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==Typography== Modern typography of the numeral Koppa has most often employed some version of the Z-shaped character. It may appear in several variants: as a simple geometrical lightning-bolt shape ([[File:Qoppa Z-shaped.svg|x16px]]); with the top part curved rightward, evoking to some degree the original uncial form ([[File:Greek Koppa cursive 05.svg|x16px]]); in a characteristic shape with a shorter top arm slightly curved to the left, resembling a [[Hebrew alphabet|Hebrew]] letter [[Lamedh]] (<span style="background-color: white;">[[File:Greek Koppa lamedh-shaped.svg|x16px]]</span>); or with the same lamedh shape turned upside down ([[File:Greek Koppa turned-lamedh.svg|x16px]]). Other variants common in older print include shapes based on the open uncial form ([[File:Greek Koppa cursive 02.svg|x16px]], <span style="background-color: white;">[[File:Koppa open.svg|x16px]]</span>). Some of these shapes may be indistinguishable from realizations of the other Greek numeral, [[Stigma (letter)|Stigma]], in other fonts. Koppa has also sometimes been replaced by a lowercase Latin "q", a mirrored uppercase "P", or a "5" turned upside down. As with the numeral usage of [[stigma (letter)|stigma]] ([[digamma (letter)|digamma]]) and [[sampi (letter)|Sampi]], modern typographical practice normally does not observe a contrast between uppercase and lowercase forms for numeric koppa.<ref>{{cite book|first1=David|last1=Holton|first2=Peter|last2=Mackridge|first3=Irene|last3=Philippaki-Warburton|title=Greek: a comprehensive grammar of the modern language|place=London|publisher=Routledge|year=1997|page=105}}</ref>
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