Editing Lathraea (section)

== Species ==
[[File:Illustration Lathraea squamaria0.jpg|thumb|140px|Common toothwort. Illustration from Thomé, ''Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz'', 1885]]
* '''Common toothwort''' (''[[Lathraea squamaria]]'') is parasitic on the roots of [[hazel]] and [[alder]], occasionally on [[beech]], in shady places such as hedge sides. ''Lathraea squamaria'' is widespread in Europe. The common toothwort is a [[protocarnivorous plant]]. Most of the plant consists of a branched whitish underground stem closely covered with thick fleshy colourless leaves, which are bent over so as to hide the under surface; irregular cavities communicating with the exterior are formed in the thickness of the leaf. On the inner walls of these chambers are stalked hairs, which when stimulated by the touch of an insect send out delicate filaments by means of which the insect is killed and digested.<ref>Francis Ernest Lloyd, ''[[The Carnivorous Plants]]'', The Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, Mass., 1942 - {{ISBN|0-486-23321-9}}</ref><ref>{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Toothwort |volume=27 |page=47}}</ref>
* '''Purple toothwort''' (''[[Lathraea clandestina]]'') grows on the roots mainly of alder, [[Populus|poplar]] and [[willow]]. At Arduaine Garden in Argyll in the absence of the three well-known hosts it grows on the roots of a variety of ornamental trees and shrubs; in the same garden cats are frequently seen to roll in the flowers and to eat them.<ref>Maurice Wilkins, Head Gardener</ref> It differs from common toothwort in the dark purple flowers being produced one on each stem. Purple toothwort grows in Middle and South Europe: Western Belgium, Western and Central France and Northern Spain, and locally in Central Italy.<ref>[http://www.ars-grin.gov/~sbmljw/cgi-bin/taxon.pl?417528 GRIN. Lathraea clandestina] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924161105/http://www.ars-grin.gov/~sbmljw/cgi-bin/taxon.pl?417528 |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref> Elsewhere, especially in the British Isles, the plant is locally naturalized in parks and old gardens and along river banks.<ref name="BSBIAtlas2020">{{cite web|title=''Lathraea clandestina'' L. |work=BSBI Online Plant Atlas 2020 |editor=P.A. Stroh |editor2=T. A. Humphrey |editor3=R.J. Burkmar |editor4=O.L. Pescott |editor5=D.B. Roy |editor6=K.J. Walker |url=https://plantatlas2020.org/atlas/2cd4p9h.c6c |access-date=15 June 2023 }}</ref>
*'''Rhodope toothwort''' (''[[Lathraea rhodopaea]]'') is common in the [[Rhodope Mountains]] and [[Rila]] mountain range in southeastern Europe.