [[File:Flag of Bohemia.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] (1198–1918)
* [[File:Banner of arms of Moravia.svg|20px|border]] [[Margraviate of Moravia]] (1182–1918)
* [[File:Socialist red flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Slovak Soviet Republic]] (1919)
* [[File:Flag of Slovakia (1939–1945).svg|20px|border]] [[Slovak Republic (1939–1945)|Slovak Republic]] (1939–1945)
* {{flagicon|TCH}} [[First Czechoslovak Republic]] (1918–1938)
* {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Second Czechoslovak Republic]] (1938–1939)
* {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Third Czechoslovak Republic]] (1945–1948)
* {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Czechoslovak Socialist Republic]] (1948–1989; before 1960 as Czechoslovak Republic)
* {{flagicon|TCH}} [[Czech and Slovak Federative Republic]] (1990–1992)

====Austria====
* [[File:Flag of Austria (1-1).svg|20px|border]] [[Duchy of Austria]] (1156–1453)
* [[File:Flag of Austria.svg|20px|border]] [[Archduchy of Austria]] (1453–1804)
* [[File:Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg|20px|border]] [[Austrian Empire]] (1804–1867)
* [[File:Austro-hungarian coat of arms 1914.svg|20px|border]] [[Austria-Hungary]] (1867–1918)

====Balkans====
* In Albania:
** [[File:Flag of Albanian Provisional Government (1912-1914).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent Albania]] (1912–1914)
** [[File:Flag of the Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus]] (1914)
** [[File:Essad Pasha's flag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Central Albania]] (1913–1914)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1914–1920).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Albania]] (1914–1925)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1914–1920).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate over Albania]] (1917–1920)
** [[File:Flag of the Republic of Mirdita.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Mirdita]] (1921)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1939–1943).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)|Italian protectorate of Albania]] (1939–1943)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1934-1939).svg|border|20x20px]] [[German occupation of Albania]] (1943–1944)
** [[File:Flag of Albania (1946–1992).svg|border|20x20px]] [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania]] (1946–1992)
* In Aromania:
** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[First Hellenic Republic]] (1828–1832)
** [[File:Areios Pagos Anatolikis Ellados.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece]] (1821–1825)
** [[File:State Flag of Greece (1863-1924 and 1935-1970).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Greece]] (1832–1924, 1935–1941, 1944–1974)
** [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Islands of the Aegean]] (1912–1945)
** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Hellenic Republic]] (1924–1935)
* In Bosnia:
** [[File:Banovina Bosna zastava (rotated).png|24x24px]] [[Kingdom of Bosnia]] (1377–1463)
** [[File:OostenrijkHongarije-Bosnie.png|border|20x20px]] [[Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina|Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (1878–1918)
** [[File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1998).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (1992–1995)
** {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia (1993–1995).svg}} [[Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia]] (1993–1995)
** [[File:Flag of the Republika Srpska.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republika Srpska (1992–1995)|Republika Srpska]] (1992–1995)
** [[File:Flag of the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia]] (1991–1996)
* In Bulgaria:
** [[File:Flag of the Second Bulgarian Empire.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Bulgarian Empire]] (1185–1396)
** [[File:Flag of Vicina.svg|20x20px]] [[Despotate of Dobruja]] (1356–1411)
** {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Principality of Bulgaria]] (1878–1908)
** [[File:Strandzha Commune.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Strandzha Commune]] (1903)
** {{flagicon|Bulgaria}} [[Kingdom of Bulgaria]] (1908–1946)
** [[File:Flag of Bulgaria (1971–1990).svg|border|20x20px]] [[People's Republic of Bulgaria]] (1946–1990)
* In Croatia:
** [[File:Flag_of_the_State_of_Slovenes,_Croats_and_Serbs.svg|border|20x20px]] [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] (1918)
** [[File:Crown_of_Zvonimir_(Croatia).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)|Kingdom of Croatia]] (925–1102)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)|Kingdom of Croatia]] (1527–1868)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Slavonia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Slavonia]] (1699–1868)
** [[File:Flag of Croatia-Slavonia with CoA.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia]] (1868–1918)
** [[File:Flag of the Free State of Fiume.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Free State of Fiume]] (1920–1924)
** [[File:Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent State of Croatia]] (1941–1945)
** [[File:Free Territory Trieste Flag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Free Territory of Trieste]] (1947–1954)
** [[File:St. Blaise - National Flag of the Ragusan Republic.png|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Ragusa]] (1358–1808)
** [[File:State Flag of Serbian Krajina (1991).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Serbian Krajina]] (1991–1995)
* In Greece:
** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[First Hellenic Republic]] (1828–1832)
** [[File:Areios Pagos Anatolikis Ellados.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece]] (1821–1825)
** [[File:State Flag of Greece (1863-1924 and 1935-1970).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Greece]] (1832–1924, 1935–1941, 1944–1974)
** [[File:Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands.svg|border|20x20px]] [[United States of the Ionian Islands]] (1815–1864)
** [[File:Flag of the Septinsular Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Septinsular Republic]] (1800–1815)
** [[File:Flag of the Principality of Samos (1834–1912).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Samos]] (1815–1864)
** [[File:Flag of Cretan State.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cretan State]] (1898–1913)
** [[File:Flag of the Free State of Ikaria.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Ikaria|Free State of Ikaria]] (1912)
** [[File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian Islands of the Aegean]] (1912–1945)
** [[File:Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Hellenic Republic]] (1924–1935)
* In Montenegro:
** [[File:Flag of the Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro2.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro]] (1516–1852)
** [[File:Flag of the Principality of Montenegro.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Montenegro]] (1852–1910)
** [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Montenegro.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Montenegro]] (1910–1918)
** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Italian governorate of Montenegro]] (1941–1943)
** [[File:Flag of Montenegro (1905–1918, 1941–1944).svg|border|20x20px]] [[German-occupied territory of Montenegro]] (1943–1944)
* In North Macedonia:
** [[File:Flag of the Kruševo Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kruševo Republic]] (1903)
** [[File:Flag IMARO.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Independent Macedonia (1944)|Independent Macedonia]] (1944) [proposed]
* In Serbia:
** [[File:Flag of Revolutionary Serbia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Revolutionary Serbia]] (1804–1813)
** [[File:Flag of Serbia (1835-1882).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Principality of Serbia]] (1815–1882)
** [[File:State Flag of Serbia (1882-1918).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Serbia]] (1882–1918)
** [[File:Flag of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.svg|border|20x20px]] [[State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs]] (1918)
** [[File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1918–1941).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] (1929–1943)
** [[File:Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]] (1943–1992)
** {{Flag|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|1992}} (1992–2003)
** {{Flag|Serbia and Montenegro}} (2003–2006)
** [[File:Flag of Kosova (1991–1999).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Kosova]] (1991–1999)
* In Turkey:
** [[File:Byzantine imperial flag, 14th century, square.svg|20x20px]] [[Byzantine Empire]] (395–1453)
*** [[File:Arms of the House of de la Roche.svg|24x24px]] [[Duchy of Athens]] (1205–1458)
*** [[Despotate of Epirus]] (1356–1479)
*** [[Empire of Nicaea]] (1204–1261)
** [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Ottoman Empire]] ({{circa|1299}}–1922)
** [[File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Government of the Grand National Assembly]] (1920–1923)

====Caucasus====
* [[File:Flag of Mihranids.svg|20px]] [[Caucasian Albania]] (2nd century BC–8th century AD)
*  [[Kabardia]] ({{circa|1453}}–{{circa|1825}})
* [[File:Circassian flag.svg|20x20px]] [[Circassia]] (13th century–1864)
* [[Kingdom of Abkhazia]] (778–1008)
* [[Elisu Sultanate]] (1604–1844)
* [[File:Flag of Avars.svg|20px]] [[Avar Khanate]] (13th century–1864)
* {{Flagicon image|Thirdimamateflag.svg}} [[Caucasian Imamate]] (1828–1859)
* [[File:Flag of the Mountain Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus]] (1917–1921)
* [[File:Flag of North Caucasian Emirate.svg|20x20px]] [[North Caucasian Emirate]] (1919–1920)
* [[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg|border|23px]] [[Chechen Republic of Ichkeria]] (1991–2000)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Georgia.svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Georgia]] (1008–1490)
* [[File:Banner of the Kingdom of Imereti.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Imereti]] (1260–1810)
* [[File:Banner of the Principality of Svaneti.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Svaneti]] (1463–1858)
* [[File:Flag of The Principality of Mingrelia (Portolan 1560).svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Mingrelia]] (1557–1867)
* [[File:Banner of Guria.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Guria]] (1460–1829)
* [[Samtskhe-Saatabago]] (1266–1625)
* [[Kingdom of Kartli]] (1478–1762)
* [[File:Flag of Kingdom of Kakheti.svg|20px|border]] [[Kingdom of Kakheti]] (1465–1762)
* [[File:Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.svg|25px]] [[Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti]] (1762–1801)
* [[File:Flag of Georgia (1918–1921, 4-5).svg|23px|border]] [[Democratic Republic of Georgia]] (1918–1921)
* {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[First Republic of Armenia]] (1918–1920)
* {{flagdeco|Armenia}} [[Republic of Mountainous Armenia]] (April 1921–July 1921)
* {{flagicon|Artsakh}} [[Republic of Artsakh]] (1991–2024)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Aras.svg}} [[Republic of Aras]] (1918–1919)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Centrocaspian Dictatorship.svg}} [[Centrocaspian Dictatorship]] (1918)
* {{flagdeco|Russia}} [[Provisional Military Dictatorship of Mughan|Military Dictatorship of Mughan]] (1918–1919)
* {{flagicon image|Baku_Commune.png}} [[Baku Commune]] (1918)
* {{flagicon|Azerbaijan}} [[Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan]] (1918–1920)
* [[File:Flag of the Transcaucasian Federation.svg|23px|border]] [[Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic]] (February 1918–May 1918)

====Iberian Peninsula====
* [[File:Bandeirareinogaliza.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Galicia]] (410–1833)
* [[File:Rectangular green flag.svg|border|20px]] [[Emirate of Córdoba]] (756–929)
* [[File:Royal_flag_of_Ramiro_I_of_Asturies.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Asturias]] (718–924)
* [[File:Bandera de Reino de Navarra.svg|23px|border]] [[Kingdom of Navarre]] (824–1620)
* [[File:Royal Banner of León.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of León]] (910–1230)
* [[File:Flag of the Couto Misto.svg|18px|border]] [[Couto Misto]] (10th century–1868)
* [[File:Royal Banner of the Kingdom of Castile (Variant).svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Castile]] (1065–1833)
* [[File:Banderacatalana1231.png|20px]] [[Principality of Catalonia]] (12th century – 1714/1833)
* [[File:Royal Banner of Aragón.svg|23px]] [[Crown of Aragon]] (1164–1707/1715)
* [[File:Royal Banner of the Crown of Castile (Early Style)-Variant.svg|23px]] [[Crown of Castile]] (1230–1716)
* [[File:Bandera del Reino de Mallorca.svg|20px]] [[Kingdom of Majorca]] (1231–1715)
* [[File:Royal Standard of Nasrid Dynasty Kingdom of Grenade.svg|23px]] [[Emirate of Granada]] (1232–1492)
* [[Iberian Union]] (1580–1640)
* [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|23px]] [[Catalan Republic (1640–1641)|First Catalan Republic]] (1640–1641)
* [[File:Bandeira Reino Unido Portugal Brasil Algarve.svg|23px|border]] [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] (1815–1825)
* [[File:Flag Portugal (1830).svg|23px|border]] [[Monarchy of the North|Kingdom of Portugal (Monarchy of the North)]] (1919)
* [[File:Flag of Portugal.svg|23px|border]] [[Ditadura Nacional]] (1926–1933)
* [[File:Flag of Spain (1931–1939).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Second Spanish Republic]] (1931–1939)
* [[Republic of Galicia]] (1931)
* [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|23px]] [[Catalan Republic (1931)|Second Catalan Republic]] (1931)
* {{flagicon image|Socialist red flag.svg}} [[Asturian miners' strike of 1934|Asturian Socialist Republic]] (October 1934)
* {{flagicon image|CNT FAI flag.svg}} [[Revolutionary Catalonia]] (1936–1937)
* [[File:Estelada_blava.svg|20px]] [[Catalan declaration of independence|Catalonia]] (2017, disputed)

===North America===
{{See also|:Category:Former countries in North America}}

==== Anguilla ====
* [[File:Flag of Anguilla (1967-1969).svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Anguilla]] (1967–1969)

==== Bahamas ====
* [[File:Flag_of_the_Flying_Gang.svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Pirates]] (1706–1718)

==== Canada ====
* [[File:Flag of Madawaska.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Madawaska]] (1827)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Canada (variant).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Canada]] (1837–1838)
* [[File:Flag of the Patriote movement (Lower Canada).svg|24x24px]] [[Republic of Lower Canada]] (1838)
* [[File:Mikmaq State Flag (vertical).svg|20px|border]] [[Miꞌkmaꞌki]] (1867)
* [[File:Flag of Manitoba.svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Manitoba]] (1867–1870)
* [[File:Provisional Government of Saskatchewan flag.svg|20px|border]] [[Provisional Government of Saskatchewan]] (1885)
* [[File:Flag of the Dominion of Newfoundland.svg|20px|border]] [[Dominion of Newfoundland]] (1907–1949)

==== Dominican Republic ====
* [[File:Flag of Spanish Haiti.svg|20x20px]] [[Republic of Spanish Haiti]] (1821–1822)
* [[File:Flag of the Dominican First Republic.svg|20x20px]] [[First Republic (Dominican Republic)|First Dominican Republic]] (1844–1861)

==== Guatemala ====
* [[File:Flag of the Federal Republic of Central America.svg|border|20x20px]] [[United Provinces of Central America]]
* [[File:Flag of Los Altos.svg|20x20px]] [[Los Altos (state)|State of Los Altos]] (1838–1840), (1848–1849)

==== Haiti ====
* [[File:Flag of Haiti 1964 (civil).svg|20x20px]] [[First Empire of Haiti]] (1804–1806)
* [[File:Flag of Haiti (1806–1811).svg|20x20px]] [[State of Haiti]] (1806–1811)
* [[File:Flag of Haiti (1814–1820).svg|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Haiti]] (1811–1820)

==== Mexico ====
* [[File:Toltec Emblem.svg|20px]] [[Toltec Empire]] (674 (disputed)–1122 (disputed))
* [[File:Cocollan.jpg|20px]] [[Cocollán]] (1100–1521)
* [[Aztec Empire]] (1428–1521)
* [[Zapotec civilization]] ({{circa|700 BC}}–1521)
* [[Mexican War of Independence|Governing Junta of Mexico]] (1808)
* [[File:Flag of the Three Guarantees.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Solemn Act of the Declaration of Independence of Northern America|Northern America]] (1813)
* [[File:Bandera del Primer Imperio Mexicano.svg|border|20x20px]] [[First Mexican Empire]] (1821–1823)
* [[File:Flag of Mexico (1823-1864, 1867-1893).svg|20x20px]] [[Provisional Government of Mexico]] (1823–1824)
* [[File:Bandera de la Primera República Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.svg|20x20px]] [[First Mexican Republic]] (1824–1835)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Rio Grande (historical).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of the Rio Grande]] (1840)
* [[File:Bandera de la República Central Mexicana.svg|20x20px]] [[Centralist Republic of Mexico]] (1835–1846)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Yucatan.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Yucatán]] (1841–1848)
* [[File:Bandera de la Segunda República Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos.svg|20x20px]] [[Second Federal Republic of Mexico]] (1846–1863)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Sonora.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Sonora]] (1853–1854)
* [[File:Flag of the Republic of Lower California.svg|20px]] [[Republic of Baja California]] (1853–1854)
* [[File:Flag of the Second Mexican Empire.svg|20px]] [[Second Mexican Empire]] (1864–1867)

==== United States ====
* [[File:Flag of the Iroquois Confederacy.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Iroquois Confederacy]] (between 1450 and 1660–1867)
* [[File:Flag of the Vermont Republic.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Vermont Republic]] (1777–1791)
* [[File:Flag of the Choctaw Brigade.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Choctaw Nation]] (1786–1866)
* [[File:Flag of the Cherokee Nation.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Cherokee Nation (19th century)|Cherokee Nation]] (1794–1865)
* [[File:Flag of the Creek Nation.svg|border|20x20px]] [[State of Muskogee]] (1799–1803)
* [[File:West Florida Flag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of West Florida]] (1810)
* [[File:East Florida Patriot Flag.svg|24x24px]] [[Republic of East Florida]] (1812)
* [[File:Green Cross flag of Florida.svg|24x24px]] [[Republic of the Floridas]] (1817)
* [[Republic of Indian Stream]] (1832–1835)
* [[File:Flag of Texas.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Texas]] (1836–1846)
* [[File:Oregon Provisional Government Seal.png|border|20x20px]] [[Provisional Government of Oregon]] (1841/1843–1849)
* [[File:Alleged Mormon flag 1877.svg|20px|border]] [[State of Deseret]] (1849–1850)
* [[File:1stBearFlag.svg|border|20x20px]] [[California Republic]] (June 14 – July 9, 1846)
* [[File:Flag of The Great Republic of Rough and Ready.svg|20x20px]] [[The Great Republic of Rough and Ready]] (1850)
* [[File:Flag of South Carolina (1861).svg|20px|border]] [[Palmetto Republic]] (1860–1861)
* [[File:Flag of Alabama (1861, obverse).svg|20px|border]] [[Alabama Republic]] (1861)
* [[File:Flag of Louisiana (February 1861).svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Louisiana]] (1861)
* [[File:Flag of the State of Georgia (1861, red).svg|20px|border]] [[Georgia in the American Civil War|Republic of Georgia]] (1861)
* [[File:Flag of Mississippi (1861-1865).svg|20px|border]] [[Republic of Mississippi]] (1861)
* {{Flag|Confederate States of America}} (1861–1865)
* [[File:Flag of Grito de Lares (current, medium blue).svg|25px|border]] [[Republic of Puerto Rico]] (1868, 1898)

===Oceania===
{{see also|List of predecessors of sovereign states in Oceania}}

* [[File:Royal Standard of Tonga.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Tuʻi Tonga Empire]] ({{circa|450}}–1865)
* [[Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)|Kingdom of ʻUvea]] (15th century–1887)
* [[Alo (Wallis and Futuna)|Kingdom of Alo]]
* [[Sigave|Kingdom of Sigave]]
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Mangareva 1832-1843.svg|20px|border]] [[Mangareva]] (1881)
* [[File:Flag of Bora Bora.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Bora Bora]] (till 1888 or 1895)
* [[File:Flag of Raiatea.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Raiatea]] (till 1888, French protectorate since 1880)
* [[File:Flag of Huahine.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Huahine]] (till 1895, French protectorate since 1888)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Tahiti.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tahiti]] (1788/91–1880, French protectorate since 1842)
* [[File:Flag of Rurutu.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Rurutu]] (till 1900, French protectorate since 1888)
* [[File:Flag of Rimatara.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Rimatara]] (till 1901, French protectorate since 1888)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Tahuata (1837-1842).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tahuata]] (till 1880, French protectorate since 1842)
* [[File:Flag of Rapa.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Rapa Iti]] (till 1881, kingship continued to 1887)
* [[Kingdom of Mangareva]] (till 1881, French protectorate since 1844/1871)
* Taiohae Kingdom of [[Nuku Hiva]] (till 1901, sovereignty ceded to France in 1842)
* [[File:Flag of the Tuamotu Islands.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Tuamotu]]
* [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom of Fiji 1871-1874.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Fiji during the time of Cakobau|Kingdom of Fiji]] (1871–1874)
* [[File:Flag of Fiji.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Dominion of Fiji]] (1970–1987)
* [[File:Flag of Hawaii (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Hawaii]] (1795–1893)
* [[File:Flag of Hawaii (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Provisional Government of Hawaii]] (1893–1894)
* [[File:Flag of Hawaii (1816).svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of Hawaii]] (1894–1898)
* [[Niue#History|Kingdom of Niuē-Fekai]] ({{circa|1700}}–1901)
* [[File:Flag of Rarotonga 1888-1893.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Rarotonga]] (1858–1893)
* [[Saudeleur dynasty]] ({{circa|1100|1628}})
* [[File:Easter Island flag 1876 to 1888.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Rapa Nui]] ([[Easter Island]]) (till 1888)
* Kingdom of [[Nauru]] (till 1888)
* {{flagicon image|Kingdom of Abemama Flag.svg}} [[Kingdom of Abemama]] (1795–1892)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the People's Provisional Government of Vanuatu (1977-1978).svg}} [[Vanua'aku Pati|People's Provisional Government of Vanuatu]] (1977–1978)

===South America===
==== Argentina ====
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Argentina (1818).svg}} [[United Provinces of the Río de la Plata]] (1810–1831)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Argentine Confederation.svg}} [[Argentine Confederation]] (1831–1861)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Artigas.svg}} [[Republic of Entre Ríos]] (1820–1821)
* {{flagicon image|Republica de tucuman.png}} [[Republic of Tucumán]] (1820–1821)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the State of Buenos Aires.svg}} [[State of Buenos Aires]] (1852–1861)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia.svg}} [[Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia]] (1860–1862)

==== Bolivia ====
* {{flagdeco|Bolivia|1825}} [[History of Bolivia (1809–1920)#Creating Bolivia: Bolívar, Sucre, and Santa Cruz|State of Upper Peru]] (1825)
* {{flagdeco|Bolivia|1825}} [[History of Bolivia (1809–1920)#Creating Bolivia: Bolívar, Sucre, and Santa Cruz|Republic of Bolívar]] (1825)
* {{flagdeco|Bolivia|1831}} [[Republic of Upper Peru]] (1828)
* {{flagdeco|Bolivia|1831}} [[Bolivian Republic (Peru-Bolivian Confederation)|Bolivian Republic]] (1836–1839)
* {{flagdeco|Peru-Bolivian Confederation}} [[Peru-Bolivian Confederation]] (1836–1839)

==== Brazil ====
* {{flag|Republic of Acre}} (1899–1900; 1903)
* {{flag|Empire of Brazil}} (1822–1889)
* {{flagicon image|Bandeira da Confedereção do Equador.svg|border}} [[Confederation of the Equator]] (1824)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Piratini Republic.svg|border}} [[Riograndense Republic]] (1836–1845)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of República Juliana (1839).svg|border}} [[Juliana Republic]] (1839)
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Republic of Independent Guyana (1887-1904).svg|border}} [[Republic of Counani]] (1886–1891)
* [[File:Flag of the Principality of Trinidad.svg|20px|border]] [[Principality of Trinidad]] (1893–1895)

==== Chile ====
* [[File:Flag of Chile (1812-1814).svg|20px|border]] [[Patria Vieja|Kingdom of Chile]] (1810–1814)
* [[File:State Ensign of Chile (1819-1834).svg|20x20px]] [[Patria Nueva|New State of Chile]] (1819–1826)
* [[File:Flag of Chile.svg|20x20px]] [[Conservative Republic]] (1830–1861)
* [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia]] (1862)

==== Colombia ====
* [[File:Bandera de la confederacion muisca.png|20x20px]] [[Muisca Confederation]] (1450–1537)
* [[File:Flag of Bolívar (Colombia).svg|20x20px]] [[Cartagena Province|Governing Junta of the Province of Cartagena]] (1810–1811)
* [[File:Flag of New Granada (1811-1814).svg|20x20px]] [[Cartagena Province|Free State of Cartagena]] (1811)
* [[File:Flag of Valle del Cauca.svg|20x20px]] [[Valle del Cauca Department|Governing Junta of Santiago de Cali]] (1810–1811)
* [[File:Flag of Valle del Cauca.svg|20x20px]] [[Valle del Cauca Department|Confederate Cities of Valle del Cauca]] (1811)
* [[File:Flag of Cundinamarca.svg|20x20px]] [[Free and Independent State of Cundinamarca]] (1811–1815)
* [[File:Flag of New Granada (1811-1814).svg|20x20px]] [[United Provinces of New Granada]] (1811–1816)
* [[File:Flag of the Gran Colombia.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Gran Colombia]] (1819–1831)
* [[File:Flag of New Granada.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Republic of New Granada]] (1831–1858)

==== Ecuador ====
* [[File:Flag of Quito Revolution (1809–1812).svg|20x20px]] [[State of Quito]] (1809–1812) ''[[:es:Estado de Quito|Estado de Quito]]''
* [[File:Bandera de Guayaquil.svg|20x20px]] [[Free Province of Guayaquil]] (1820–1822)

==== Paraguay ====
* [[File:Flag of Paraguay (1954-1988).svg|20x20px]] [[El Stronato]] (1954–1989)

==== Peru ====
* [[Chimú culture|Kingdom of Chimor]] ({{circa|900}}–1470)
* [[Inca Empire]] (1438–1533)
* {{flagdeco|Peru|1821}} [[Protectorate of Peru]] (1821–1822)
* [[File:Flag of Huanta.svg|20x20px]] [[Iquicha]] (1821–1839)
* {{flagdeco|Peru|south}} [[Republic of South Peru]] (1836–1839)
* {{flagdeco|Peru|north}} [[Republic of North Peru]] (1836–1839)
* {{flagdeco|Peru-Bolivian Confederation}} [[Peru-Bolivian Confederation]] (1836–1839)
* {{flagdeco|Peru|north}} [[Peruvian Republic (1837)|Peruvian Republic]] (1837)
* {{flagdeco|Peru|north}} [[Peruvian Republic (1838–1839)|Peruvian Republic]] (1838–1839)
* [[Federal State of Loreto]] (1896)
* [[Jungle Nation]] (1899–1900)

==== Uruguay ====
* [[Argentine War of Independence|Governing Junta of Montevideo]] (1808–1809)
* [[File:Flag of Artigas.svg|20x20px]] [[Liga Federal]] (1815–1820)

==== Venezuela ====
* [[File:Flag of Junta Suprema de Caracas.svg|20x20px]] [[Supreme Junta]] (1810–1811)
* [[File:Segunda bandera de la Primera República de Venezuela (version 1).svg|20x20px]] [[First Republic of Venezuela]] (1811–1812)
* [[File:Bandera de la Guerra a Muerte.svg|20x20px]] [[Second Republic of Venezuela]] (1813–1814)
* [[File:Bandera de la Tercera República de Venezuela, 1817-1819.svg|20x20px]] [[Third Republic of Venezuela]] (1817–1819)