Editing Lille (section)

===Middle Ages===
The Carolingian duke [[Eberhard of Friuli|Évrard]] lived in the city in the 9th century and participated in many of the day's political and military affairs. There was an important Battle of Lille in 1054. [[Raimbert of Lille]] (fl. c. 1100) was an early [[nominalism|nominalist]] who taught at Lille.<ref name="Poole">{{cite book |last1=Poole |first1=Reginald Lane |author1-link=Reginald Lane Poole |title=Illustrations of the History of Medieval Thought and Learning |date=1960 |publisher=Dover |location=New York, NY |pages=92–93 |edition=2}}</ref>

From the 12th century, the fame of the Lille cloth fair began to grow. In 1144 Saint-Sauveur parish was formed, which would give its name to the modern-day ''quartier Saint-Sauveur''.

The counts of Flanders, [[County of Boulogne|Boulogne]], and [[County of Hainaut|Hainaut]] came together with England and East Frankia and tried to regain territory taken by [[Philip II of France]] following Henry II of England's death, a war that ended with the French victory at [[Bouvines]] in 1214. [[Infante Ferdinand, Count of Flanders]] was imprisoned and the county fell into dispute: it would be his wife, [[Jeanne, Countess of Flanders]] and [[Constantinople]], who ruled the city. She was said to be well loved by the residents of Lille, who by that time numbered 10,000.

In 1225, the [[street performer]] and [[juggler]] [[Bertrand Cordel]], doubtlessly encouraged by local lords, tried to pass himself off as [[Baldwin I of Constantinople]] (the father of Jeanne of Flanders), who had disappeared at the [[Battle of Adrianople (1205)|battle of Adrianople]]. He pushed the counties of [[County of Flanders|Flanders]] and [[County of Hainaut|Hainaut]] towards sedition against Jeanne in order to recover his land. She called her cousin, [[Louis VIII of France|Louis VIII]] ("The Lion"). He unmasked the imposter, whom Countess Jeanne quickly had hanged. In 1226 the king agreed to free Infante Ferdinand, Count of Flanders. Count Ferrand died in 1233, and his daughter Marie soon after. In 1235, Jeanne granted a city charter by which city governors would be chosen each All Saint's Day by four commissioners chosen by the ruler. On 6 February 1236, she founded the Countess's Hospital ([[Hospice Comtesse]]). It was in her honour that the hospital of the Regional Medical University of Lille was named "Jeanne of Flanders Hospital" in the 20th century.

The Countess died in 1244 in the [[Abbey]] of Marquette, leaving no heirs. The rule of Flanders and Hainaut thus fell to her sister, [[Margaret II, Countess of Flanders]], then to Margaret's son, [[Guy of Dampierre]]. Lille fell under the rule of France from 1304 to 1369, after the [[Franco-Flemish War]] (1297–1305).

The county of Flanders fell to the [[Burgundian State]] next, after the 1369 marriage of [[Margaret III, Countess of Flanders]], and [[Philip the Bold]], Duke of Burgundy. Lille thus became one of the three capitals of said Duchy, along with [[Brussels]] and [[Dijon]]. By 1445, Lille counted some 25,000 residents. [[Philip the Good]], Duke of Burgundy, was even more powerful than the [[List of French monarchs|King of France]], and made Lille an administrative and financial capital.

On 17 February 1454, one year after the [[Fall of Constantinople|taking of Constantinople]] by the [[Ottoman Empire|Turks]], Philip the Good organised a [[Gargantua and Pantagruel|Pantagruelian]] banquet at his Lille palace, the still-celebrated "[[Feast of the Pheasant]]". There the Duke and his court undertook an oath to Christianity.

In 1477, at the death of the last duke of Burgundy, [[Charles the Bold]], [[Mary of Burgundy]] married [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian of Austria]], who thus became Count of Flanders.