Editing Lamiales (section)

===Phylogeny===
The [[APG IV]] system gives the following cladogram for Lamiales.{{r|APG4}}

{{clade
|label1='''Lamiales'''
|1={{clade
   |1=[[Plocospermataceae]]
   |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
         |1=[[Carlemanniaceae]]
         |2=[[Oleaceae]]
         }}
      |2={{clade
         |1=[[Tetrachondraceae]]
         |2={{clade
            |1={{clade
               |1=[[Peltantheraceae]]
               |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Calceolariaceae]]
                  |2=[[Gesneriaceae]]
                  }}
               }}
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Plantaginaceae]]
               |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Scrophulariaceae]]
                  |2={{clade
                     |1=[[Stilbaceae]]
                     |2={{clade
                        |1={{clade
                           |1=[[Byblidaceae]]
                           |2=[[Linderniaceae]]
                           }}
                        |2={{clade
                           |1={{clade
                              |1=[[Acanthaceae]]
                              |2=[[Martyniaceae]]
                              |3=[[Pedaliaceae]]
                              }}
                           |2={{clade
                              |1=[[Bignoniaceae]]
                              |2={{clade
                                 |1={{clade
                                    |1={{clade
                                       |1=[[Lentibulariaceae]]
                                       |2=[[Schlegeliaceae]]
                                       }}
                                    |2={{clade
                                       |1=[[Thomandersiaceae]]
                                       |2=[[Verbenaceae]]
                                       }}
                                    }}
                                 |2={{clade
                                    |1=[[Lamiaceae]]
                                    |2={{clade
                                       |1=[[Mazaceae]]
                                       |2={{clade
                                          |1=[[Phrymaceae]]
                                          |2={{clade
                                             |1=[[Orobanchaceae]]
                                             |2=[[Paulowniaceae]]
                                             }}
                                          }}
                                       }}
                                    }}
                                 }}
                              }}
                           }}
                        }}
                     }}
                  }}
               }}
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }}
}}

The Lamiales previously had a restricted circumscription (e.g., by [[Arthur Cronquist]]) that included the major families [[Lamiaceae]] (Labiatae), [[Verbenaceae]], and [[Boraginaceae]], plus a few smaller families. In the classification system of [[Rolf Dahlgren|Dahlgren]] the Lamiales were in the [[superorder]] Lamiiflorae (also called Lamianae). Recent phylogenetic work has shown the Lamiales are [[polyphyletic]] with respect to order [[Scrophulariales]] and the two groups are now usually combined in a single order that also includes the former orders [[Hippuridales]] and [[Plantaginales]]. Lamiales has become the preferred name for this much larger combined group. The placement of the [[Boraginaceae]] is unclear, but phylogenetic work shows this family does not belong in Lamiales.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}

Also, the circumscription of family [[Scrophulariaceae]], formerly a [[paraphyletic]] group defined primarily by [[plesiomorphic]] characters and from within which numerous other families of the Lamiales were derived, has been radically altered to create a number of smaller, better-defined, and putatively [[monophyletic]] families.<ref name="Flei10" />