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===Incorporation and growth=== A toll road was established from [[Cleveland]] to Lakewood by the Rockport Plank Road Company, operating from 1848 to 1901. Lakewood was incorporated as a village in 1889, and named for its lakefront location.<ref>{{cite book|last=Overman|first=William Daniel|title=Ohio Town Names|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015015361465;view=1up;seq=88|year=1958|publisher=Atlantic Press|location=Akron, OH|page=72|access-date=June 15, 2016|archive-date=March 28, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170328023300/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015015361465;view=1up;seq=88|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1893, streetcars came from Cleveland to Lakewood with the construction of the Detroit Avenue line, followed by the Clifton Boulevard line in 1903 and the Madison Avenue line in 1916.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Johnston |first1=Laura |title=9 Lakewood historical milestones: Inner-ring Divide |url=https://www.cleveland.com/metro/2016/07/10_lakewood_historical_milesto.html |website=Cleveland.com |publisher=AdvanceOhio |location=Cleveland OH |date=11 January 2019 |access-date=April 28, 2020 |archive-date=January 24, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124220612/https://www.cleveland.com/metro/2016/07/10_lakewood_historical_milesto.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Under the Ohio Common School Act of April 9, 1867, three schools were allotted to East Rockport, called 6, 8, and 10; they were later designated East, Middle, and West. Each school had one teacher. As the community began to grow and more schools were required, the school board adopted the policy of honoring Ohio's presidents by assigning their names to the school buildings. The Rocky River Railroad was organized in 1869 by speculators as an excursion line to bring Clevelanders to the resort area they developed at the mouth of the Rocky River. Financially unsuccessful as a pleasure and amusement venture, the line was sold to the Nickel Plate Railroad in 1881. The railroad line still exists today, running in an east–west direction north of Detroit Avenue.{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} Notably, Lakewood was home to two pioneering automobile manufacturers: [[Winton Motor Carriage Company]] (est. 1897) and [[Baker Motor Vehicle]] (1899). By 1906, the latter became the largest electric vehicle maker in the world at the time.
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