Editing Kwidzyn (section)

===Early history===
[[File:Kwidzyn Dom1.jpg|thumb|left|Kwidzyn Castle and Cathedral in 2010]]
The [[Pomesania]]n settlement called ''Kwedis'' existed in the 11th century. In 1232, the [[Teutonic Knights]] built the [[Kwidzyn Castle|castle]] and established the town of Marienwerder (now Kwidzyn) the following year. In 1243, the [[Bishopric of Pomesania]] received both the town and castle from the [[Teutonic Order]] as fiefs, and the settlement became the seat of the [[Bishops of Pomesania]] within [[Prussia (region)|Prussia]].<ref name="AEP"/> The town was populated by artisans and traders, originating from towns in the northern parts of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. A Teutonic knight, [[Werner von Orseln]], was murdered in [[Malbork|Marienburg (Malbork)]] in 1330. He was among the first to be buried in the newly erected cathedral of the town.

St. [[Dorothea of Montau]] lived in Marienwerder from 1391 until her death in 1394; future pilgrims visiting her [[shrine]] would contribute to the flourishing economy.

The [[Prussian Confederation]], which opposed Teutonic rule, was founded in the town on March 14, 1440.<ref>Jürgen Sarnowsky: ''Der Deutsche Orden''. Beck, Munich 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-406-53628-1}}, p. 100 ff. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=cDUhGMRfUcQC&pg=PA101 restricted preview]).</ref> The town itself joined the organization on 17 April 1440.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Górski|first=Karol|title=Związek Pruski i poddanie się Prus Polsce: zbiór tekstów źródłowych|year=1949|publisher=Instytut Zachodni|location=[[Poznań]]|language=pl|page=XXXVII}}</ref> Upon the request of the organization in 1454 Polish King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]] incorporated the region and town to the [[Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Kingdom of Poland]],<ref>Górski, p. 54</ref> and the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)|Thirteen Years' War]] broke out. In 1466, after the defeat of the Teutonic Knights in the war, the town became part of Poland as a [[fief]] held by the Teutonic Knights.<ref>Górski, p. 96-97, 214-215</ref> In 1525, the Teutonic state was transformed into a secular and Lutheran [[Duchy of Prussia|duchy]] under the last [[Grand Master of the Teutonic Order]] [[Albert, Duke of Prussia|Albert]], a political foundation only possible with the consent of the Polish King [[Sigismund I the Old]]. The town was visited by Polish Kings [[Sigismund II Augustus]] in 1552<ref>{{Cite book|last=Moraczewski|first=Jędrzej|title=Dzieje Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z pierwszéj połowy szesnastego wieku|year=1847|location=Poznań|language=pl|page=277}}</ref> and [[Stephen Báthory]] in 1576.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gołębiowski|first=Łukasz|title=Domy i dwory|year=1830|location=Warszawa|language=pl|page=87}}</ref> In 1618 the ducal rights were inherited by the [[Margraviate of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]] branch of the [[House of Hohenzollern]], remaining under Polish suzerainty. In 1657 the Brandenburg dukes severed ties with the Polish crown and in 1701 elevated their realm to the sovereign [[Kingdom of Prussia]]. During the [[War of the Polish Succession]], Polish King [[Stanisław Leszczyński]] stayed in the town in July 1734.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ciesielski|first=Tomasz|editor-last=Gieszczyński|editor-first=Witold|editor-last2=Kasparek|editor-first2=Norbert|year=2010|title=Wielkie wojny w Prusach. Działania militarne między dolną Wisłą a Niemnem na przestrzeni wieków|language=pl|location=Dąbrówno|page=107|chapter=Prusy Wschodnie w trakcie polskiej wojny sukcesyjnej i wojny siedmioletniej|isbn=978-83-62552-00-9}}</ref>