Editing List of Spanish monarchs (section)

==House of Habsburg (1516–1700)==
{{anchor|Habsburgs}}
{{Main|Habsburg Spain}}
{{see|Philippine Dynasty}}
Following the deaths of Isabella (1504) and Ferdinand (1516), their daughter Joanna inherited the Spanish kingdoms. However, she was kept prisoner at Tordesillas due to an alleged mental disorder. As Joanna's son, [[Emperor Charles V|Charles I]] (the future [[Holy Roman Emperor]] Charles V), did not want to be merely a regent, he proclaimed himself king of Castile and Aragon jointly with his mother. Subsequently, Castilian and Aragonese ''Cortes'' recognized him as co-monarch along with his mother. Upon her death, he became sole King of Castile and Aragon, and the thrones were left permanently united to [[Philip II of Spain]] and successors. Traditional numbering of monarchs follows the Castillian crown; i.e. after King Ferdinand (II of Aragon and V of Castile ''jure uxoris'' as husband of Queen of Castille Isabella I), the next Ferdinand was numbered VI.  Likewise, [[Alfonso XII]] takes his number following that of [[Alfonso XI of Castile]] rather than that of [[Alfonso V of Aragon]], the prior Spanish monarch with that name.{{fact|date=June 2017}}

{{Succession table monarch
| name1       = '''[[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles I]]'''
| nickname1   = the Emperor
| native1     = {{langx|es|Carlos I}}
| life1       = {{Birth date|1500|2|24|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1558|9|21|1500|2|24|df=y}}
| reignstart1 = 14 March 1516
| reignend1   = 16 January 1556<br/>(39 years, 10 months and 2 days)
| notes1      = Son of [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]] and [[Philip I of Castile]]<br>{{small|Nominally co-monarch with Joanna till 1555, while she was confined}}
| family1     = [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]]
| image1      = Pantoja de la Cruz after Titian - Charles V in Armour (2).jpg
| alt1        = Carlos I of Spain
| name2       = '''[[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]'''
| nickname2   = the Prudent
| native2     = {{langx|es|Felipe II}}
| life2       = {{Birth date|1527|5|21|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1598|9|13|1527|5|21|df=y}}
| reignstart2 = 16 January 1556
| reignend2   = 13 September 1598<br/>(42 years, 7 months and 28 days)
| notes2      = Son of [[Charles I of Spain|Charles I]] 
| family2     = [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]]
| image2      = Philip II of Spain portrait (cropped).jpg
| alt2        = Felipe II of Spain
| name3       = '''[[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]]'''
| nickname3   = the Pious
| native3     = {{langx|es|Felipe III}}
| life3       = {{Birth date|1578|4|14|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1621|3|31|1578|4|14|df=y}}
| reignstart3 = 13 September 1598
| reignend3   = 31 March 1621<br/>(22 years, 6 months and 18 days)
| notes3      = Son of [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]
| family3     = [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]]
| image3      = Felipe III de España.jpg
| alt3        = Spain
| name4       = '''[[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]]'''
| nickname4   = the Great
| native4     = {{langx|es|Felipe IV}}
| life4       = {{Birth date|1605|4|8|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1665|9|17|1605|4|8|df=y}}
| reignstart4 = 31 March 1621
| reignend4   = 17 September 1665<br/>(44 years, 5 months and 17 days)
| notes4      = Son of [[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]]
| family4     = [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]]
| image4      = Philip IV of Spain.jpg
| alt4        = Felipe IV of Spain
| name5       = '''[[Charles II of Spain|Charles II]]'''
| nickname5   = the Bewitched
| native5     = {{langx|es|Carlos II}}
| life5       = {{Birth date|1661|11|6|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1700|11|1|1661|11|6|df=y}}
| reignstart5 = 17 September 1665
| reignend5   = 1 November 1700<br/>(35 years, 1 month and 15 days)
| notes5      = Son of [[Philip IV of Spain|Philip IV]]
| family5     = [[House of Habsburg|Habsburg]]
| image5      = Juan de Miranda Carreno 002.jpg
| alt5        = Carlos II of Spain
}}

In the year 1700, Charles II died. His will named the 16-year-old [[Philip V of Spain|Philip, Duke of Anjou]], the grandson of Charles's sister [[Maria Theresa of Spain]], as his successor to the whole [[Spanish Empire]].<ref>Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain: The King who Reigned Twice". Yale University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-300-08718-7}} P6</ref> Upon any possible refusal of the undivided Spanish possessions, the Crown of Spain would be offered next to Philip's younger brother [[Charles, Duke of Berry (1686–1714)|Charles, Duke of Berry]], or, next, to [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Archduke Charles of Austria]].<ref name=kamen>Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain:: The King who Reigned Twice", p.6. Published by Yale University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-300-08718-7}}</ref>

Both claimants, both Charles of Austria and Philip, had a legal right to the Spanish throne because Philip's grandfather, King [[Louis XIV of France]] and Charles's father, [[Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor]], were sons of Charles II's aunts, [[Anne of Austria|Anne]] and [[Maria Anna of Spain|Maria Anna]].  Philip claimed primogeniture because Anne was older than Maria Anna. However, Philip IV had stipulated in his will the succession should pass to the Austrian Habsburg line, and the Austrian branch also claimed that [[Maria Theresa of Spain|Maria Theresa]], Philip's grandmother, had renounced the Spanish throne for herself and her descendants as part of her marriage contract. This was countered by the French claim that it was on the basis of a dowry that had never been paid.<ref>Durant, Will. "The Age of Louis XIV", p.699. Simon and Schuster, New York 1963.</ref>

After a long council meeting where the Dauphin spoke up in favour of his son's rights, it was agreed that Philip would ascend the throne.<ref>Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain:: The King who Reigned Twice" Yale University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-300-08718-7}} P158</ref> Following this, the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] broke out and [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Archduke Charles]] was also proclaimed king of Spain, as Charles III, in opposition to Philip V. He was proclaimed in Vienna,<ref>{{cite EB1911| |wstitle=Charles VI. (Roman Emperor) |display=Charles VI. |volume=5 |page=905}}</ref> and also in Madrid in the years 1706 and 1710.  Charles renounced his claims to the Spanish throne in the [[Treaty of Rastatt]] of 1714, but was allowed the continued use of the styles of a Spanish monarch for his lifetime. Philip ascended the Spanish throne but had to renounce his claim to the throne of France for himself and his descendants.<ref>Kamen, Henry. "Philip V of Spain:: The King who Reigned Twice", p.158. Published by Yale University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|0-300-08718-7}}</ref>

===Disputed claimant of the House of Habsburg===
{| style="text-align:center; background:#FBDDBD; width:100%" class="wikitable"
! Portrait
! [[Coat of arms of Spain|Coat of arms]]
! width=21% |Name
! width=13% |Life
! width=13% |Reign
! width=16% |Titles
! width=18% |Claim
|--

| [[File:Retrat_de_Carles_III_davant_el_port_de_Barcelona,_Frans_van_Stampart.jpg|80px]] 
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Charles II of Spain (1668-1700).svg|70px]] [[File:Coat of Arms of Archduke Charles of Austria Claim to the Spanish throne (SpanishTerritories of the Crown of Aragon).svg|75px]]
| [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Archduke Charles of Austria]],<br /> as ''Charles III''<br /> <small>Archiduque Carlos (Carlos III)</small>
| 1 October 1685 –  20 October 1740 (aged 55) 
| 12 September 1703 – 2 July 1715 
(11 years, 9 months and 20 days)
| 
*King of Spain, Naples, Sicily and Sardinia
*Duke of Milan
*Sovereign of the Netherlands
|
*Great-grandson of [[Philip III of Spain|Philip III]]
*Far-descendant of [[Philip I of Castile|Philip I]]
|}